ASTM D1070-2003(2017) Standard Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels《气体燃料相对密度的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D1070 03 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Methods forRelative Density of Gaseous Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1070; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of relativedensity of gaseous fuels, including liquefied petroleum gases,in the gaseous s
3、tate at normal temperatures and pressures. Thetest methods specified are sufficiently varied in nature so thatone or more may be used for laboratory, control, reference, gasmeasurement, or in fact, for any purpose in which it is desiredto know the relative density of gas or gases as compared to thed
4、ensity of dry air at the same temperature and pressure.1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:SectionMethod A, Ac-Me Gravity Balance 79Method B, Ranarex Recording and Indicating Gravitometer 10-11Method C, UGC Gravitometer 1214NOTE 1The test methods and apparatus described herein are re
5、pre-sentative of methods and apparatus used broadly in industry. Manufactur-ers instructions for specific models should be consulted for further detailsand as supplements to the information presented here. In addition toinstrumentation described below additional equally accurate and satisfac-tory in
6、struments may be available.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesa
7、fety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with interna
8、tionally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5503 P
9、ractice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Con-ditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation (With-drawn 2017)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 densitymass per unit of volume of the fuel gas or airbeing considered.3.1.2 gaseous fuelmaterial to be tested, as sampled, with-out change of compositi
10、on by drying or otherwise.3.1.3 relative densityratio of the density of the gaseousfuel, under the observed conditions of temperature andpressure, to the density of dried air, of normal carbon dioxidecontent, at the same temperature and pressure.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn these test methods the term “rela
11、tivedensity” has replaced the term “specific gravity.” The term,specific gravity, as used in a previous edition of these testmethods, was used incorrectly.3.1.4 relative humidityratio of actual pressure of existingwater vapor to maximum possible pressure of water vapor inthe atmosphere at the same t
12、emperature, expressed as apercentage.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 Displacement BalancesThis test method is based onthe balancing of the weight of a fixed volume of gas atatmospheric pressure against the weight of dry air across thecenter of gravity of a balance beam. The amount of this“deflection,”
13、 subject to correction, for humidity, high CO2content or other factor measures the relative density. Instru-ments of this class may be either visual or chart recording.4.2 Kinetic EnergyThis test method measures the ratio ofthe change in kinetic energy between an impeller and animpulse wheel operati
14、ng in gas and a second impeller and1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 onGaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.03 onDetermination of Heating Value and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels.Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published Apr
15、il 2017. Originallyapproved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1070 03(2010) .DOI: 10.1520/D1070-03R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer
16、 to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in
17、 accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1impulse wheel operating in
18、 a reference gas (generally air). Therelative torque of the impulse wheels is measured and providesa value for relative density since the relative torque is propor-tional to the gas and air densities.5. Significance and Use5.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable meth-ods to measure the
19、relative density of gaseous fuels on anintermittent or continuous basis. These measurements arefrequently used for regulatory or contract compliance custodytransfer and process control.6. Sampling6.1 The sample shall be representative of the gas to bemeasured and shall be taken from its source witho
20、ut change inform or composition. Sampling of natural gases should be inaccordance with Practice D5503.METHOD AAcMe GRAVITY BALANCE(Four-Spring Type)7. Apparatus7.1 AcMe Gravity Balance (Four-Spring Type), pressure-tight cylindrical container mounted on a base board. Inside thecontainer is a balance
21、beam with a sealed float at the back andgraduated scale at the front. The beam is suspended at thecenter by thin flat springs. A window for viewing the scale isprovided at the front of the container. The balance beam maybe locked by a cam mechanism when the instrument is not inuse. Valves for introd
22、ucing gas and air samples are provided.7.2 Carrying Case, for transportation or storage.7.3 Air Dryer, to dehydrate air samples (silica gel).7.4 Tripod, to support the balance firmly.7.5 Pressure-Vacuum Pump, to transfer samples and adjustpressure in the balance.7.6 Mercury Manometer, 760 mm, to mea
23、sure pressure inthe balance.7.7 Aneroid Barometer, temperature compensated to convertbalance pressure readings to absolute pressures. (Absolutepressure not corrected to sea level.)7.8 Rubber Hose, 6.35-mm (14-in.) inside diameter, fourlengths with brass swivel connections to join the balance to itso
24、perating accessories.7.9 Sampling Hose, 6.35 mm (14 in.) with swivel connec-tions and two male 6.35-mm (14-in.) pipe adapters.7.10 Additional ApparatusRefer to the manufacturersliterature for further information on sizes, assembly, and otherdetails applicable to specific models.8. Procedure8.1 Assem
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