ASTM D2304-2010 Standard Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Rigid Electrical Insulating Materials《硬质电绝缘材料耐热性的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D2304 10An American National StandardStandard Test Method forThermal Endurance of Rigid Electrical Insulating Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method2provides procedures for evaluating thethermal endurance of rigid electrical insu
3、lating materials.Dielectric strength, flexural strength, or water absorption aredetermined at room temperature after aging for increasingperiods of time in air at selected-elevated temperatures. Athermal-endurance graph is plotted using a selected end pointat each aging temperature. A means is descr
4、ibed for determin-ing a temperature index by extrapolation of the thermalendurance graph to a selected time.1.2 This test method is most applicable to rigid electricalinsulation such as supports, spacers, voltage barriers, coilforms, terminal boards, circuit boards and enclosures for manytypes of ap
5、plication where retention of the selected propertyafter heat aging is important.1.3 When dielectric strength is used as the aging criterion, itis also acceptable to use this test method for some thin sheet(flexible) materials, which become rigid with thermal aging,but is not intended to replace Test
6、 Method D1830 for thosematerials which must retain a degree of flexibility in use.1.4 This test method is not applicable to ceramics, glass, orsimilar inorganic materials.1.5 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded asstandard. Other units (in parentheses) are provided for infor-mation.1
7、.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific warn
8、ingstatement is given in 10.3.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD229 Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate MaterialsUsed for Electrical Insulati
9、onD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD1830 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of FlexibleSheet Materials Used for Electrical Insulation by theCurved Electrode MethodD5423
10、Specification for Forced-Convection LaboratoryOvens for Evaluation of Electrical Insulation2.2 IEEE:4No. 1 General Principles Upon Which Temperature LimitsAre Based in the Rating of Electric EquipmentNo. 98 Guide for the Preparation of Test Procedures for theThermal Evaluation of Electrical Insulati
11、ng MaterialsNo. 101 Guide for the Statistical Analysis of Test Data3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Arrhenius plot, na graph of the logarithm of thermallife as a function of the reciprocal of absolute temperature.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis is normally depicted as the beststraight line fit, determined
12、 by least squares, of end pointsobtained at aging temperatures. It is important that the slope,which is the activation energy of the degradation reaction, beapproximately constant within the selected temperature rangeto ensure a valid extrapolation.3.1.2 temperature index, na number which permits co
13、m-parison of the temperature/time characteristics of an electrical1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.Current edition appro
14、ved Oct. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originallyissued as D2304 64 T. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D2304 97R02.DOI: 10.1520/D2304-10.2This test method is a revision of a procedure written by the Working Group onRigid Electrical Insulating Materials of the Subcommittee on Thermal Eva
15、luation,IEEE Electrical Insulation Committee, which was presented as CP 59-113 at theIEEE Winter General Meeting Feb. 16, 1959. See references at end of this testmethod.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
16、l Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 HoesLn., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
17、West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.insulating material, or a simple combination of materials, basedon the temperature in degrees Celsius which is obtained byextrapolating the Arrhenius plot of life versus temperature to aspecified time, usually 20 000 h.3.1.3 thermal life, nthe time nec
18、essary for a specificproperty of a material, or a simple combination of materials, todegrade to a defined end point when aged at a specifiedtemperature.3.1.4 thermal life curve, na graphical representation ofthermal life at a specified aging temperature in which the valueof a property of a material,
19、 or a simple combination ofmaterials, is measured at room temperature and the valuesplotted as a function of time.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 rigid electrical insulating material, nan electricalinsulating material having a minimum flexural modulus of 690MPa and minimum u
20、se thickness of 0.5 mm (0.02 in.). It isgenerally used as terminal boards, spacers, coil forms, voltagebarriers, and circuit boards.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Test specimens are aged in air at three or preferably fourtemperatures above the expected use temperature. The agingtemperatures are select
21、ed so that the thermal life is at least 100h at the highest aging temperature and 5000 h at the lowestaging temperature. A thermal-life curve is plotted for eachaging temperature. The values of thermal life determined fromthe thermal-life curve are used to plot the thermal-endurancegraph. A temperat
22、ure index is determined from the thermal-endurance graph for each aging criterion used. (It is possible toobtain different values for the thermal index of a material withdifferent aging criteria.)5. Significance and Use5.1 Thermal degradation is often a major factor affecting thelife of insulating m
23、aterials and the equipment in which they areused. The temperature index provides a means for comparingthe thermal capability of different materials in respect to thedegradation of a selected property (the aging criterion). Thisproperty needs to directly or indirectly represent functionalneeds in app
24、lication. For example, it is possible that a changein dielectric strength will be of direct, functional importance.However, more often it is possible that a decrease in dielectricstrength will indirectly indicate the development of undesirablecracking (embrittlement). A decrease in flexural strength
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