1、Designation: D305 84 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forSolvent-Extractable Material in Black Pigments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D305; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determin
3、ation of thesolvent-extractable material in black pigments such as carbonblack, lampblack, and bone black.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concer
4、ns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D329 Specification for Acetone3. Signific
5、ance and Use3.1 This test method is used by black pigment producers andusers for product acceptance.4. Apparatus4.1 Extraction Apparatus, consisting of a flask, siphon cup,and a condenser similar to the apparatus shown in either Fig. 1or Fig. 2.NOTE 1A Sophlet apparatus may be used as an alternative
6、.4.2 Extraction ThimblesThe thimble must be made ofgreaseless paper and be of correct size to fill the selectedapparatus.NOTE 2The recommended thimble size for each of the apparatusshown in Fig. 1 is listed below:Fig. 1 Fig. 2Height 70 mm 62 mmInside diameter 28 mm 22 mmOutside diameter 30 mm 24 mm4
7、.3 The thimbles are available in various heights and widthswith two thickness levels, single thickness or double thickness.Single-thickness thimbles are recommended for this extractionprocedure.5. Reagents and Material5.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless ot
8、herwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high
9、purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.5.2 SolventAcetone and benzene are the most commonlyused solvents (see Specification D329); however, other sol-vents may be used as agreed upon.5.3 Glass Wool.6. Procedure6.1 Weight approximately 10 g of pigment (moisture-fr
10、ee)into a weighed thimble and record the weight to 0.1 g. Forpigments with high apparent density (bone black, iron oxides,etc.) a 40-g sample is recommended. Plug the open end of thethimble with glass wool and place in the siphon cup. Add 200to 250 mL of the solvent to the previously dried flask.6.2
11、 When using acetone as the extraction solvent, extractcontinuously for 4 h, heating at a rate such that the timerequired to fill and empty the siphon cup will not exceed 8 min.With other solvents extract for 16 h.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related C
12、oatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originallyapproved in 1929. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D305 84 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D0305-84R14.2For ref
13、erenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, America
14、nChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC),
15、 Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1NOTE 3If particles of carbon have escaped from the cup into theextraction liquid, filter the liquid, wash the paper with solvent, and returnthe total filtrate to the extrac
16、tion flask, prior to continuing with 6.3.6.3 Transfer quantitatively the extract solution to a 400-mLbeaker that has been weighed to the nearest 0.1 g, andevaporate off the solvent on a steam bath or plate. Remove thebeaker from the bath or hot plate just before the last trace of thesolvent disappea
17、rs. Dry the dish for1hat105C (221F). Cooland weigh to the nearest 0.1 g.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the percent extractable material, E,tothenearest 0.05 % as follows:E 5 R 2 B!/S 2 W!# 3100 (1)where:R = weight of extractable material and weighed dish, g,B = weight of weighed dish, g,S = weight of t
18、himble and specimen, g, andW = weight of thimble, g.8. Precision8.1 Precision data are not available at this time. When theyare available the appropriate precision statements will beadded.9. Keywords9.1 black pigment; solvent extractableASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of
19、 any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to
20、revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Y
21、our comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is co
22、pyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Extraction ApparatusFIG. 2 Extraction ApparatusD305 84 (2014)2
