1、Designation: D 3542 08Standard Specification forPreformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric Joint Seals forBridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3542; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the material requirements forpreformed polychloroprene elastomeric joint seals for bridges.The
3、 seal consists of a multiple-web design composed ofpolychloroprene and functions only by compression of the sealbetween the faces of the joint with the seal folding inward atthe top to facilitate compression. The seal is installed with alubricant adhesive and is designed to seal the joint and reject
4、incompressibles.NOTE 1This specification may not be applicable for seals whoseheight is less than 90 % of its nominal width.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informati
5、on onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory l
6、imitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 518 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurfaceC
7、racking3D 573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD 575 Test Methods for Rubber Properties in CompressionD 1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCrackingin an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessD 3040 Discontinued 1988; Practice for Pr
8、eparing Preci-sion Statements for Standards Related to Rubber andRubber Testing; Replaced by D 448333. Marking and Ordering Information3.1 Each lot of seal shall be marked with characters of notless than 0.25 in. (6.35 mm) in height on the top of the seal ata maximum of 4 ft (1.22 m) intervals showi
9、ng the lot number,date of manufacture, and the manufacturing seal designation.The seal shall also have die markings which are registered withthe Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA).3.2 The purchaser shall specify the anticipated requiredminimum acceptable joint movement, and either the minimumjoi
10、nt opening, or the nominal width of seal.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The seals shall be preformed, and the material shall bevulcanized elastomeric compound using virgin polychloro-prene as the only polymer.5. Physical Requirements5.1 The materials shall conform to the physical propertiesprescrib
11、ed in Table 1.5.2 In the applicable requirements of Table 1 and the testmethods, all deflection shall be based on the nominal width.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.34 onPreformed Join
12、t Fillers, Sealers and Sealing Systems.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 3542 92 (2007).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi
13、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
14、hohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Dimensions and Working Parameters6.1 The size, shape and dimensional tolerances shall be asoutlined in 6.1.1.6.1.1 Measurements used for laboratory testing shall betaken to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.3 mm) and reported/recorded tothe nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm) as t
15、he average of three measure-ments. The measured width shall be greater than or equal to thenominal width. The seal height shall not be less than 90 % ofthe nominal width unless joint recess dimensions or specialdesign considerations dictate the geometry.6.2 Compression Deflection PropertiesThe conta
16、ct pres-sure expressed in pounds-force per square inch (or pascals)when the seal is compressed to any particular width indicatesthe stress-strain relationship that exists in the seal. Thisrelationship is dependent on both the properties of the elas-tomer and the cross-sectional configuration of the
17、seal. There-fore, for a predetermined allowable pressure, a definitiverelationship will exist and the working limits of the seal may bedefined.6.2.1 The working limits (minimum and maximum degreesof compression) of the seal shall be determined on the basis ofthe minimum and maximum limits of compres
18、sibility (LC minand LC max), and the movement range as specified herein. Thepurchaser shall specify the movement range, anticipated maxi-mum joint opening and the target nominal width of seal. Sealswith nominal width differing from that specified are accept-able, providing the compressed width at LC
19、 max is less thanthe minimum anticipated joint opening, and the movementrange requirement is met.6.2.2 The minimum limit of compressibility (LC min) isdefined as the compressed width (expressed in terms of percentof nominal width) corresponding to a contact pressure of 3 psi(20.68 kPa). The LC min s
20、hall be determined in accordancewith 9.3. For the purpose of calculating movement range, avalue at 85 % of nominal width shall be used for LC min whenthe measured value of LC min exceeds 85 %.NOTE 2If the seal generates a pressure of 3 psi at 90 % of nominalwidth, LC min equals 85 %. However, if the
21、 seal generates 3 psi at 70 %of nominal width, the LC min equals 70 %.6.2.3 The maximum limit of compressibility (LC max) isdefined as the compressed width (expressed in terms of percentof nominal width) corresponding to a contact pressure of 35 psi(241.32 kPa). The LC max shall be determined in acc
22、ordancewith 9.3. LC max has been designated at 35 psi (241.32 kPa)in order to mitigate the tendencies toward pressure decay of theseal during use. A reading of 35 psi is considered an absolutemaximum pressure which should not be exceeded.6.2.4 The movement range of the seal is defined as thenumerica
23、l difference between the LC min and the LC maxexpressed in inches (mm). For the purpose of calculating themovement range, a value at 85 % shall be used for LC minwhen the measured value of LC min exceeds 85 %. ForTABLE 1 Physical Requirements for Preformed Elastomeric Joint SealsRequirements ASTM Te
24、st MethodTensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 2000 (13.8) D 412Elongation at break, min, % 250 D 412Hardness, Type A durometer, points 55 6 5 D 2240 (modified)AOven aging, 70 h at 212F (100C)Tensile strength, max, % loss 20Elongation, max, % loss 20Hardness, Type A durometer, points change 0 to 10Oil sw
25、ell, ASTM Oil No. 3, 70 h at 212F:70 h at 212F (100C)Weight change, max, % 45 D 471Ozone resistanceBno cracks D 1149C20 % strain, 300 pphm in air, 70 h, at 104F (40C) (wiped with toluene to remove surfacecontamination)Low-temperature recovery,72 h at 14F (10C), 50 percent:Deflection, min, % 88 Secti
26、on 8.2DLow-temperature recovery,22 h at 20F (29C), 50 %:Deflection, min, % 83 Section 8.2DHigh-temperature recovery,70 h, at 212F (100C), 50 %:Deflection, min, % 85 Section 8.2DCompression-deflection properties:LC min in. (mm) See 8.3.5 D 575 Method A (modified)ELC max in. (mm) See 8.3.5Movement ran
27、ge, in. (mm) See 8.3.5AThe term “modified” in the table relates to the specimen preparation. The use of the joint seal as the specimen source requires that more plies than specified in eitherof the modified test procedures be used. Such specimen modification shall be agreed upon between the purchase
28、r and the supplier prior to testing. The hardness test shallbe made with the durometer in a durometer stand as recommended in Test Method D 2240.BSample prepared in accordance with Method A of Test Method D 518.CCracking, splitting, or sticking of a specimen during a recovery test shall mean that th
29、e specimen has failed the test.DThe reference section and subsections are those of this specification. The values found in 6.2.2, 6.2.3, and 6.2.4 shall be within the range specified by the purchaserin 3.2.ESpeed of testing shall be 0.5 6 0.05 in. (13 6 1.3 mm), min at room temperature of 73 6 4F (2
30、3 6 2.2C). The sheets of sandpaper are not used.D3542082purposes of acceptance testing, the calculated movement rangeof the seal shall not be less than the specified value by morethan 5 %.7. Sampling7.1 A lot shall consist of the quantity for each cross sectionagreed upon between the purchaser and t
31、he supplier.7.2 Samples shall be taken at random from each shipment ofmaterial. If the shipment consists of more than one lot, each lotshall be sampled.7.3 The minimum lengths of samples for testing purposesshall be as prescribed by the purchaser or as prescribed in Table2.8. Specimen Preparation8.1
32、 All test specimens shall be cut, buffed, or both from thesample of preformed seal. Care should be taken not to overheatthe test specimen during buffing. The cut shall be square towithin 2 and smooth, with no roughness visible to the nakedeye. The use of a tooth blade device or a guillotine-type cut
33、ter,or both, is not acceptable. This process will eliminate irregu-larities.8.2 Specimens for determining tensile strength and elonga-tion (Test Method D 412) shall be prepared using Die C whenpossible. Die D may be used when the flat sections of a seal aretoo small for Die C. However, the requireme
34、nt of Table 1 shallapply regardless of the die used. Buffing should be carefullyperformed and kept to a minimum.8.3 Specimens for low-temperature and high-temperaturerecovery tests and for pressure deflection tests shall consist of6-in. (150-mm) lengths of the preformed seal. Low-temperature recover
35、y and pressure deflection specimens shallbe lightly dusted with talc on all internal and external surfaces.Specimens for high-temperature recovery shall be lightlydusted with talc on the external surfaces only.9. Test Methods9.1 Compliance with the requirements of Table 1 shall bedetermined by tests
36、 conducted in accordance with the methodsspecified.9.2 Recovery Tests:9.2.1 Determine the low-temperature and high-temperaturerecovery test values using specimens prepared in accordancewith Section 8. Two specimens shall be used for each test.9.2.2 Deflect the specimen between parallel plates to 50
37、%of the nominal width using the compression set clamp assem-bly described in Method B of Test Method D 395. Prior tocompression, place the specimen in a horizontal position, suchthat the plane through both edges of the top surface of the jointseal is perpendicular to the compression plate.As the spe
38、cimenis being compressed, the top surface of the joint seal shouldfold inward toward the center of the specimen.9.2.3 Place a clamp assembly containing the compressedspecimen in a refrigerated box capable of maintaining atemperature of 14 6 2F (10 6 1.1C) for 72 h. Unclamp theassembly and remove the
39、 upper compression plate, or carefullyremove the specimen from the assembly and transfer it to awooden surface in the refrigerated box. Allow the specimen torecover for1hat146 2F (10 6 1.1C). Measure therecovered width in the center of the 6-in. (150mm) length atboth the top and bottom longitudinal
40、edges of the specimen.The recovered width shall be taken as an average of these twomeasurements. Measurements may be made with either a dialcaliper or a platform-mounted dial gauge graduated in thou-sandths of an inch (0.025 mm). The platform-mounted gaugeshall have a14-in. (6mm) diameter pressure f
41、oot with a forceof 0.18 6 0.02 lbf (0.80 6 0.09 N). Measurements with theplatform-mounted gauge should be taken with the pressure footcentered on the longitudinal edge of the seal. Calculate therecovery as follows:Recovery, % 5recovered width 3 100!/nominal width! (1)Report the least value of recove
42、ry to the nearest 1 %.NOTE 3The use of a desiccant, such as calcium chloride, in therefrigerated box should be used to minimize frosting.The desiccant shouldbe changed or reactivated as frequently as necessary to keep it effective.9.2.4 Place a clamp assembly containing the compressedspecimen in a r
43、efrigerated box capable of maintaining atemperature of 20 6 2F (29 6 1.1C) for 22 h. (Note 3).Unclamp the assembly and remove the upper compressionplate, or carefully remove the specimen and transfer it to awooden surface in the refrigerated box. Allow the specimen torecover for1hat206 2F (29 6 1.1C
44、). Measure therecovered width and calculate the recovery as in 9.2.3.9.2.5 Place a clamp assembly containing the compressedspecimen in an oven conforming to Test Method D 573. Thetemperature shall be maintained at 212 6 2F (100 6 1.1C)for 70 h. Do not preheat the clamp assembly. Unclamp theassembly,
45、 carefully remove the specimen, and allow it torecover at 73 6 4F (23 6 2.2C) on a wooden surface for 1h. Measure the recovered width and calculate the recovery as in9.2.3.9.3 Compression-Deflection Tests:9.3.1 Determine compression-deflection values using speci-mens prepared in accordance with Sect
46、ion 8. Measure thelength of each specimen at the top, center, and bottom using arule graduated in thirty seconds of an inch (or millimetres).Average the three measurements and record as the length of thespecimen to the nearest132 in. (0.8 mm). Measure the height ofthe contact area on both sides and
47、at both ends (four measure-ments) with a dial caliper or suitable rule. Average and recordto the nearest132 in. (0.8 mm).9.3.2 Calculate the contact area of the specimen by multi-plying the average length times the average height of thecontact area as determined above.9.3.3 Calculate the forces requ
48、ired to compress the speci-men to LC min and LC max by multiplying the contact areatimes 3 psi (20.68 kPa) and 35 psi (241.32 kPa), respectively.9.3.4 Place the specimen on its side in such a manner that aplane through both edges of the top surface of the seal shall beTABLE 2 Minimum Lengths of Seal
49、 SamplesSeal Size, in. (mm) Length of Sample, in. (m)Less than 2 (51) 96 (2.44)2 (51) to less than 3 (76) 72 (1.83)3 (76) and larger 60 (1.52)D3542083perpendicular to the platens. Close the platens until thedistance between them is slightly larger than the actual widthof the seal. Test in accordance with Method A of Test MethodD 575, except that the speed shall be 0.5 6 0.05 in. (13 6 1.3mm)/min, and the sheets of sandpaper are not used.9.3.5 Compress the specimen to LC max by observing theforce calculated in 9.3.3. Immediately
