1、Designation: D 5360 05Standard Practice forDesign and Construction of Bituminous SurfaceTreatments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the design and construction ofbituminous surface treatments. It is a guide and should be usedas such. End-us
3、e specifications should be adopted to conformto job and user requirements.1.2 The values given in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this s
4、tandard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecautions see Section 9.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road andBridge ConstructionD 490 Spe
5、cification for Road TarD 946 Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Ce-ment for Use in Pavement ConstructionD 977 Specification for Emulsified AsphaltD 1139 Specification for Aggregate for Single or MultipleBituminous Surface TreatmentsD 1369 Practice for Quantities of Materials for Bituminous
6、Surface TreatmentsD 2027 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium-CuringType)D 2028 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-CuringType)D 2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified AsphaltD 2399 Practice for Selection of Cutback AsphaltsD 2995 Practice for Determining Application Rate of Bitu-minou
7、s DistributorsD 3381 Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cementfor Use in Pavement ConstructionD 3628 Practice for Selection and Use of Emulsified As-phaltsD 5624 Test Method for Determining the Transverse-Aggregate Spread Rate for Surface TreatmentApplications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of
8、 Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 multiple surface treatmentthe bituminous surfaceproduced by the repeat application of bitumen and aggregate asecond or even a third time, with the aggregate size usuallybecoming smaller with each application. Each layer is imme-diately rolled, preferably with a
9、 pneumatic-tired roller.3.1.2 single surface treatmentthe bituminous surface pro-duced by the application of bitumen to a prepared surfacefollowed at once by an aggregate cover. The surface isimmediately rolled, preferably with a pneumatic-tired roller.3.1.3 surface treatmentan application of bitumi
10、nous ma-terial followed by a layer of mineral aggregate. Multipleapplications of bituminous material and mineral aggregate maybe used.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is to be used as a guide and not aspecification.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for seal coat and surface treatment materia
11、lsunder this guide shall include the following information:5.1.1 Type of bitumen (asphalt cement, emulsified asphalt,cutback asphalt, road tar) specification designation,5.1.2 Grade of bitumen,5.1.3 Quantity of bitumen required,5.1.4 Type of aggregate (crushed stone, crushed gravel,crushed slag, gra
12、vel, slag) specification designation,5.1.5 Size or sizes of aggregate to be furnished,5.1.6 Quantity of aggregate required, and5.1.7 Special requirements.6. Aggregate6.1 Cover Aggregate, shall conform to Specification D 1139and Classification D 448.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Co
13、mmittee D04 on Road andPaving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.24 onBituminous Surface Treatments.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2005. Published February 2005. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 5360 - 98.2For referenced ASTM stand
14、ards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P
15、A 19428-2959, United States.6.2 SizeAggregate should be as close to one size as iseconomically practical, preferably in the range of12 to14 in.(13 to 6 mm) for single surface treatments. For multiple surfacetreatments, aggregate in the range of 1 to12 in. (25 to 13 mm)is used for the bottom layer wi
16、th each successive layer usingaggregate approximately12 in. in size. Larger sizes may beused in multiple treatments. Aggregates larger than12 in. (13mm) can cause objectionable tire noise. Aggregates finer than18 in. (3 mm) are difficult to spread evenly. Also, the finer theaggregate, the smaller is
17、 the tolerable range for the bituminousapplication rate.6.3 ShapeThe ideal shape is cubical. Flat or elongatedparticles are undesirable. Flat particles tend to become alignedon their flat sides and may be completely covered withbituminous material when enough is used to hold the cubicalparticles in
18、place. Rounded particles tend to roll and have poorretention, and therefore, are undesirable.6.4 CleanlinessClean aggregate is extremely important. Ifthe coarse aggregate particles are dusty or coated with finematerial, the bituminous material may not adhere to theaggregate, resulting in loss of cov
19、er aggregate and poorperformance. It is recommended that the fraction passing theNo. 200 mesh screen not exceed 1 % by weight.7. Bitumen7.1 When asphalt cement is used, it shall conform to eitherSpecification D 3381 or Specification D 946.NOTE 1The viscosity grade or the penetration grade to be used
20、depends on climatic conditions and amount and type of traffic.7.2 When cutback asphalt is used, it shall conform to eitherSpecification D 2027 or Specification D 2028.NOTE 2Selection of cutback type (rapid-cure or medium-cure) andgrade depends on the type of construction, climatic conditions, amount
21、and nature of traffic, and cleanliness of aggregate. Refer to PracticeD 2399 for selection guide.7.3 When emulsified asphalt is used, it shall conform toeither Specification D 977 or Specification D 2397.NOTE 3The emulsified asphalt type and grade to be used depends onthe type of construction, clima
22、tic conditions, amount and nature of traffic,and cleanliness of aggregate. Use Practice D 3628 for a selection guide.Other types of emulsified asphalt may be used if experience has shownthat satisfactory performance will result.7.4 When road tar is used, it shall conform to SpecificationD 490.8. App
23、lication Rates8.1 The bituminous application rate shall be estimated byusing Practice D 1369 for guidance.8.2 The bituminous material shall be applied by a bitumi-nous distributor that has been calibrated for transverse andlongitudinal application rate by Practice D 2995.8.3 The aggregate applicatio
24、n rate shall be estimated byusing Practice D 1369 as a guide.8.4 The aggregate shall be applied by a self-propelledmechanical spreader or other aggregate spreading device that iscapable of uniformly spreading the aggregate at the desired rateand width. The spreader shall be calibrated to apply thequ
25、antity of cover aggregate indicated by the design require-ments for a given project. This calibration can be accomplishedwith several sheets of canvas, each being one square yard(square metre), and a suitable scale. This is done in a mannersimilar to Test Method D 5624 for bituminous distributors.9.
26、 Precautions9.1 Surface treatment operations should not be carried outduring periods of cold or wet weather, or both. The surfaceshall be clean and dry while performing the work.9.1.1 The air temperature should be at least 50F (10C) inthe shade and rising before starting the operation. The opera-tio
27、n should not be permitted when the temperature is 60F orless and falling.9.1.2 The operation should not be carried out in the rain, orwhen rain is threatening.10. Method of Sampling and Testing10.1 Calibrate application equipment in accordance with thefollowing standards:10.1.1 Determining Applicati
28、on Rate of BituminousDistributorsPractice D 2995.10.1.2 Determining the Transverse Aggregate Spread Ratefor Surface Treatment ApplicationsTest Method D 5624.11. Construction Procedure11.1 Patch potholes, fill cracks, and repair damaged areas inexisting pavement or consolidated base.11.2 The surface
29、to be covered should be cleaned with arotary broom or other approved means.11.3 Spray bituminous material at the specified rate andproper temperature for type and grade of material. The recom-mended viscosity range for spraying is 20120 cSt, kinematic(approximately 1060 SFS). A guide to the range th
30、at encom-passes the correct spraying temperature for various types andgrades of material can be found in the appropriate standard forthe material (that is, asphalt cement, cutback asphalt, emulsi-fied asphalt, road tar).NOTE 4The flash point of some grades of bituminous materials isbelow 250F; there
31、fore, caution must be used when applying heat to thesematerials.11.4 Spread cover aggregate at the specified rate immedi-ately behind the bituminous material spray application toachieve maximum possible chip wetting depth. This is essen-tial in the case of asphalt cement and road tar because of ther
32、apid increase in viscosity with cooling, and is greatly desirablein the case of asphalt emulsions and cutback asphalts tomaximize the meniscus effect. The cover aggregate should beplaced on the bituminous material within 2 min of thebituminous application.11.5 Roll the surface immediately after appl
33、ication of thecover aggregate, preferably with a pneumatic-tired roller, toseat chips in the bituminous membrane. The speed of the rollershould not exceed 5 mph. Depending on environment condi-tions, type and amount of bituminous material, three (3) passesof a 12 to 15-ton pneumatic-tired roller are
34、 normally used.Initial rolling of the aggregate should occur within 5 min of theapplication of the bituminous material, and the final of thethree coverages should be completed within 30 min.D536005211.6 Control traffic speed until bituminous material has set.It is recommended that traffic speed not
35、exceed 20 mph for aperiod of 4 h after placement of the surface treatment.11.7 For multiple surface treatments, repeat steps 11.3-11.6.Successive applications should be applied only after theprevious bituminous surface has set and cured, usually one day.Remove excess aggregate before applying the se
36、cond or thirdlayer of surface treatment.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the
37、 riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of
38、 this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldm
39、ake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D5360053
