1、Designation: D5675 13 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Classification forLow Molecular Weight PTFE and FEP Micronized Powders1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification system provides a method of ad-equately identifying low molecular weight polytetrafluoroeth
3、-ylene (PTFE) and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) mi-cronized powders using a system consistent with that ofClassification System D4000. It further provides a means forspecifying these materials by the use of a simple line calloutdesignation. This classification covers fluoropolymer micron-ized
4、 powders that are used as lubricants and as additives toother materials in order to improve lubricity or to control othercharacteristics of the base material.1.2 These powders are sometimes known as lubricant pow-ders. The powders usually have a much smaller particle sizethan those used for molding
5、or extrusion, and they generallyare not processed alone. The test methods and propertiesincluded are those required to identify and specify the varioustypes of fluoropolymer micronized powders. Recycled fluo-ropolymer materials meeting the detailed requirements of thisclassification are included (se
6、e Guide D7209).1.3 These fluoropolymer micronized powders and the ma-terials designated as filler powders (F) in ISO 12086-1 andISO 12086-2 are equivalent.21.4 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTMSI-10 are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address
7、 all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary statements are given
8、in 7.1.2.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBa
9、rriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D854 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids byWater PycnometerD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Term
10、s Relating to Plas-ticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD4464 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Cata-lytic Materials by Laser Light ScatteringD4567 Test Method for Single-Point Determination of Spe-cific SurfaceA
11、rea of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers UsingNitrogen Adsorption by Continuous Flow MethodD4591 Test Method for Determining Temperatures andHeats of Transitions of Fluoropolymers by DifferentialScanning CalorimetryD4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Resin Produced From DispersionD72
12、09 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-drawn 2015)4D5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-fication FormatIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 ISO St
13、andards:5ISO 12086-1 Plastics-Fluoropolymer Dispersions andMoulding and Extrusion Materials Part 1: Designation andSystem and Basis for Specification1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplasti
14、cMaterials.Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyapproved 1995. Last previous edition approved 2013 as D5675 - 13. DOI: 10.1520/D5675-13R18.2Designations, specifications, and test methods are included in ISO 12086-1 and12086-2.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit t
15、he ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from
16、American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally
17、 recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1ISO 12086-2 Plastics-Fluoropolymer Dispersions andMoulding
18、 and Extrusion Materials Part 2: Preparation ofTest Specimens and Determination of Properties3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology given in TerminologyD883 is applicable to this classification unless otherwisespecified.3.1.1 bulk density, nthe mass per unit volume, in gramsper litre of a loos
19、ely packed material, such as a moldingpowder. D48953.1.2 lot, none production run or uniform blend of two ormore production runs. D48953.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 direct polymerization powder, nfluoropolymer ma-terial based on polymerizations designed to produce lowmolec
20、ular weight PTFE resins with properties of materialsdescribed in this standard.3.2.2 dispersion-based powder, nfluoropolymer materialbased on the type of polymerization normally related to theproduction of “paste or coagulated dispersion type” fluoropo-lymer resins.3.2.3 micronized powder, na materi
21、al comprised of par-ticles reduced in average size to a dimension typically between1 and 100 m.3.2.4 reground PTFE, nPTFE material produced bygrinding polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material that has beenpreformed but has never been sintered.3.2.5 reprocessed PTFE, nPTFE material produced bygrinding
22、 PTFE material that has been both preformed andsintered.3.2.6 sintering, nas it applies to PTFE, a thermal treat-ment during which the PTFE is melted and recrystallized bycooling, with coalescence occurring during the treatment.3.2.7 suspension-based powder, nfluoropolymer materialbased on the type
23、of polymerization normally related to theproduction of granular PTFE resins.3.3 AbbreviationsAbbreviated terms are in accordancewith Terminology D1600.4. Classification4.1 This classification covers two groups of fluoropolymermicronized powders. Fluoropolymer micronized powders areclassified into gr
24、oups according to their base fluoropolymer.These groups are further subdivided into classes and grades asshown in Table 1.NOTE 1An example of this classification system is as follows:The designation ASTM D5675 PTFE0111 indicates PTFE micronizedpowder in accordance with Specification D5675:01 = PTFE
25、resin,1 = suspension polymerization based, and1 = formerly Type I, Grade 1, Class A, inSpecification D5675 - 95awith a particle size of 1 to 1 g/10 min using a load of 5 kg.TABLE 1 Basic PropertiesGroup Description Class Description Grade DescriptionParticle Size,AverageDiameter, mSurface Area,m2/gM
26、elt-Flow Rate,Ag/10 minMassB01CPTFE 1 suspension based 1D1to1 52E10 to 25 0.8 to 4.5 0.1 102 dispersion based 1F1to1 52G10 to 30 4.6 to 15 0.1 103H25 to 50 4.6 to 15 1 54I50 to 150 4.6 to 15 1 53 direct polymerization 1J2 to 15 4.6 to 15 1 54 reground suspension 1K1to1 55 reground dispersion 1L1to25
27、 0.8to4.5 1 56 previously sintered 1M10 to 50 20 502NFEP 1 1O10 to 30 4.6 to 15 4 to 12 5AOrifice diameter of 2.0955 mm and temperature of 372C.BKilogram load on plastometer.CGroup 01 materials have a specific gravity of 2.10 to 2.30 g/cm3, a water content (maximum) of 0.1 %, a melting point (peak t
28、emperature) of 315 to 340C, and a bulkdensity of 225 to 600 g/L.DFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 1, Class A.EFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 1, Class B.FFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class A.GFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class B.
29、HFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class C.IFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class D.JFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 3, Class A.KFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 4, Class A.LFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 4, Class B.MForm
30、erly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 5, Class A.NGroup 02 materials have a specific gravity of 2.10 to 2.20 g/cm3, a water content (maximum) of 0.1 %, a melting point (peak temperature) of 250 to 280C, and a bulkdensity of 200 to 600 g/L.OFormerly Specification D567595a, Type II, Grade 1, Clas
31、s A.D5675 13 (2018)25. General Requirements5.1 The resin shall be uniform and shall contain no additivesor foreign material.5.2 The color of the material as shipped by the seller shallbe white to gray.6. Sampling6.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 9.4.7. Sample
32、 Preparation7.1 Test Samples:7.1.1 For each lot of fluoropolymer micronized powder,collect a suitable sample for testing. The sample powder shallbe at the standard laboratory temperature of 23 6 2C (73.4 63.6F) prior to testing.7.1.2 Screen the powder through a No. 10 hand sieve inorder to break up
33、or remove any lumps. (WarningFluoropolymers have the potential to evolve small quantities ofgaseous products when heated above 200C (400F). It ispossible that some of these gases will be harmful. Exhaustventilation must consequently be used whenever the resins areheated above this temperature, as th
34、ey are during the meltingoperations that are part of this classification. Since the tem-perature of burning tobacco exceeds 200C, those workingwith fluoropolymer resins shall ensure that the tobacco is notcontaminated.)8. Test Methods8.1 Melting Characteristics by Thermal Analysis:8.1.1 Significance
35、 and UseMost of the PTFE resins thatfall within the scope of this classification have never beenmelted.An exception is Group 01 Class 6 micronized powders.However, these micronized powders generally do not havehigher melting peak temperatures upon initial melting thanupon second or subsequent meltin
36、gs. Except for Group 01Class 4 and 5 powder, melting-peak temperatures cannot beused to determine whether the PTFE resins have been meltedpreviously. Melting peak temperatures are used to determinethe conformance of a micronized powder to the melting peaktemperature requirements given in Table 1 of
37、this classifica-tion.8.1.2 ApparatusUse the apparatus described in TestMethod D4591.8.1.3 ProcedureMeasure the melting peak temperatures inaccordance with the procedures given in Test Method D4591.An initial melting peak temperature above the melting peaktemperature obtained on the second and subseq
38、uent melting(defined as the second melting peak temperature) probablyindicates that the PTFE resin is Group 01, Classes 5 and 6micronized powder. The second melting peak temperatureoccurs at approximately 327C (621F). The difference be-tween the initial and second melting peak temperatures isusually
39、 greater than 5C (9F) but might be slightly less. Thereis no significant difference between the initial and secondmelting peak temperatures for all of the other fluoropolymermicronized powders. If peak temperatures are difficult todiscern from the curves because the peaks are rounded, straightlines
40、shall be drawn tangent to the sides of the peak. The peaktemperature shall be taken to be where these lines intersectbeyond the peak.8.2 Melt Flow Rate:8.2.1 Test MethodDetermine the melt flow rate at 372 61C using a modification of the extrusion plastometer de-scribed in Test Method D1238. Measure
41、flow rate using a loadof 5000 or 10000 g.8.2.2 ApparatusThe apparatus shall consist of an extru-sion plastometer, described in Test Method D1238, modified byuse of corrosion-resistant6alloy for the barrel lining, orifice,orifice securing device, and piston tip.8.2.3 Measurement of Flow RateProceed i
42、n accordancewith Test Method D1238 using the appropriate sample weightand testing time from Table 2 of Test Method D1238. The testtemperature shall be 372 6 1C and the load of 5000 or 10000g in accordance with Table 1 of this classification.8.3 Specific GravityMeasure specific gravity using theproce
43、dures described in Test Method A of Test Method D854,except use Isopar K7instead of water in order to provide properwetting of the powder.8.4 Water Content:8.4.1 Significance and UseThe presence of an excessiveamount of water in fluoropolymer resin has a significantadverse effect on the processing c
44、haracteristics of the resin andthe quality of the products made using the resin. A sample ofthe powder of known weight is dried in a vacuum oven in atared aluminum weighing dish. When the powder is dry, it isremoved from the oven, placed in a desiccator, allowed to cool,and then reweighed. The water
45、 content is calculated from theweight lost during drying.8.4.2 ApparatusUse the apparatus described in Specifica-tion D4895.8.5 Particle SizeMeasure particle size using the proce-dures described in Test Method D4464, except use methanolinstead of water.8.6 Surface AreaMeasure surface area using the
46、proce-dures described in Test Method D4567, except use a 20-mindegas period at 200C rather than 60 min at 300C.8.7 Bulk DensityMeasure bulk density using the proce-dures described in Specification D4895.9. Inspection and Certification9.1 Inspection and certification of the material supplied withrefe
47、rence to a specification based on this classification systemshall be for conformance to the requirements specified herein.9.2 Lot acceptance shall be the basis on which acceptance orrejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptance inspection shallconsist of particle size determination.9.3 Periodic c
48、heck inspection with reference to a specifica-tion based on this classification system shall consist of the tests6“Stellite” Grade No. 18, Stellite Division of Cabot Corp., Kokomo, IN 46901,and “Duranickel” No. 301, Huntington Alloy Co., Huntington, WV 25720, havebeen found to be resistant to fluoro
49、carbon resins.7Isopar is available from Exxon Co. and is also used in Specification D4895.D5675 13 (2018)3for all requirements of the material under the specification.Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure the material iscertifiable in accordance with 9.4.9.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufacturedby a process in statistical control, sampled, tested, and in-spected in accordance with this classification system, and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of thespecification (line call
