1、Designation: D5967 12Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure forevaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics,including viscos
3、ity increase and soot concentrations (loading).2This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for runningan extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to asthe T-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonlyreferred to as T
4、-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8Aare identical to the T-8 with the exception of the itemsspecifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively.Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in Annex A8and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8procedure.1.3 The value
5、s stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct SI equivalentsuch as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, sole source equipment suppliers, and oilconsumption
6、in grams per kilowatthour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations pr
7、ior to use. See Annex A6 forspecific safety precautions.1.5 A Table of Contents follows:Scope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Description 6.1The Test Engine 6.2Mack Test Engine 6.2.1Engine Cooling System 6.2.2Engine Oil System 6.2.
8、3Auxiliary Oil System 6.2.4Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.5Blowby Meter 6.2.6Air Supply and Filtration 6.2.7Fuel Supply 6.2.8Intake Manifold Temperature Control 6.2.9Engine Fluids 7Test Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus at Rebuild 8Cleaning of Parts 8.1Va
9、lves, Seats, Guides, and Springs 8.2Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly 8.3Injectors and Injection Pump 8.4Assembly Instructions 8.5Measurements 8.6Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-ReferenceRequirements9Calibration Frequency 9.1Calibration Reference Oils 9.2Test Numberin
10、g 9.3New Laboratories and New Test Stands 9.4Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands 9.5Calibration Test Acceptance 9.6Failing Calibration Tests 9.7Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements 9.8Procedure 10Pretest Procedure 10.1Engine Start-Up 10.2Engine Shutdown 10.3Test Cycle 10.4Oil Addition/Drain 10.5O
11、il Samples 10.6Oil Consumption Calculations 10.7Fuel Samples 10.8Periodic Measurements 10.9Blowby 10.10Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Gain 10.111This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.02
12、 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published June 2012. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D596711. DOI:10.1520/D5967-12.2The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method bymeans of Information Letters. This e
13、dition incorporates revisions contained in allinformation letters through 111. Information letters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489,Attention: Administrator.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright AS
14、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Oil Filter DP Calculation 10.12Post Test 10.13Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test 11Oil Inspection 11.1Fuel Inspections 11.2Oil Consumption 11.3Report 12Reporting Test Results 12.1Deviations from
15、 Test Operational Limits 12.2Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3Plots of Operational Data 12.4Precision and Bias 13Precision 13.1Bias 13.2Keywords 14AnnexesReport Forms Annex A1Sensor Locations Annex A2Kinematic Viscosity At 100C For Test Method D5967 Samples Annex A3Enhanced Thermal Gravim
16、etric Analysis (TGA) Procedure Annex A4Procurement of Test Materials Annex A5Safety Precautions Annex A6Data Dictionary Annex A7T-8E Extended Length Test Requirements Annex A8T-8A Abbreviated Length Test Requirements Annex A92. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation
17、 of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petrol
18、eum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions f
19、or GlassCapillary Kinematic ViscometersD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ofPetroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD976 Test Me
20、thod for Calculated Cetane Index of DistillateFuelsD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of DistillateFuel Oil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 T
21、est Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in MiddleDistillate Fuels by CentrifugeD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Rela
22、ting to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API ServiceCategory Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by FourV
23、ariable EquationD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in BaseOils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic EmissionSpectrometry (ICP-AES)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur
24、 inLight Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, DieselEngine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Contain-ing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector ApparatusD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-12 Exhaust Gas Reci
25、rculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 SAE Standard:4SAE J1995 Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition andCompression IgnitionGross Power Rating3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil
26、, the identity ofwhich is unknown by the test facility. D41753.1.2 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that por-tion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixturethat leaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase duringoperation.3.1.3 calibrate, vto determine the indication or ou
27、tput ofa device (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respectto that of a standard.3.1.4 heavy-duty, adjin internal combustion engine op-eration, characterized by average speeds, power output, andinternal temperatures that are close to the potential maximums.D44853.1.5 heavy-duty engine, nin i
28、nternal combustion enginetypes, one that is designed to allow operation continuously at orclose to its peak output.3.1.6 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a referenceoil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi-date oil. D41753.1.7 non-standard test, na test that is not conduct
29、ed inconformance with the requirements in the standard testmethod, such as running on an uncalibrated test stand, using3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer
30、to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.D5967 122different test equipment, applying different equipment assem-bly procedures, or using modified operating conditions.D41753.1.8 oxidatio
31、n, nof engine oil, the reaction of the oil withan electron acceptor, generally oxygen, that can producedeleterious acidic or resinous materials often manifested assludge formation, varnish formation, viscosity increase, orcorrosion, or a combination thereof.3.1.9 reference oil, nan oil of known perf
32、ormance char-acteristics, used as a basis for comparison. D41753.1.9.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibratetesting facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, orto evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact withoils.3.1.10 sludge, nin internal combustion engines, a de
33、posit,principally composed of insoluble resins and oxidation prod-ucts from fuel combustion and the lubricant, that does not drainfrom engine parts but can be removed by wiping with a cloth.D41753.1.11 standard test, na test on a calibrated test stand,using the prescribed equipment that is assembled
34、 according tothe requirements in the test method, and conducted accordingto the specified operating conditions.3.1.12 varnish, nin internal combustion engines, a hard,dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be removed by solventsbut not by wiping with a cloth. D41753.1.13 wear, nthe loss of materia
35、l from a surface, gener-ally occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, andresulting from mechanical or chemical action, or a combinationof both. D74224. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test operation involves use of a Mack E7-350 dieselengine with a warm-up,a2hflush for each test, and then ac
36、onstant speed and load conditions that are held for theremainder of the test. Reference oil test length is 300 h.Non-reference oil test length is 250 h.4.2 Oil samples are taken periodically and analyzed forviscosity increase.4.3 Engine rebuild frequency is based on the degradation oftest parameters
37、 and is left to the discretion of the testlaboratory. At rebuild, the power section of the engine isdisassembled, solvent-cleaned, measured, and rebuilt, using allnew pistons, rings, cylinder liners, and valve guides, in strictaccordance with furnished specifications.4.4 The engine crankcase is solv
38、ent-cleaned, and worn ordefective parts are replaced.4.5 The test stand is equipped with appropriate accessoriesfor controlling speed, load, and various engine operatingconditions.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the visco-metric performance of engine oils in tur
39、bocharged and inter-cooled four-cycle diesel engines. Results are obtained fromused oil analysis.5.2 The test method is used for engine oil specificationacceptance when all details of the procedure are followed.6. Apparatus6.1 General Description:6.1.1 The test engine is a Mack E7-350 mechanicallygo
40、verned engine, P/N 11GBA77623 (see Annex A5). It is anopen-chamber, in-line, six-cylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged,charge air-cooled, compression ignition engine. The bore andstroke are (124 by 165) mm, and the displacement is 12 L. Theengine is rated at 261 kW at 1800 r/min governed speed (seeSAE
41、 J1995).6.1.2 The ambient laboratory atmosphere should be rela-tively free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants as required byTABLE 1 PC-9 Reference Diesel FuelProperty Test Method MinAMaxASulfur, mass % D2622 0.04 0.05Gravity, API D287 or D4052 34.5 36.5 (37)Hydrocarbon composition, % volAromatics
42、 D1319 (FIA) (27) 28 33Olefin D1319 (FIA) ReportCetane number D613 40 (42) 48Cetane index D976 and D4737 ReportCopper strip corrosion D130 1Flash point, C D93 54Pour point, C D97 18Cloud point, C D2500 ReportCarbon residue on 10 %residuum, mass %D524 (10 %bottoms)0.35Water and sediment, vol % D2709
43、0.05Viscosity, mm2/s at 40 C D445 2.4 3.0Ash, mass % D482 0.005Acid number D664 0.05Strong acid number D664 0.00Accelerated stability D2274 ReportDistillation, C D86IBP Report10 % vol Report50 % vol Report90 % vol 282 338EP ReportAMin and max numbers in parentheses are EPA Certification Fuel Specifi
44、cations.D5967 123good laboratory standards. Additionally, it is recommendedthat the atmosphere in the engine buildup area be filtered andcontrolled for temperature and humidity to prevent accumula-tion of dirt or dust on engine parts. Uniform temperaturecontrol will also aid in measuring and selecti
45、ng parts forassembly.6.1.3 Use the low sulfur reference diesel fuel shown inTable 1.6.2 The Test Engine:6.2.1 Mack Test EngineThe engine is available fromMack Trucks, Inc.Acomplete parts list is shown in TableA5.1.6.2.2 Engine Cooling System:6.2.2.1 A new Mack coolant conditioner shown in TableA5.1
46、is required every test to limit scaling in the coolingsystem. Pressurize the system at the expansion tank to 103 kPa.6.2.2.2 Use a closed-loop, pressurized external engine cool-ing system composed of a nonferrous core heat exchanger,reservoir, and water-out temperature control valve. The systemshoul
47、d prevent air entrainment and control jacket temperatureswithin the specified limit. Install a sight glass between theengine and the cooling tower to check for air entrainment anduniform flow in an effort to prevent localized boiling. Block thethermostat wide open.6.2.3 Engine Oil SystemA schematic
48、of the engine oilsystem is shown in Fig. A2.9.6.2.4 Auxiliary Oil SystemTo maintain a constant oil levelin the pan, a separate closed tank is connected to the sump thatprovides an additional 9.5 L sump. Circulate oil through thetank with an auxiliary pump at a rate of (5.7 6 1.9) L/min. Atypical aux
49、iliary oil system is shown in Fig. A2.9. The No. 6and No. 8 Aeroquip5lines should have inside diameters of 10mm and 13 mm, respectively. The vent line size is specified asa minimum No. 8 line size. Equivalent lines may be substitutedfor Aeroquip lines provided they have the proper insidediameters.6.2.5 Crankcase AspirationA simple squirrel cage blowerwill suffice to control crankcase pressure within the test limits.6.2.6 Blowby MeterUse a displacement type gas meter, orequivalent, to measure blowby.6.2.7 Air Supply and FiltrationUse an intake air fil
