1、Designation: D5967 12aD5967 13Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics, inclu
3、dingviscosity increase and soot concentrations (loading).2 This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for running an extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to as theT-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonly ref
4、erred to as T-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8Aare identicalto the T-8 with the exception of the items specifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively. Additionally, the proceduremodifications listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8 procedur
5、e.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct SI equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters,tubing size, sole source equipment suppliers, an
6、d oil consumption in grams per kilowatt-hour.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulat
7、orylimitations prior to use. See Annex A6 for specific safety precautions.1.5 A Table of Contents follows:Scope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General Description 6.1The Test Engine 6.2Mack Test Engine 6.2.1Engine Cooling System 6.2.2Engi
8、ne Oil System 6.2.3Auxiliary Oil System 6.2.4Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.5Blowby Meter 6.2.6Air Supply and Filtration 6.2.7Fuel Supply 6.2.8Intake Manifold Temperature Control 6.2.9Engine Fluids 7Test Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus at Rebuild 8Clean
9、ing of Parts 8.1Valves, Seats, Guides, and Springs 8.2Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly 8.3Injectors and Injection Pump 8.4Assembly Instructions 8.5Measurements 8.61 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct
10、 responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.02on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012May 1, 2013. Published March 2013May 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asD5967D5967 12a.12. DOI: 10.1520/D5967-12A.10.1520/D5967-13.2 The ASTM Test Monitori
11、ng Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. This edition incorporates revisions contained in allinformation letters through 111.121. Information letters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAvenue, Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489,Attention:Adm
12、inistrator.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consul
13、t prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P
14、A 19428-2959. United States1Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-ReferenceRequirements9Calibration Frequency 9.1Calibration Reference Oils 9.2Test Numbering 9.3New Laboratories and New Test Stands 9.4Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands 9.5Calibration Test Acceptance 9.6Failing Calibr
15、ation Tests 9.7Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements 9.8Procedure 10Pretest Procedure 10.1Engine Start-Up 10.2Engine Shutdown 10.3Test Cycle 10.4Oil Addition/Drain 10.5Oil Samples 10.6Oil Consumption Calculations 10.7Fuel Samples 10.8Periodic Measurements 10.9Blowby 10.10Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Ga
16、in 10.11Oil Filter P Calculation 10.12Post Test 10.13Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test 11Oil Inspection 11.1Fuel Inspections 11.2Oil Consumption 11.3Report 12Reporting Test Results 12.1Deviations from Test Operational Limits 12.2Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3Plots of Operational D
17、ata 12.4Precision and Bias 13Precision 13.1Bias 13.2Keywords 14AnnexesReport Forms Annex A1Sensor Locations Annex A2Kinematic Viscosity At 100C For Test Method D5967 Samples Annex A3Enhanced Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Procedure Annex A4Procurement of Test Materials Annex A5Safety Precautions
18、 Annex A6Data Dictionary Annex A7T-8E Extended Length Test Requirements Annex A8T-8A Abbreviated Length Test Requirements Annex A92. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Marten
19、s Closed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petro
20、leum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass Capillary Kinematic ViscometersD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD524
21、 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate FuelsD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Typ
22、es in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescenc
23、e Spectrometry3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.D5967 132D2709 Test Method for Water and Sedime
24、nt in Middle Distillate Fuels by CentrifugeD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and LubricantsD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispers
25、ive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable EquationD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and
26、Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD6278 Test Method fo
27、r Shear Stability of Polymer Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector ApparatusD7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications2.2 SAE St
28、andard:4SAE J1995 Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition and Compression IgnitionGross Power Rating3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity of which is unknown by the test facility. D41753.1.2 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that portion of the c
29、ombustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture thatleaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation.3.1.3 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of a device (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respect to thatof a standard.3.1.4 heavy-duty, adjin internal combus
30、tion engine operation, characterized by average speeds, power output, and internaltemperatures that are close to the potential maximums. D44853.1.5 heavy-duty engine, nin internal combustion engine types, one that is designed to allow operation continuously at or closeto its peak output.3.1.6 non-re
31、ference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D41753.1.7 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted in conformance with the requirements in the standard test method, suchas running on an uncalibrated test stand, using differe
32、nt test equipment, applying different equipment assembly procedures, or usingmodified operating conditions. D41753.1.8 oxidation, nof engine oil, the reaction of the oil with an electron acceptor, generally oxygen, that can produce deleteriousacidic or resinous materials often manifested as sludge f
33、ormation, varnish formation, viscosity increase, or corrosion, or acombination thereof.3.1.9 reference oil, nan oil of known performance characteristics, used as a basis for comparison. D41753.1.9.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibrate testing facilities, to compare the performance of othe
34、r oils, or to evaluate other materials (suchas seals) that interact with oils.3.1.10 sludge, nin internal combustion engines, a deposit, principally composed of insoluble resins and oxidation productsfrom fuel combustion and the lubricant, that does not drain from engine parts but can be removed by
35、wiping with a cloth. D41753.1.11 standard test, na test on a calibrated test stand, using the prescribed equipment that is assembled according to therequirements in the test method, and conducted according to the specified operating conditions.3.1.12 varnish, nin internal combustion engines, a hard,
36、 dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be removed by solvents butnot by wiping with a cloth. D41753.1.13 wear, nthe loss of material from a surface, generally occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, and resultingfrom mechanical or chemical action, or a combination of both. D74224 Avail
37、able from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.D5967 1334. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test operation involves use of a Mack E7-350 diesel engine with a warm-up, a 2 h flush for each test, and then a constantspeed and torque conditions that are held fo
38、r the remainder of the test. Reference oil test length is 300 h. Non-reference oil testlength is 250 h.4.2 Oil samples are taken periodically and analyzed for viscosity increase.4.3 Engine rebuild frequency is based on the degradation of test parameters and is left to the discretion of the test labo
39、ratory.At rebuild, the power section of the engine is disassembled, solvent-cleaned, measured, and rebuilt, using all new pistons, rings,cylinder liners, and valve guides, in strict accordance with furnished specifications.4.4 The engine crankcase is solvent-cleaned, and worn or defective parts are
40、replaced.4.5 The test stand is equipped with appropriate accessories for controlling speed, load, and various engine operating conditions.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the viscometric performance of engine oils in turbocharged and intercooledfour-cycle diesel
41、engines. Results are obtained from used oil analysis.5.2 The test method is used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of the procedure are followed.6. Apparatus6.1 General Description:6.1.1 The test engine is a Mack E7-350 mechanically governed engine, P/N 11GBA77623 (see Annex A
42、5). It is anopen-chamber, in-line, six-cylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged, charge air-cooled, compression ignition engine. The bore and strokeare (124 by 165) mm, and the displacement is 12 L. The engine is rated at 261 kW at 1800 r/min governed speed (see SAE J1995).6.1.2 The ambient laboratory at
43、mosphere should be relatively free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants as required by goodlaboratory standards. Additionally, it is recommended that the atmosphere in the engine buildup area be filtered and controlled fortemperature and humidity to prevent accumulation of dirt or dust on engine pa
44、rts. Uniform temperature control will also aid inmeasuring and selecting parts for assembly.6.1.3 Use the low sulfur reference diesel fuel shown in Table 1.6.2 The Test Engine:6.2.1 Mack Test EngineThe engine is available from Mack Trucks, Inc. A complete parts list is shown in Table A5.1.6.2.2 Engi
45、ne Cooling System:6.2.2.1 A new Mack coolant conditioner shown in Table A5.1 is required every test to limit scaling in the cooling system.Pressurize the system at the expansion tank to 103 kPa.TABLE 1 PC-9PC-9-HS Reference Diesel FuelProperty Test Method MinA MaxASulfur, mass % D2622 0.04 0.05Gravi
46、ty, API D287 or D4052 34.5 36.5 (37)Hydrocarbon composition, % volAromatics D1319 (FIA) (27) 28 33Olefin D1319 (FIA) ReportCetane number D613 40 (42) 48Cetane index D976 and D4737 ReportCopper strip corrosion D130 1Flash point, C D93 54Pour point, C D97 18Cloud point, C D2500 ReportCarbon residue on
47、 10 %residuum, mass %D524 (10 % bot-toms)0.35Water and sediment, vol % D2709 0.05Viscosity, mm2/s at 40 C D445 2.4 3.0Ash, mass % D482 0.005Acid number D664 0.05Strong acid number D664 0.00Accelerated stability D2274 ReportDistillation, C D86IBP Report10 % vol Report50 % vol Report90 % vol 282 338EP
48、 ReportA Min and max numbers in parentheses are EPA Certification Fuel Specifications.D5967 1346.2.2.2 Use a closed-loop, pressurized external engine cooling system composed of a nonferrous core heat exchanger, reservoir,and water-out temperature control valve. The system should prevent air entrainm
49、ent and control jacket temperatures within thespecified limit. Install a sight glass between the engine and the cooling tower to check for air entrainment and uniform flow in aneffort to prevent localized boiling. Block the thermostat wide open.6.2.3 Engine Oil SystemA schematic of the engine oil system is shown in Fig. A2.9.6.2.4 Auxiliary Oil SystemTo maintain a constant oil level in the pan, a separate closed tank is connected to the sump thatprovides an additional 9.5 L sump. Circulate oil through the tank with an auxiliary pump at a rate o
