1、Designation: D7513 09D7513 17Standard Test Method forCapacity of Mixed Bed Ion Exchange Cartridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7513; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the performance of mixed bed ion exchange resin cartridges in the active formwhen used
3、 for deionization. The test can be used to determine the initial capacity of unused cartridges or the remaining capacityof used cartridges. In this case performance is defined as ion exchange capacity (or throughput) to two defined endpoints. Themethod does not measure organics and does not attempt
4、to determine the ultimate water quality attainable by the cartridge.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
5、 It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationest
6、ablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivit
7、y of WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3375 Test Method for Column Capacity of Particulate Mixed Bed IonExchange MaterialsD5391 Test Method for Elect
8、rical Conductivity and Resistivity of a Flowing High Purity Water Sample3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions: For definitions of terms related to water, refer to Terminology D1129.3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This t
9、est method consists of exhausting a cartridge of mixed bed ion exchange material to a specific end point with aninfluent solution of known composition and volume.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method can be used to evaluate unused mixed bed ion exchange cartridges for conformance to specificat
10、ions.5.2 This test method provides for the calculation of capacity in terms of the volume of water treated to a conductivity end point.5.3 The test method as written assumes that the ion exchange resins in the cartridge are either partially or fully converted tothe H+ or OH- form. Regeneration of th
11、e resins is not part of this method.5.4 This test method provides for the calculation of capacity on a cartridge basis.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion ExchangeMaterials.Current ed
12、ition approved March 15, 2009June 1, 2017. Published April 2009June 2017. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7513 09. DOI: 10.1520/D7513-09.10.1520/D7513-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at se
13、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version
14、. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International,
15、 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.5 This test method may be used to test different size mixed bed resin cartridges. The flow rate of test water and the frequencyof sampling are varied to compensate for the approximate volume of resin in the test c
16、artridge.6. Apparatus6.1 Test Assembly (Fig. 1) , ), consisting of the following:6.1.1 Cartridge, and pressure vessel, if required. Connections shall be provided at the top and the bottom for the admission andremoval of the ion exchange test water as described in 7.37.4.2.6.1.2 Test solution tank. A
17、dequate means of regulating and measuring flow through the cartridge shall be provided. If the testflow rate (8.1) can not be obtained by gravity feed, then a pump should be used.6.1.3 Measuring circuit and in-line conductivity cells shall be as described in Test Methods D1125 or D5391. A continuous
18、recorder is recommended.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that allreagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, wheresu
19、ch specifications are available.3 Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently highpurity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterAll reference to water in this test method shall be understood to mean
20、Reagent Water Type I or IIconforming to Specification D1193.7.3 Ammonium Hydroxide Solution (1+19)Carefully pour 50 mL of concentrated ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH, sp gr 0.90)into 500 mL of water, stirring constantly. Cool to 25 6 5C and dilute to 1 L with water. Mix well.7.4 Ion Exchange Test Water (
21、10 meq/L, or 500 ppm as CaCOD (10 meq/L)3)Prepare a test water containing, in eachlitre:litre, 0.585 g of oven-dried (105C) sodium chloride (NaCl).Approximately 25 Lof this solution are required for a single test.7.4.1 0.294 g of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaClTo standardize for chloride content, p
22、ipet three 100-mL portions. Add onedrop of methyl orange indicator solution and one drop of phenolphthalein indicator solution to each and neutralize, if required, bydropwise addition of HNO3 (1+9) until the color changes from yellow to orange followed by dropwise addition of NH4OH (1+19)to restore
23、the yellow color. Pipet in 1 mLof K2-2HCrO24O), solution (50 g/L) and titrate each with standard 0.1 NAgNO3 solutionuntil the color of the supernatant solution changes from yellow to red-orange and persists for 30 s with vigorous swirling. Recordthe average number of millilitres of AgNO3 solution us
24、ed to 60.02 mL.3 Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed bythe American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United
25、 States Pharmacopeia and NationalFormulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.FIG. 1 Typical Apparatus for Performance Testing of Mixed-Bed Ion Exchange CartridgesD7513 1727.4.2 0.336 g of oven-dried (105C) sodium bicarbonate (NaHCOCalculate the strength of the solution in me
26、q of3), and chlorideas follows:Chloride, meqL5V 3N 310 (1)where:V = millilitres of AgNO3 solution required for titration, andN = normality of the AgNO3 solution.The test solution used should have a concentration of 10 6 0.5 meq/L of chloride.NOTE 1Because of the large quantities of this reagent that
27、 are required, it is usually made up semi-quantitatively in large batches and thenstandardized per the above procedure. If desired, it is acceptable to prepare this reagent quantitatively (as for a primary standard) and then eliminate theabove standardization.7.3.3 0.120 g of oven-dried (105C) anhyd
28、rous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4).7.5 Methyl Orange Indicator Solution (1.0 g/L)A single test requires approximately 50 L of this solution for each litre ofmixed bed ion exchange resin that a cartridge contains. Dissolve 0.10 g of methyl orange in water and dilute to 100 mLwith water.7.6 Nitric Acid (1
29、+9)Pour one volume of nitric acid (HNO3, sp gr 1.42) into nine volumes of water and mix thoroughly.7.7 Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution (10.0 g/L)Dissolve 1.0 g of phenolphthalein in 100 mL of 95 % ethanol.NOTE 2In most cases certain denatured alcohols such as specially denatured Formula Nos. 3A,
30、30, or 2B may be substituted for ethanol.7.8 Potassium Chromate Solution (50 g/L)Dissolve 5.0 g of potassium chromate (K2CrO4) in 50 mL of water. Dilute to 100mL with water.7.9 Silver Nitrate Solution, Standard (0.10 N)Dry crystalline silver nitrate (AgNO3) at 105C for 1 h and cool in a desiccator.W
31、eigh out 17 6 0.05 g. Transfer to a 1-L volumetric flask with water. Dissolve in 500 mL of water and mix thoroughly. Diluteto 1 L with water at 25 6 5C. Mix well. Store the solution in a tightly stoppered amber glass bottle.7.9.1 To standardize, dry approximately 5 g of reagent sodium chloride (NaCl
32、) in a glass container at 105C for 2 h. Cool ina desiccator. Weigh accurately three 0.2500 6 0.0100-g portions of the dried NaCl and transfer to separate 250-mL conical flasks.Add 100 mLof water and swirl to dissolve the NaCl. Pipet in 1 mLof K2CrO 4 solution (50 g/L) and titrate with the 0.1 NAgNO3
33、solution with vigorous swirling until the color of the solution changes from yellow to red-orange and persists for 30 s.7.9.2 Calculate the normality of the AgNO3 solution as follows:N 5D0.058453E (2)where:N = normality of the AgNO3 solution,D = actual weight of NaCl used, andE = millilitres of AgNO
34、3 solution used.8. Procedure8.1 Measure the outside diameter and length of the ion exchange cartridge. Calculate the overall cartridge volume (in litres) asfollows:Vc 5 piD2L4!1000! (3)where:where:D = the cartridge diameter, in cmL = the cartridge length, in cmD = the cartridge diameter, in cm, andL
35、 = the cartridge length, in cm.8.2 Using the cartridge volume calculated in 8.1, calculate the test flow rate (in mL/min) as follows:Q 5300Vc (4)where:where:Vc = cartridge volume, in litresVc = cartridge volume, in litres.NOTE 3For multitube cartridges the volume is the sum of the volumes of all the
36、 tubes.D7513 1738.3 Slowly introduce reagent water at the bottom of the cartridge until the cartridge is full to expel air. Allow water to standin the cartridge for 124 hours to “condition” the resin prior to the test.8.4 Slowly introduce test water. Increase the flow rate Q to the value determined
37、in 9.1, adjusting the rate as required with avalve or other flow restriction in the effluent line.8.5 Measure and record the effluent conductivity each volumetric increment equal to 2 Vc. Continue until the 1.0 S/cm valueis reached, then record the volume of test water processed to a 1.0 S/cm endpoi
38、nt (V1) in litres.8.6 After reaching 1.0 S/cm, take conductivity readings every 0.5Vc until a reading greater than 50.0 S/cm (20 000 ohm-cm)is obtained.8.7 Continue the readings every minute until two successive product conductivity readings exceed 50.0 S/cm (20 000ohm-cm). Stop the flow of test wat
39、er and record the total test volume corresponding to the first of two successive 50.0 S/cmreadings as the total volume (VT) of test water used, in litres.9. Calculation9.1 The operating capacity is calculated on a cartridge basis using a conductivity end point.9.2 Calculate the operating capacity to
40、 the conductivity end point as follows:Capacity,meq/cartridge5C 3VT (5)Capacity, meq/cartridge 5C 3VT (5)where:where:C = concentration of total electrolytes in the test water expressed in milliequivalents per litre as described in 7.3, andC = concentration of total electrolytes in the test water exp
41、ressed in milliequivalents per litre as described in 7.4.2, andVT = volume of test water used, per cartridge, litres.This capacity may be converted to other measurement units as desired.NOTE 4Other end points may be agreed upon. When this is done the species and level selected should be specified wi
42、th the results.10. Report10.1 The report of results of this test method should include not only the capacity as calculated above but the end point used.For certification purposes the averaging of results from three separate samples is customary.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The precision and bias for t
43、his method is expected to be the same as for Test Method D3375, upon which it is based. Thecollaborative study for Test Method D3375 involved six laboratories, six operators, and three replicate determinations on onematerial, IRN-150 mixed bed resin.11.2 The single-operator precision, in a given lab
44、oratory, for this test method is equal to 62.3 % of the column capacityexpressed as milliequivalents per cartridge.11.3 The precision of this test method, within its designated range, may be expressed as follows:ST 50.16820.0208X (6)where:where:ST = overall precision in meq/mL, andX = mixed bed cart
45、ridge capacity expressed as meq/mL for a conductivity end point.11.4 Bias cannot be determined as in Test Method D3375 since known standards are not available.12. Quality Control12.1 In the analysis of ion exchange resins, it is not possible to prepare a known standard resin for comparison with the
46、actualsamples. Therefore it is impossible to test the accuracy of the results, and the method does not include a bias statement.12.2 Analysts are expected to run replicate samples to determine if the results are within the expected precision stated in Section11.12.3 Analysis of the cartridge effluen
47、t is subject to the quality control requirements of the referenced analytical method.D7513 17413. Keywords13.1 cartridge capacity; conductivity; ion exchange; mixed bed cartridgeASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item men
48、tionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee
49、 and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted
