1、Designation: E1730 09Standard Specification forRigid Foam for Use in Structural Sandwich Panel Cores1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1730; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers rigid, closed cell, po
3、lyurethaneand polyisocyanurate thermal insulation for sandwich panelsused in shelter construction for exposure to ambient tempera-tures of 25 to 160F (32 to 71C). Painted surfaces ofshelters in actual field use reach temperatures of 200F (93C).The materials in this specification must be capable of w
4、ith-standing processing, (laminating) temperatures of 110C(230F).1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion
5、, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tion
6、s prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot
7、-Plate ApparatusC273 Test Method for Shear Properties of Sandwich CoreMaterialsC366/C366M Test Methods for Measurement of Thicknessof Sandwich CoresC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat
8、 Flow Meter ApparatusC550 Test Method for Measuring Trueness and Squarenessof Rigid Block and Board Thermal InsulationD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties Of RigidCellular PlasticsD1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD1623 Test
9、Method for Tensile and Tensile Adhesion Prop-erties of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD2856 Test Method for Open-Cell Content of Rigid Cellu-lar Plastics by the Air Pycnometer32.2 Code of Federal Regulations Aeronautics and S
10、pace:14 CFR 25.853 (Federal Air Regulation 25.853) Compart-ment Interior (Amend. 25-72)42.3 Federal Standard:QQ-A-250/11 Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6 Plate and Sheet52.4 Military Standards:MIL STD 105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by Attributes52.5 Other Documents:6Aircraft Materials Fire
11、 Test Handbook DOT/FAA/AR-00/12Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) 25.8531This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is under the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE06.53 on Materials and Processes for Durable Rigidwall Relocatable Structures.C
12、urrent edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1730 04. DOI:10.1520/E1730-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Boo
13、k of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Ma
14、il Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.6Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr.,
15、 Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terms used in this specification aredefined in Terminologies C168 and D883.4. Classification
16、4.1 The unfaced foam thermal insulation boards covered bythis specification are classified as follows:4.1.1 Type 1Nominal density: 32 kg/m3(2.0 lb/ft3).4.1.2 Type 2Nominal density: 48 kg/m3(3.0 lb/ft3).4.1.3 Type 3Nominal density: 64 kg/m3(4.0 lb/ft3).4.1.4 Type 4Nominal density: 192 kg/m3(12.0 lb/f
17、t3).5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for materials purchased under this specificationshall include the following:5.1.1 Designation of this specification,5.1.2 Product name and type, or both,5.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances,5.1.4 Impact resistance test specimen preparation,5.1.5 Material marking requ
18、irements, and5.1.6 Packaging requirements.6. Foam6.1 The morphology of the insulation shall consist of amultitude of individual cells of uniform size and dimension,essentially closed off from each other, homogeneous through-out, free of voids, accumulations of unexpanded material,foreign inclusions,
19、 or seams (see Table 1).7. Dimensions and Tolerances7.1 The dimensions, squareness, and tolerances shall bespecified by the purchaser.8. Qualification8.1 When required by the purchaser, materials suppliedunder this specification must be tested for and meet theproperties listed in Table 2. Having a q
20、ualified product does notobviate the supplier from continued, ongoing product compli-ance with all requirements to this specification.8.2 In addition to meeting the requirements of the testsstipulated in Table 2 as manufactured, the compressive, tensile,and shear properties must also meet these requ
21、irements afterhaving been preconditioned for4hat110C (230F), andallowed to equilibrate in accordance with 11.2.8.3 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, qualifiedmaterials remain qualified as long as there are no changes inproduct formulation, critical raw materials, that is, isocyanatesand p
22、olyols, basic methods of manufacture, or plant location.9. Acceptance9.1 Lot Size for Acceptance TestingFor the purpose ofacceptance testing a lot is defined as a single, identifiable,production run using raw materials from a single batch.9.2 Acceptance Testing (Physical Properties)A represen-tative
23、 sample shall be selected from each foam lot and testedfor the following physical properties:Property Requirement MethodDensity Table 2 12.1Compressive strength Table 2 12.3Shear strength Table 2 12.5Flame resistance Table 2 12.89.3 Sampling for Acceptance (Examination):9.3.1 Samples for quality con
24、formance examination shall beselected in accordance with Inspection Level II of MIL-STD 105.9.3.2 When the conditions for reduced inspection specifiedin MIL STD 105 have been complied with, a reduced samplingin lieu of full sampling shall be instituted. Sampling forreduced inspection shall be in acc
25、ordance with Practice C390(Inspection Level S-2 of MIL STD 105).9.4 Examination:9.4.1 Samples selected in accordance with 9.3 shall beexamined for characteristics listed in Table 1.9.4.2 Visual examination shall consist of scanning for sur-face characteristics.9.4.3 Dimensional measurements shall be
26、 made with cali-pers, rules, and tape rules as appropriate to the specifiedtolerances. In cases of dispute or when specifically invoked bythe purchaser, the methodology and procedures of Test MethodC366/C366M or Test Method C550 shall be utilized.9.4.4 The Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) for major ch
27、ar-acteristics shall be 1.0 % and for minor characteristics shall be2.5 %.9.4.5 Seams (see Table 1) are defined as: a plane ofundermixed material, or a fold which developed within therising foam mass that reduces the tensile strength of the foam.When viewed normal to a cut sheet, a seam appears as a
28、 line onthe foam surface. This condition must be differentiated fromsimple discoloration (arising from the same causes but not aspronounced) that have no appreciable effect on foam strength.This condition shall be evaluated by taking a sample, (not toexceed 51 mm (2 in.) thick from the sheet and ben
29、ding it overa 305 mm (12 in.) cylinder to failure. If the failure planefollows the discontinuity then the discontinuity shall be con-sidered a seam.10. Physical Property Requirements10.1 The rigid, cellular polyurethane or polyisocyanuratefoam shall have limiting property values as shown in Table 2.
30、11. Test Preconditioning11.1 A period of at least 72 h must elapse from the time offoam manufacture until the cutting of any test specimens.TABLE 1 Classification of CharacteristicsCharacteristic Major MinorMethod ofInspectionLength, width, and thickness X . 9.4.3Edge squareness X . 9.4.3Holes throu
31、gh board exceeding 40 mm2for each 92900 mm2(0.0625 in.2for each square foot) of areaX . 9.4.2Crushed foam X . 9.4.2Voids larger than 40 mm (0.0625 in.2) X . 9.4.2Unexpanded material . X 9.4.2Foreign inclusions . X 9.4.2Contaminants . X 9.4.2Seams X . 9.4.5E1730 09211.2 Unless otherwise specified, by
32、 the purchaser, the testspecimens shall be conditioned at 24 6 2C (75 6 9F) and atrelative humidity of less than 60 % for at least 12 h prior totesting.12. Test Methods12.1 DensityDetermine the density in accordance withTest Method D1622.12.2 Thermal ConductivityDetermine the thermal con-ductivity i
33、n accordance with Test Method C177 or Test MethodC518 at mean temperatures of 5, 24, and 52C (41, 75,120F) after conditioning for 7 6 1 days at 24 6 2C (75 63F) and less than 60 % relative humidity from time ofmanufacture. The heat flow is to be measured parallel to therise of the foam. Requirements
34、 for thermal conductivity aregiven in Table 2.12.3 Compressive StrengthDetermine the compressivestrength in accordance with Procedure A of Test MethodD1621, or by Test Method C165. The compressive force is tobe applied parallel to the rise direction of the foam.12.4 Tensile StrengthDetermine the ten
35、sile strength inaccordance with Test Method D1623. The tensile force is to beapplied parallel to the rise direction of the foam.12.5 Shear StrengthDetermine the shear strength in ac-cordance with Test Method C273. Apply the shear forceperpendicular to the rise direction of the foam. Specimenthicknes
36、s shall be 13 mm (0.5 in.).12.6 Closed CellDetermine the percent closed cell inaccordance with Procedure A or B of Test Method D2856.12.7 Dimensional StabilityDetermine the dimensionalstability in accordance with Test Method D2126, at approxi-mately 70 6 2C (158 6 4F) and ambient humidity. The testd
37、uration shall be 836 h (two weeks).12.8 Flame ResistanceDetermine the flame resistance inaccordance with Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) 25.853Part-1App. F (a) (1)(1) 60 second vertical ignition. Specimensize shall be: 8 in. minimum length, by 3 in. nominal width. bythe minimum thickness used for
38、 construction, or if unknown,0.5 6 0.015 in.The flame shall be applied to the cut, unfinishedlower edge of the specimen in accordance with the AircraftMaterials Fire Test Handbook, Chapter 1. Report the averageextinguishment time and burn the distance of three determina-tions. (WarningThis test shou
39、ld be used to measure anddescribe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies inresponse to heat and flame under controlled laboratory condi-tions and should not be used to describe or appraise the firehazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies underactual fire conditions. Ho
40、wever, results of this test may be usedas elements of a fire risk assessment that takes into account allof the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the firehazard of a particular end use.)12.9 Impact Resistance:12.9.1 Specimen PreparationThe foam specimen shall be610 6 1.6 mm (24.0 6 0.082
41、 in.) long by 610 6 1.6 mm wideby 50 by 0.4 mm (2.0 6 0.015 in.) thick. Bond each 610 mmface of the foam specimen to a 0.8 mm (0.032 in.) thick6061-T6 aluminum sheet, (QQ-A-250/11). Cleaning, adhesive,and bonding method will be as specified or approved by thecustomer (see 5.1.4).12.9.2 TestingDeterm
42、ine impact resistance as follows:Drop a 31.7 kg (70 lb) steel cylinder 3 in. in diameter andhemispherical at one end vertically 406 mm (16 in.) for Type1 foam and 762 mm (30 in.) for Types 2, 3, and 4 foams, so thatthe hemispherical end of the weight strikes the center of theouter skin of the specim
43、en on a horizontal plane. The cylindershall not be permitted to re-impact the specimen after the firstimpact. Support the specimen along its four edges by aframework backed by concrete. The frame shall be made offour pieces of 2 by 4 (nominal) lumber, rigidly bolted togetherto form a square 610 mm (
44、24 in.) on a side (outside dimension),100 mm (4 in. nominal) high, so that the frame rests on the 50mm (2 in. nominal) faces. The panel specimen shall have thefour edge surfaces bound with a 25 mm (1 in.) flange channelframe of skin material attached through flanges by18 in. blindrivets on 100 mm (4
45、 in.) centers and shall be bolted to theframe with a minimum of two14 in. diameter bolts per edge(see Fig. 1). Tighten the bolts against the specimen and thenback off so that there is a nominal gap of 0.25 mm (0.010 in.)between the bolt head and the panel.12.9.3 EvaluationAfter the test, cross secti
46、on the speci-men through the impact area and examine. Impact shall notresult in rupture to either skin. No delamination between skinsand core or crushing of core is allowed outside a 3 in. radiusfrom the center of the impact.TABLE 2 Physical and Mechanical PropertiesRequirement Procedure Type 1 Type
47、 2 Type 3 Type 4 ParagraphDensity, kg/m3(lb/ft3), max 41.6 (2.6) 55.7 (3.6) 72 (4.5) 192 (13) 12.1Thermal conductivity, W/mK (Btu-in./hr-2F), max 12.2at approximately 5C (41F) mean 0.036 (0.250) 0.037 (0.257) 0.037 (0.257) not requiredat approximately 24C (79F) mean 0.036 (0.250) 0.037 (0.257) 0.037
48、 (0.257) not requiredat approximately 52C (120F) mean 0.036 (0.250) 0.037 (0.257) 0.037 (0.257) not requiredCompressive strength at 10 % deflection or at yield, kPa (psi), min 172.4 (25) 275.8 (40) 448.2 (65) 2758 (400) 12.3Tensile strength, kPa (psi), min 206.8 (30) 344.7 (50) 517.1 (75) 1896 (275)
49、 12.4Shear strength, kPa (psi), min 172.4 (25) 241.2 (35) 275.8 (40) 1034 (150) 12.5Closed cell (%), min 95 95 95 95 12.6Dimensional stabilityLinear D% 61.5 61.5 61.5 61.5 12.7Volumetric D% 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.5Flame resistanceExtinguish time: max, s 15 15 15 15 12.8Burn distance: mm (in.), max 152 (6) 152 (6) 152 (6) 152 (6)Impact resistance, paragraph 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9 12.9.1E1730 09313. Packaging13.1 Cleaning, preservation, marking, and packaging shallbe in accordance with the applicable packaging standard orpackaging d
