1、Designation: E2964 14Standard Test Method forMeasurement of the Normalized Insertion Loss of Doors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2964; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part of a set of standards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements and the sound iso
3、lation between spaces. It is designed to measure the field soundisolation performance of doors. Others in the set cover the airborne sound transmission loss of anisolated partition element in a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), field measure-ments of the sound isolation between ro
4、oms in buildings (Test Method E336), the laboratorymeasurement of impact sound transmission through floors (Test Method E492), the measurement ofimpact sound transmission in buildings (Test Method E1007), the measurement of sound transmissionthrough building facades and facade elements (Guide E966),
5、 and the measurement of soundtransmission through a common plenum between two rooms (Test Method E1414).1. Scope1.1 The sound insulation properties of a door are measuredin a laboratory as the sound transmission loss in accordancewith Test Method E90. Using those data single number ratingsound trans
6、mission class (STC) is assigned. In the field, therooms on one or both sides of a partition containing a door areoften either too small or too large and absorptive to allow theapparent transmission loss (ATL) of the partition-door assem-bly to be measured. Even if that is not the case, the resultmea
7、sured is the composite ATL of the partition including thedoor, and not that of the door itself. Test Method E336 actuallystates that it is impossible to measure the ATL of a portion ofa partition such as a door according to the procedures of thatstandard. This test method provides a method of evalua
8、tingdoors in such cases using a normalized insertion loss with aresulting single number rating door transmission class, DTC.This method is intended primarily for hinged personnel doorswith latching mechanisms and is limited to door openings ofarea less than 6 m2. The flanking effects of surroundings
9、tructure are reduced compared to E336 but not completelyeliminated. In a laboratory environment, the DTC is close to orequal to the STC of the door, but in the field results less thanthe laboratory STC should be expected.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units
10、 of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regula
11、tory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Building and EnvironmentalAcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions andElementsE336 Test Method for Measurement of Airborne SoundA
12、ttenuation between Rooms in BuildingsE413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of ImpactSound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling AssembliesUsing the Tapping MachineE966 Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne SoundAttenuation of Building Facades and
13、Facade ElementsE1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of TappingMachine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support StructuresE1414 Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenuation Be-tween Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling Plenum1This test method is under the jurisdict
14、ion ofASTM Committee E33 on Buildingand Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE33.03 on Sound Transmission.Current edition approved June 1, 2014. Published July 2014. DOI: 10.1520/E2964-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orconta
15、ct ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.4
16、 Specification for Sound Level MetersS1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard PressureMicrophonesS1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital FiltersS1.40 Specification and Verification Procedures for SoundCalibrators2.3 IEC Standards:4IEC 60804 Specific
17、ation for Integrating-Averaging SoundLevel MetersIEC 60942 ElectroacousticsSound Calibrators2.4 ISO Standard:5ISO 16283-1:2014 Acoustics - Field measurement of soundinsulation in buildings and of building elements - Part 1:Airborne sound insulation3. Terminology3.1 The following terms used in this t
18、est method havespecific meanings that are defined in Terminology C634:3.1.1 airborne sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel;diffuse sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise;receiving room; self-noise; sound absorption; so
19、und attenua-tion; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound pressure level;sound transmission loss, TL; source roomNOTE 1The unqualified term average sound pressure level in thisdocument means that sound pressure levels were averaged for specifiedperiods of time.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to T
20、his Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL, nof a partitioninstalled in a building, in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined as:ATL 5 L12 L2110 logSSA2D(1)where:S = the area of the partition common to both source andreceiving rooms,A2= the sound absorption in the receiving room,
21、L1= the source room average sound pressure level, andL2= the receiving room average sound pressure level result-ing from the combined effect of direct and flankingtransmission.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout this test method, log istaken to mean log10, unless otherwise indicated.3.2.1.2 DiscussionThis
22、definition attributes all the powertransmitted into the receiving room, by direct and flankingpaths, to the area of the partition common to both rooms. Ifflanking transmission is significant, the ATL will be less thanthe TL for the partition. Apparent transmission loss (ATL) isequivalent in meaning
23、to apparent sound reduction index(ASRI) used by ISO 16283-1:2014.3.2.2 direct transmission, nsound that travels between asource and a receiving room only through the common(separating) building element.3.2.3 door transmission class, DTC, na single numberrating obtained by applying the classification
24、 procedure ofClassification E413 to normalized door insertion loss data.3.2.4 normalized door insertion loss, NDIL, nof a doorinstalled in a building in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined asNDIL 5Lrec open!2 Lrec closed!1Lsource closed!2 Lsource open!(2)when a sound source is operate
25、d on the source side of thedoor.where:L(rec open)= the average sound pressure level on thereceiving side of the door with the dooropen,L(rec closed)= the average sound pressure level due to thesource on the receiving side of the door withthe door closed,L(source closed)= the average sound pressure l
26、evel on thesource side of the door with the door closed,andL(source open)= the average sound pressure level on thesource side of the door with the door open.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The door and corresponding source and receiving roomsare selected.4.2 The number and location of sound sources are
27、 chosen,sound is produced in the source room and sound pressure levelsare measured on each side of the door with the door both openand closed using either a fixed microphone or scanningmethod.4.3 The background sound is measured in the receivingroom with the source(s) off and the door closed.4.4 Res
28、ults and single number ratings are calculated andreported.5. Significance and Use5.1 This standard provides a method for testing the apparentsound insulating properties of doors in the field originallyproposed by Morin (1).6This allows doors to be evaluated witha result that has been found to be sim
29、ilar to the transmissionloss.5.2 The results of this measurement are the normalized doorinsertion loss, NDIL, at individual frequencies, and the singlenumber rating door transmission class, DTC. The insertion lossis normalized by the small change in sound level which occurson the source side when th
30、e door is opened and closed.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue deVaremb, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.
31、5Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.6The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.E2964 1425.3 Comparative measurements using this met
32、hod and themethod of Test Method E90 on the same door installations ina laboratory indicate good agreement between the transmissionloss and normalized door insertion loss. See Appendix X1 andRef (2).5.4 The fixed-microphone and scanning methods have beencompared in the field. See Appendix X2.6. Test
33、 Equipment6.1 Sound Sources and SignalsSound sources shall beloudspeaker systems driven by power amplifiers. The inputsignal to the amplifiers shall be random noise containing anapproximately continuous distribution of frequencies over eachtest band. White or pink electronic noise sources satisfy th
34、iscondition.NOTE 2Ideally, loudspeaker systems should be omnidirectional. Inpractice, using multiple driver elements to cover different frequencyranges and placing and aiming sources into trihedral corners of the roomwill normally be adequate.6.1.1 The sound power of the source(s) must be sufficient
35、 toraise the signal level in the receiving room with the door closedfar enough above background noise to meet the requirementsof 11.8.6.2 Measuring EquipmentMicrophones, amplifiers, andelectronic circuitry to process microphone signals and performmeasurements shall satisfy the requirements of ANSI S
36、1.4 forType 1 sound level meters, except that B and C weightingnetworks are not required.6.2.1 Measurement quality microphones 13 mm or smallerin diameter and that are close to omnidirectional below 5000Hz shall be used.NOTE 3If measurements are to be made above 5000 Hz, a diffuse-field(random-incid
37、ence) microphone or corrector is preferred.6.2.1.1 If multiple microphones are used, they shall all be ofthe same make and model.6.3 Bandwidth and FilteringThe measurement systemfilters or each test band, shall meet or exceed the specificationsof ANSI S1.11 for one-third-octave band filter set, clas
38、s 1 orbetter.6.3.1 The measurement system filters or each test band,shall meet or exceed the specifications of ANSI S1.11 forone-third-octave band filter set, class 1 or better.NOTE 4It is desirable that the frequency range be extended to includeat least the 100 and 5000-Hz bands as this is required
39、 to calculateoctave-band results. With modern-parallel measurement instruments, noextra work is required.6.4 CalibratorsThe field calibrator used for sensitivitychecks shall be an acoustic or electroacoustic calibrator meet-ing class 1 requirements of ANSI S1.40 or IEC 60942.7. Calibration and Sensi
40、tivity Checks7.1 A thorough calibration of acoustical instrumentation bya calibration laboratory at regular intervals is necessary to helpassure that the equipment is operating within instrumentstandards and manufacturers specifications. The appropriatecalibration interval depends on several factors
41、 including thecomplexity of the instrument, frequency of use, frequency offield use and transportation, manufacturer recommendations,and history of reliability or problems as observed in priorcalibrations.NOTE 5ANSI S1.10 provides more information on calibration.7.2 Perform sensitivity checks of the
42、 entire measuring setup(including the microphone, all cables, and instruments) withthe same calibration equipment before and after the measure-ments. If the calibration values differ by more than 0.5 dB, theresults are invalid and measurements shall be repeated.8. Test Site and Door Conditions8.1 Th
43、e test specimen will be a door in a partition thatseparates the source and receiving rooms.8.2 Flanking transmission in the structure adjacent to thedoor will be present.8.3 While this method is designed to minimize the influenceof flanking, major flanking due to weakness of the partition inwhich th
44、e door is installed (or other paths) may influenceresults. If such is suspected, temporary improvements to thepartition or other paths may be made. Such improvements shallbe reported. Particular attention shall be given to identifyingpotential flanking paths that may be present through ducts orthrou
45、gh plenums over acoustical ceilings.NOTE 6If it is desired to investigate the effect of flanking, this mightbe done by constructing a cover over the source side of the door andrepeating the measurements of the receive side level with the door closed.A suitable cover could be a layer of gypsum spaced
46、 approximately 100mm from the door with sound absorptive material in that cavity and theedges sealed.8.4 Results will be influenced by the performance of thedoor seals. Care shall be taken to assure the door is properlyclosed with any latch present properly latched when measure-ments are made on the
47、 receiving side with the door closed.8.5 When the door is opened it shall be opened as far aspossible for each open door measurement to minimize theinfluence of reflections from its surface.9. Door and Room Selection9.1 When measurements are being made to evaluate theapparent sound insulation perfor
48、mance of a particular door, thedoor may be specified by the party requesting the test. In othercases it may be necessary to select a door or number of doorsto be examined from among many. This method does notimpose particular requirements on the test spaces except that itis desirable that the ATL of
49、 the partition into which the door isinstalled be significantly greater than that of the door. Thus,where partitions differ, it is desirable to select doors inpartitions believed to have the highest transmission loss andleast flanking transmission.NOTE 7Results from a single field test of a door should not be usedto represent performance of similar or nominally identical doors. If thedoor has acoustical seals, the DTC rating can vary widely depending uponthe individual adjustment of these seals. Thus, if multiple doors of a givendesign exist on a s
