1、Designation: F106 12 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forBrazing Filler Metals for Electron Devices1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F106; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements or filler metalssuitable for brazing internal parts and other critical areas ofelectron d
3、evices in a nonoxidizing atmosphere (Note 1).1.2 These materials are available in strip or wire or preformsmade by blanking the strip or bending the wire. Powders arealso available.NOTE 1Brazing filler metals for general applications are specified inAWS Specification A 5.8.1.3 The values stated in i
4、nch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on stan
5、dard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B214 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Metal
6、PowdersE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesF19 Test Method for Tension and Vacuum Testing Metal-lized Ceramic Seals2.2 American Welding Society:3A 5.8 Specification for Brazing Filler MetalsC 3.2 Method for Evaluating the Strength of Brazed JointsC 3.3 Recommended Practic
7、es for Design, Manufacture andInspection of Critical Brazed Components3. Classification3.1 Brazing filler metals which are vacuum grade and areclassified on the basis of chemical composition shown in Table1. The difference between Grade 1 and 2 is the allowableimpurity content. Grade 1 requires gene
8、rally lower levels ofimpurities.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing information:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Dimensions and tolerances (Table 2),4.1.3 Form (rod, bar, wire, etc.),4.1.4 AWS classification (Table 1),4.1.5 Grade 1,4.1.6 Special requir
9、ements or exceptions, and4.1.7 Certification State if certification is required.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The brazing filler metals shall be vacuum grade andfabricated by any method that yields a product conforming tothe requirements of this specification.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The finishe
10、d brazing filler metal shall conform to thechemical composition shown in Table 1 for Grade 1 material.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Unless otherwise specified, wire shall be furnished insoft temper most suitable for hand feeding or ring winding onmandrels. A minimum elongation of 10 % in 2 in. (50.8 m
11、m)indicates that the wire is annealed.7.2 Unless otherwise specified, strip shall be furnished inhard as-rolled temper to facilitate clean blanking of thin shimsor preforms. A maximum elongation of 5 % in 2 in. (50.8 mm)designates the strip as hard.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 These m
12、aterials must conform to the dimensional limi-tations listed in Table 2 for strip, wire, and preforms or to Table3 for the size distribution of powdered brazing filler metals.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 onElectronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcomm
13、ittee F01.03 on MetallicMaterials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originallyapproved in 1969 as F106 69 T. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asF106 12. DOI: 10.1520/F0106-12R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.a
14、stm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr
15、Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommen
16、dations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements (in Wt. %) for Vacuum Grade Filler Metals for Electron DevicesA,B,CNOTE 1All finished material shall be reasonably smooth and bright and free from dirt, oil, grease,
17、or other foreign material.NOTE 2 A complete designation of specified material must include the grade designation number (for example, BVAg-6b, Grade 1).NOTE 3Single values shown are maximum percentages, except where otherwise specified.AWSClassifi-cationUNSDesigna-tionAg Au Cu Ni Co Sn Pd In Zn Cd P
18、b P CGrade 1-Vacuum grade filler metalsBVAg-0 P07017 99.95 min. . . . 0.05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-6b P07507 49.051.0 . . . Remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-8 P07727 71.073.0 . . . Remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-8b P07728 70.572.5 . . . Remainder 0.30.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-18 P07607 59.061.0 . . . Remainder . . . . . . 9.510.5 . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-29 P07627 60.562.5 . . . Remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0
20、15.0 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-30 P07687 67.069.0 . . . Remainder . . . . . . . . . 4.55.5 . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-31 P07587 57.059.0 . . . 31.033.0 . . . . . . . . . Remainder . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAg-32 P07547 53.055.0 . . . 20.022.0 . . . . . . . . . Remaind
21、er . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-2 P00807 . . . 79.580.5 Remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-3 P00351 . . . 34.5-35.5 Remainder 2.5-3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-4 P00827 . . . 81.582.5 . . . Remainder . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-7 P00507 . . . 49.550.5 . . . 24.525.5 0.06 . . . Remainder . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-8 P00927 . . . 91.093.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . Remainder . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-9 P00354 . . . 34.5-35.5 Remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVAu-10 P00503 . . . 49.5-50.5 Remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005BVPd-1 P03657 . . . . . . . . . 0.06 Remainder . . . 64.066.0 . . . 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.005Grade 2 - Vacuum grade filler metalsBVCu-1x C14181 . . . . . . 99.99 mi
24、n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.005AAll vacuum grade filler metals are considered to be spatter free (refer to Melting Test, Section 10).BAll other elements in addition to those listed in the table above, with a vapor pressure higher than 107Torr at 932F (500C) (such as Mg
25、, Sb, K, Na, Li, Tl, S, Cs, Rb,Sc, Hg, Tc, Sr, and Ca) are limited to 0.001 % max each for Grade 1 vacuum grade filler metals and 0.002 % max each for Grade 2 vacuum grade filler metals. Theaccumulative total of all these high vapor pressure elements including zinc, cadmium, and lead is limited to 0
26、.010 % max. The total of other impurities not included in thepreceding list is limited to 0.05 % max, except for BVCu-1x, which shall be 0.01 max.CFor the braze alloys shown, analysis shall regularly be made only for the major alloying elements specified and the elements Zn, Cd, Pb, P, C (by Melting
27、 Test), Hg, Mg,and Sb. However, the presence of the other elements (listed above in Footnote B), with a vapor pressure higher than 107Torr at 932F (500C), outside the limits specifiedshall constitute cause for rejection of the material.TABLE 2 Dimensional Tolerances (All Plus or Minus)Width Toleranc
28、es, in. (mm)Thickness 8 in. (200 mm) wide and under Over 8 in. (200 mm) wideLess than 0.020 (0.5)0.020 to 0.050 (0.5 to 1.25), incl0.005 (0.125)0.010 (0.250)0.015 (0.38)0.015 (0.38)Thickness TolerancesStripThickness, in. (mm) 8 in. (200 mm) wide and under Over 8 in. (200 mm) wideUp to 0.002 (0.05),
29、incl 0.0002 (0.005) 0.0005 (0.0125)Over 0.002 to 0.003 (0.05 to 0.075), incl 0.0003 (0.0075) 0.0006 (0.015)Over 0.003 to 0.004 (0.075 to 0.10), incl 0.0004 (0.010) 0.0007 (0.018)Over 0.004 to 0.006 (0.10 to 0.15), incl 0.0005 (0.0125) 0.0008 (0.02)Over 0.006 to 0.013 (0.15 to 0.33), incl 0.0010 (0.0
30、25) 0.0013 (0.033)Over 0.013 to 0.021 (0.33 to 0.53), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0018 (0.046)Over 0.021 to 0.026 (0.53 to 0.66), incl 0.0020 (0.05) 0.0020 (0.05)Over 0.026 to 0.050 (0.66 to 0.125), incl 0.0020 (0.05) 0.0050 (0.125)Camber TolerancesStrip (Edgewise Bowl)0.5 in. (12.5 mm) max in 6 ft (1.8 m
31、)Diameter TolerancesWireDiameter, in. (mm) Tolerance, in. (mm)0.010 to 0.020 (0.250 to 0.5) 0.0003 (0.0075)Over 0.020 to 0.030 (0.5 to 0.75) 0.0005 (0.0125)Over 0.030 to 0.040 (0.75 to 1.0) 0.0007 (0.018)Over 0.040 to 0.050 (1.0 to 1.25) 0.0008 (0.02)Over 0.050 to 0.060 (1.25 to 1.5) 0.0010 (0.025)O
32、ver 0.060 to 0.080 (1.5 to 2.0) 0.0015 (0.038)Over 0.080 to 0.250 (2.0 to 6.3) 0.0020 (0.05)F106 12 (2017)29. Finish9.1 The surface of strip, wire, or preforms shall be assmooth and free of dirt, oxide, pits, deep scratches, seams,slivers, stains, scale, blisters, edge cracks, trimming burrs,waves,
33、wrinkles, and other defects as best commercial practicewill permit.10. Melting Test (for Cleanness and Spatter)10.1 Requirements Since cleanness and spattering areimportant considerations in the use of these materials, a specialmelting test is used to determine their suitability. For this test,the m
34、elting temperatures required are listed in Table X1.1. Thematerial shall also comply with the requirements of 10.2.4.10.2 Procedure:10.2.1 The melting test is performed on an “as-received”sample. Cut approximately 1 g (with clean, dry tools) into aclean, dense polycrystalline 99.5 % alumina crucible
35、 or clean,fused silica crucible or boat which has been precleaned by airfiring at 2012F (1100C), min, and stored in a dry, dust-freelocation until required.10.2.2 Place samples and crucible in a dense polycrystallineor fused silica combustion tube muffle or equivalent, purgewith dry 40F (40C) hydrog
36、en, and heat to 36F (20C)above the liquidus, hold for 10 min, and then cool to under149F (65C) before stopping the hydrogen flow and removingthe sample for inspection.NOTE 2If the sample does not melt under these conditions, thecomposition is wrong or the temperature measurement is incorrect.10.2.3
37、If it is desired also to test for spattering, bridge thecrucible or boat by a nickel channel whose legs are designed toallow a small clearance, 0.06 in. (1.6 mm) max. above thecrucible. An additional requirement is that the bridge be nomore than 0.38 in. (9.5 mm) above the metal bead.10.2.4 Examine
38、the metal bead at 5 magnification. Just alight smokiness with no discrete black specks is the worst thatis permitted. Since this examination depends on experience andjudgment, standards can be developed by running carbondeterminations and comparing with the maximum carbonlimitation listed in Table 1
39、.10.2.5 If the spatter test is run, examine the bottom side ofthe nickel bridge, also at 5 magnification, for evidence of anyspatter.11. Rejection11.1 The sellers responsibility will be limited to replace-ment of any filler metal that does not conform to the require-ments of this specification.12. C
40、ertification12.1 A certification, when requested by the user, based onthe manufacturers quality control that the material conforms tothe requirements of this specification, shall be furnished uponrequest of the purchaser, provided the request is made at thetime of cost quotation and at the time of o
41、rder placement.13. Packaging and Marking13.1 PackagingThe brazing filler metal shall be packagedin such a way that it will arrive at its destination clean andundamaged.13.2 MarkingAll packages of brazing filler metal shall bemarked with:13.2.1 AWS specification numbers and classifications,13.2.2 Sel
42、lers name and trade designation,13.2.3 Size or part description in the case of preforms.13.2.4 Net weight or scale count in the case of preforms,and13.2.5 Lot, control or heat number.14. Keywords14.1 braze alloys; electron devices; melting test for clean-ness and spatterTABLE 3 Standard Sieve Analys
43、esA100 mesh through No. 60 sieve100 % minthrough No. 100 sieve95 % min140C mesh on No. 100 sievetraceon No. 140 sieve10 % maxthrough No. 325 sieve20 % max140F mesh on No. 100 sievetraceon No. 140 sieve10 % maxthrough No. 325 sieve55 % max325 mesh on No. 200 sievetraceon No. 325 sieve10 % maxthrough
44、No. 325 sieve90 % minAThesearestandardASTMsievesizesselectedfromTable2ofSpecificationE11.Sieve tests are conducted in accordance with the latest edition of Test MethodB214.F106 12 (2017)3APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. GUIDE TO AWS CLASSIFICATION OF VACUUM GRADE FILLER METALSFOR ELECTRON DEVIC
45、E APPLICATIONSX1.1 GeneralX1.1.1 This guide is appended to this specification as asource of information; it is not mandatory and does not form amandatory part of this specification. It has been prepared as anaid to users of vacuum grade brazing filler metals to help themdetermine which classificatio
46、n of filler metal is best for aparticular application.X1.1.2 This specification is intended to provide both thesupplier and the user of brazing filler metals with a means ofproduction control and a basis of acceptance through mutuallyacceptable standard requirements.X1.1.3 Brazing filler metals are
47、metals that are added whenmaking a braze. They have melting points below those of themetals being brazed and above 840F (450C) with propertiessuitable for making joints by capillary attraction betweenclosely fitted surfaces.X1.1.4 All classifications of filler metals in this specifica-tion are consi
48、dered to be spatter-free.X1.2 Method of ClassificationX1.2.1 The classification method for brazing filler metals isbased on chemical composition rather than on mechanicalproperty requirements. The mechanical properties of a brazedjoint depend, in part, on the base materials and filler metalused. The
49、refore, a classification method based on mechanicalproperties would be misleading since it would only apply to thespecific combination of base material and filler metal thatgenerated the data. If a user of brazing filler metal desires todetermine the mechanical properties of a given base metal,filler metal, and joint design combination, tests should beconducted using either Test Method F19 or the latest edition ofAWS Method C 3.2.X1.2.2 Vacuum grade brazing filler metals are standardizedinto four groups of class
