1、Designation: F2686 10F2686 14 An American National StandardStandard Specification forGlass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2686; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers coiled, machine-made glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic pipe2 up to
3、6 in. nominal size, havingdiscrete, unbonded inner and outer layers of thermoplastic compounds and an intermediate structural layer of unbonded, dry glassfiber reinforcement to provide higher strength. Included are a classification system and requirements for materials, mechanicalproperties, dimensi
4、ons, performance, methods of test, and marking. Reinforced thermoplastic pipes are used for oil and gasapplications, including transport of multiphase fluids, hydrocarbon gases, hydrocarbon liquids and non-potable water.1.2 The piping system will comprise one or more runs of pipe along with mechanic
5、al fittings, designed and for use with thiscomposite pipe, connecting them to each other and to the other pipeline components.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for inform
6、ation only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulator
7、ylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A105/A105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping ApplicationsA106/A106M Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA333/A333M Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Tempe
8、rature Service and Other Applications withRequired Notch ToughnessA350/A350M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for PipingComponentsD578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Rela
9、ting to PlasticsD1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal PressureD1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to PlasticsD2105 Test Method for Longitudinal
10、Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe andTubeD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and FittingsD2143 Test Method for Cyclic Pressure Strength of Reinforced, Thermosetting Plastic PipeD2412 Test Method for Determination of Ex
11、ternal Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Pipi
12、ng Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.68 on Energy PipingSystems.Current edition approved April 1, 2010March 1, 2014. Published April 2010December 2014. DOI:10.1520/F268610.Originally approved in 2010. Last previous editionapproved in 2010 as F268610. DOI:10.1520/F268614.2
13、The glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic pipe described in this specification is covered by a patent (US Patents 6,889,716, 6,902,205, and 7,946,629 B2). Interested partiesare invited to submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patented item to the ASTM Internatio
14、nal Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume
15、 information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequat
16、ely depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Int
17、ernational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings MaterialsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 PPI Standards:4TR-4 PPI Listing of Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), Hydrostat
18、ic Design Stress (HDS), Strength Design Basis (SDB), PressureDesign Basis (PDB) and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Materials or Pipe2.3 ANSI Standards:5B 16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Terminolog
19、ies D883 and F412 and abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic pipe, na tubular product comprised of an inner thermoplastic layer reinforced withhelically wound un-b
20、onded glass fibers covered with an outer thermoplastic layer.3.2.2 inner layer, nan inner thermoplastic layer to contain the transported fluid.3.2.3 lower confidence limitthe 95% lower confidence limit of the pressure regression curve, determined as per PracticeD2992. Unless otherwise stated, the 95
21、% lower confidence limit is defined at the design life.3.2.3.1 DiscussionFor 95% confidence limits, there is a 2.5% probability that the mean value for the regression line may fall above the upperconfidence limit and a 2.5% probability that the mean value for the regression line may fall below the l
22、ower confidence limit.3.2.4 outer layer, nan outer thermoplastic layer to protect the reinforcement layer.3.2.5 reinforcement layera layer, comprised of un-bonded dry glass fibers helically wound around the inner layer, whichprovides the strength of the composite pipe.4. Classification4.1 GeneralPip
23、e meeting this specification is classified by pressure design basis and by a cell classification system that definesthe basic mechanical properties of the pipe. These pressure design basis categories and cell classification designations are asfollows:4.1.1 Pressure Design BasisTwo methods of classif
24、ying the pressure design basis of the pipe are provided. Pipe meeting thisspecification may be classified using either the cyclic test method or the static test method, or both, and the designations are shownin Table 1. Appendix X1 explains how these pressure design basis categories are to be used.4
25、.1.2 Mechanical PropertiesTable 2 presents a cell classification system for identifying the mechanical properties of pipecovered by this specification.NOTE 1Table 1 and Table 2 simply list possible combinations covered by the above classification system and are not intended to be indicative ofcommer
26、cial availability.4 Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825, Irving, TX 75062, http:/www.plasticpipe.org.5 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.TABLE 1 Pressure Design Basis Ca
27、tegoriesCyclic Test Method Static Test MethodDesignation Pressure DesignBasis,psig (MPa)Designation Pressure DesignBasis,psig (MPa)A 315 (2.17) N 315 (2.17)B 400 (2.76) O 400 (2.76)C 500 (3.45) P 500 (3.45)D 630 (4.34) Q 630 (4.34)E 800 (5.52) R 800 (5.52)F 1 000 (6.89) S 1 000 (6.89)G 1 250 (8.62)
28、T 1 250 (8.62)H 1 600 (11.0) U 1 600 (11.0)I 2 000 (13.8) V 2 000 (13.8)J 2 500 (17.2) W 2 500 (17.2)K 3 150 (21.7) X 3 150 (21.7)L 4 000 (27.6) Y 4 000 (27.6)F2686 1424.1.3 Pipe Designation CodeThe pipe designation code shall consist of the static or cyclic PDB level in a capital letter andfour Ara
29、bic numbers identifying, respectively, the cell classification designations of the short-term rupture pressure, longitudinaltensile strength, longitudinal tensile modulus and pipe stiffness.4.1.3.1 Example: D1234. Such a designation would describe a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic pipe having a
30、 cyclic pressuredesign basis of 630 psig (4.34 MPa); a short-term rupture pressure exceeding 1 000 psig (6.89 MPa), a longitudinal tensile strengthexceeding 15 000 psi (103 MPa), a longitudinal tensile modulus exceeding 3 106 psi (20 700 MPa) and a pipe stiffness exceeding300 lbf/in2 (2 069 kPa).5.
31、Materials and Manufacture5.1 GeneralThe thermoplastic materials, glass fiber reinforcement, colorant, or other materials, or a combination thereof,when combined as piping components, shall produce a pipe system that shall meet the performance requirements of thisspecification.5.2 Pipe layersReinforc
32、ed Thermoplastic Pipe is a composite pipe product, capable of being made in long continuous lengthsand coiled for storage, transport and installation. The first step in the production process is extrusion of a thermoplastic inner layeror barrier to contain the transported fluid and contribute a port
33、ion of the mechanical strength. The next step is addition of astructural glass fiber layer over the inner layer to provide the majority of the mechanical strength to withstand the loads appliedduring service and installation. This structural layer typically consists of an even number of balanced hel
34、ical windings ofcontinuous glass fiber reinforcement, applied as helically wound unbonded fibers using an automated process control. In the thirdand final step an outer thermoplastic layer is extruded on top of the structural layer. This outer layer protects the structure duringinstallation and oper
35、ation, and may help transfer mechanical loads within the end fitting. Mechanical end fittings are used toterminate pipe ends or connect adjacent pipe sections.5.3 Materials SelectionThe manufacturer shall be responsible for the selection and supply of all materials so that they meetthe specified ser
36、vice and installation requirements. Different material grades can be used in the thermoplastic inner and outer layersprovided the combination meets the requirements of this standard.specification.5.3.1 Thermoplastic Inner LayerThe inner layer shall be constructed from polyethylene or crosslinked pol
37、yethylene materialcomplying with Specification D3350 and listed in PPI TR-4. Either PE2708, PE3608 or PE4710, as defined and listed in PPI TR-4,with a Specification D3350 minimum cell classification of 233373, 345464 and 444474 respectively is to be used for polyethylene.PEX materials as defined and
38、 listed in PPI TR-4 are to be used for crosslinked polyethylene.5.3.2 Structural LayerThe structural layer provides the strength of the composite pipe. The material used shall be boron-freemodified E-glass (ECR) fibers as defined in Specification D578. The glass shall be applied in two layers that h
39、ave opposite wrapdirections. The angle of each wrap layer shall be 55 6 5 degrees from the axial direction, such that the angle between the layerswhen they cross is 110 610 degrees.NOTE 2The wrap angle is controlled during manufacture by the process equipment parameters. A successful burst test resu
40、lt verifies the adequacyof the applied wrap angle.5.3.2.1 The structural layer thickness shall meet the requirements given in Table 3.5.3.3 Thermoplastic Outer LayerThe outer layer shall be constructed from polyethylene or crosslinked polyethylene materialcomplying with Specification D3350 and liste
41、d in PPI TR-4. Either PE2708, PE3608 or PE4710, as defined and listed in PPI TR-4,with a Specification D3350 minimum cell classification of 233373, 345464 and 444474 respectively is to be used for polyethylene.PEX materials as defined and listed in PPI TR-4 are to be used for crosslinked polyethylen
42、e. The outer layer material shall containa suitable level of UV inhibitor for the service intended.5.4 Rework MaterialClean rework material only from the first step production of the PE inner layer and not subjected to thesecond step glass fiber wrapping, generated from the pipe manufacturers own pi
43、pe production, may be used for the inner or outerlayers, provided that it can be demonstrated that the composite pipe produced meets all the requirements of this specification.5.5 Fittings:TABLE 2 Physical Property RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberMechanicalProperty0A 1 2 3 4 5 61 Short-term ruptu
44、re pressure,min, psig (MPa). 1 000 (6.89) 2 000 (13.8) 3 000 (20.7) 4 000 (27.6) 5 000 (34.5) 6 000 (41.4)2 Longitudinal tensile strength,min, psi (MPa). 8 000 (55.2) 15 000 (103) 25 000 (172) 35 000 (241) 45 000 (310) 55 000 (379)3 Longitudinal tensile modulus,min, psi X 106 (MPa). 1 (6 900) 2 (13
45、000) 3 (20 700) 4 (27 600) 5 (34 500) 6 (41 400)4 Pipe stiffness at 5% deflection,min, lbf/in2 (kPa). 100 (689) 150 (1,034) 200 (1,379) 300 (2,069) 400 (2,759) 500 (3,448)AUnspecified.F2686 1435.5.1 Fittings shall be of metallic construction complying with material designation AISI 4130 or 4140, Spe
46、cificationsA105/A105M, A106/A106M, A333/A333M or A350/A350M. Specific materials referenced in this section are common materialsused in these types of products. Alternate materials proven to provide equal or better performance are acceptable.5.5.2 All steel flanges shall comply with ANSI B 16.5 requi
47、rements.5.5.3 The fittings may be finished with a protective coating compatible with the intended service.6. Physical Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe shall be free of all defects including indentations, bubbles, pinholes, and foreign inclusions, which,due to their nature, degree, or extent, detr
48、imentally affect the strength and serviceability of the pipe. The pipe shall be as uniformas commercially practicable in color, opacity, and other physical properties. The bore of the pipe shall be smooth and uniform.Allpipe ends shall be cut at right angles to the axis of the pipe and any sharp edg
49、es removed.6.2 Dimensions and TolerancesThe inside diameter, outside diameter, wall thickness and tolerances of pipe meeting thisspecification shall conform to the requirements of Table 4, when determined in accordance with 8.3.6.3 Pipe Requirements:6.3.1 Pressure Design Basis (PDB)Pipe meeting this specification shall be categorized by a long - term static or cyclicpressure design basis as shown in Table 1. A pipe from each Design Basis Category shall be tested in accordance with 8.4 or 8.5,as applicable. The pressure design basis of other pipe size
