1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED JANUARY 1992 BS 6466:1984 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Code of practice for Design and installation of ceramic fibre furnace linings UDC 66.043.13:677.523BS6466:1984 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Refractory Products Standards
2、 Committee, was published under the authorityof the Board of BSI andcomes into effect on 31August1984 BSI 08-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RPE/9 Draft for comment 82/73301 DC ISBN 0 580 13890 9 Committees responsible for this British Stand
3、ard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Refractory Products Standards Committee (RPE/-) to Technical Committee RPE/9 upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Electrical Appliances Association of Manufacturers of Mineral Fibr
4、e Insulation British Ceramic Research Association British Steel Industry Combustion Engineering Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Institute of Refractories Engineers National Coal Board Refractories Association of Great
5、 Britain Coopted member The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard: Health and Safety Executive Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 4870 June 1985 6748 October 1991 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS6466:1984 BSI 08-1999 i Contents Pa
6、ge Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Section 1. General 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 Section 2. Design considerations 3 Design criteria 1 4 Lining systems 2 5 Anchoring systems 3 6 Thermal design for steady conditions 4 7 Thermal design for intermittent heating 5 8 Protection agains
7、t erosion, abrasion and corrosion 7 Section 3. Design for installation 9 In situ linings 9 10 Prefabricated modular linings 19 Section 4. Site arrangements 11 Preparations for installation of ceramic fibre linings 30 Section 5. Installation procedures 12 Surface preparation, fixing of anchoring and
8、supporting attachments 30 13 In situ linings 32 14 Prefabricated modular linings 34 15 Veneer systems 36 Section 6. Inspection, testing and repair 16 Inspection and testing 38 17 Repair techniques 38 Section 7. Health and safety considerations 18 Potential hazards of man-made mineral fibres 39 Appen
9、dix A Text deleted 41 Figure 1 Twist-lock anchor 3 Figure 2 Threaded anchor 4 Figure 3 Overlapped joint stud pattern (roof) 10 Figure 4 Butt joint stud pattern 11 Figure 5 Shingled joint stud pattern (walls or roof) 12 Figure 6 Layered blanket linings: typical internal corner detail 12 Figure 7 Laye
10、red blanket linings: alternative internal corner detail 13 Figure 8 Layered blanket linings: external corners 14 Figure 9 Door seal (stacked module on board) 15 Figure 10 Door seal (section through deep door) 15 Figure 11 Door seal (rebated module) 16 Figure 12 Door seal (wall to roof) 16 Figure 13
11、Side view of furnace showing preferred door movement 17 Figure 14 Alloy steel box support 17 Figure 15 Steel angle frame 18 Figure 16 Burner block construction 18 Figure 17 Bolted-on vacuum formed burner quarl assembly 19 Figure 18 Support of typical ceramic fibre quarl in ceramic fibre lining 20BS6
12、466:1984 ii BSI 08-1999 Page Figure 19 Arrangement of lining around quarl of dense refractory material 21 Figure 20 Lining construction adjacent to burner quarl when dimension A B is20mm 22 Figure 21 Typical anchoring system for stacked module (group A) 23 Figure 22 Typical pleated module (group A)
13、24 Figure 23 Typical anchoring system for a furnace construction module (group B) 25 Figure 24 Typical anchoring system for vacuum formed box type module (group C) 26 Figure 25 Corner detail of pleated group A module 26 Figure 26 Corner detail for stacked fibre group A module 27 Figure 27 Corner jun
14、ction using box type group C modules 27 Figure 28 Corner junction using box type group C modules (alternative design) 28 Figure 29 Corner junction using furnace construction modules (group B) 28 Figure 30 Door seals for vacuum formed modular construction 29 Figure 31 Typical stud pattern around a sm
15、all flue opening 30 Figure 32 Typical stud pattern around a large flue opening 31 Figure 33 Typical stud pattern around a burner block 31 Figure 34 Blanket cutter 33 Figure 35 Typical wet felt stud patterns (butt joint) 34 Figure 36 Typical wet felt stud patterns (overlap joints) 35 Figure 37 Typica
16、l junction detail between roof and walls (group C) 36 Figure 38 Fairing steps in refractory prior to veneering 37 Figure 39 Method of anchoring stud into refractory 38 Table 1 Maximum tip temperatures for typical metal anchoring orsupportcomponents 4 Table 2 External heat losses and cold face temper
17、atures 6 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6466:1984 BSI 08-1999 iii Foreword This British Standard code of practice has been prepared under the direction of the Refractory Products Standards Committee to recommend good working practice for the design and installation of ceramic fibrous ma
18、terials which are used as insulating linings for furnace construction. Good working practice has now developed to the point where its definition is possible but nevertheless new ideas continue to be introduced. The code tries to recognize this and to set out guiding principles on which their accepta
19、bility can be judged. Since design and installation are closely interrelated, it is recommended that designers also make provision for the installation stage. Almost everything that the installer does should at least be considered and very frequently thought out in advance in some detail. This is pa
20、rt of good design. It is characteristic of many construction materials and systems that limitations to their acceptable use are often hard to define quantitatively; yet somehow the code has to do this. The range of demands on performance and reliability, arising quite objectively from the varying ci
21、rcumstances of operation and maintenance, is significant and the code recognizes this by reference to a “high reliability” level of practice in addition to a level acceptable where the higher cost of the former is not justified. Some of these factors have relevance to the use of refractory materials
22、 other than fibrous and if the present code, as is to be hoped, finds wide acceptance it may also help in the formulation of codes for other areas of refractories technology. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are res
23、ponsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1to 42, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has be
24、en updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS6466:1984 BSI 08-1999 1 Section 1. General 1 Scope This code of practice recommends good working practice for the design and installation of ins
25、ulating linings for furnaces where ceramic fibrous materials comprise the whole or a significant part of the lining. The code is concerned with furnaces generally operating at temperatures of800 C and over and mainly with clean conditions; abrasion and slagging, etc are excluded. NOTE 1This code is
26、intended to be read in association with BS7225-3.1. NOTE 2The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions The definitions given in BS3446-1 apply, together with the following. 2.1 sprayable ceramic fibre a system comprising pre-treated b
27、ulk fibre blended with a non-corrosive binder system. The system is capable of being applied by means of a spraying device or gun in order to form a monolithic lining which can be applied rapidly 2.2 thermal resistance the reciprocal of thermal conductance. Unit: mm 2 K/W NOTEFor a structure having
28、plane and parallel faces, the thermal resistance is equal to the thickness divided by the thermal conductivity. The usefulness of this quantity is that, when heat passes in succession through two or more components of a structure, the resistances can be added together; the total thus obtained is the
29、 thermal resistance of the compound structure. 2.3 layered lining lining that is composed of several layers of insulating materials 2.4 mastic a putty-like material containing ceramic fibres and binders which is used for filling voids in cup-locks and other such applications 2.5 composite module a m
30、odule which comprises layers of different materials 2.6 pleated blanket module a construction in which a continuous length of ceramic fibre blanket is pleated in such a way that the fibre orientation is substantially normal to the plane of the lining 2.7 overlapped joint a single layer of ceramic fi
31、bre blanket is applied to overlap the adjacent blanket 2.8 shingled joint a method of applying double layers of ceramic fibre blanket in such a way that half the width of each layer overlaps half the width of the adjacent layer 2.9 tip temperature the highest temperature of a metal component in a li
32、ning close to the hot face. Section 2. Design considerations 3 Design criteria NOTEIt is important not only that the design criteria should be understood and agreed but also that there should be a common basis when contractors are tendering. 3.1 Design of furnace linings should be based on the follo
33、wing objectives: a) to achieve the required thermal design criteria including agreed thermal resistance, thermal capacity or both; b) to ensure that the operating temperatures for each of the component parts of the lining, both metallic and ceramic, will be acceptable in relation to the expected lif
34、e; c) to ensure similarly that the mechanical construction is suitable for the expected duty and life; d) to ensure that all significant features of the construction are given appropriate attention, while at the same time not precluding the installation contractor from applying his experience and ut
35、ilizing improved techniques, etc; e) to ensure that the design requirements are fully understood and agreed with the installation contractor before commencement of the work; f) to ensure that the design requirements are based on careful consideration of the operating conditions by the purchaser and
36、the design contractor.BS6466:1984 2 BSI 08-1999 3.2 The design may be based on either of the following: a) standard design; b) high reliability design. The “standard design” should be used in circumstances where long life without maintenance is not essential, for example, where operation is intermit
37、tent and allows opportunity for maintenance at reasonably frequent intervals. The “high reliability design” should be adopted in circumstances where continuous, reliable operation and long life are essential. The aim of designs produced on this basis will be life expectancy, without significant main
38、tenance, for periods of5 to10years or more under the agreed operating conditions. While it is not intended that there should be binding agreement on life expectancy, there should nevertheless be agreement between contractor and purchaser on the basis for decisions that affect the lining life, partic
39、ularly the choice of design temperature limits for materials. 4 Lining systems 4.1 In situ linings 4.1.1 Layered blanket. This lining may be graded in quality and/or density and is impaled on special steel alloy studs attached to the furnace casing. The lining may also provide for the inclusion of c
40、onventional slab or fibrous insulation. 4.1.2 Stacked blanket. This blanket may be secured to the furnace structure by steel alloy rods passed through fibre strips at intervals and supported from the casing or furnace structure by brackets designed for the purpose. 4.1.3 Board with insulation backin
41、g. This lining is similar to the layered blanket (see4.1.1) but with board as the hot face layer. 4.1.4 Protection with alloy mesh. A sheet or mesh of heat-resisting alloy is used to protect ceramic fibre blanket or felt against erosion or abrasion (see8.2.2). 4.1.5 Veneers. Veneers may be fixed by
42、an adhesive or metal anchorage. Veneering should not be regarded as a high reliability system. 4.1.6 Sprayable lining. This lining may be graded in quality, and may be sprayed on as a full thickness or sprayed onto ceramic fibre or refractory substrates. It may include some form of anchorage. 4.2 Pr
43、efabricated modular linings 4.2.1 General. Modules have extended the use of ceramic fibres in furnace linings because of their better resistance to high velocity gases, particulate abrasion and mechanical abuse. This is especially so with the vacuum formed product where a tough outer shell of cerami
44、c fibre protects the internal and backing insulation from contact with the furnace gases. Vacuum formed fibre has greater resistance to mechanical damage and both vacuum formed and stacked fibres have better resistance than layered blanket to high velocity gases though stacked fibre has a higher the
45、rmal conductivity. 4.2.2 Vacuum formed modules. Vacuum formed modules of relatively weak ceramic fibrous material acquire form and strength that gives some resistance to gas erosion, abrasive particles and mechanical abuse. The modules respond well to handling during installation and maintenance. Th
46、e modules are generally of hollow form thereby allowing the interior to be filled with graded layers of blanket or other insulants. Filling at site is not recommended. Complete works fabrication should be carried out. Anchors (see clause 5) are generally fabricated from heat-resisting alloy plate. 4
47、.2.3 Stacked modules. These modules are typically about300mm square. Backing may be sheet steel or steel mesh which is usually linked with an in-built stud system to allow rapid installation by gun welding. When steel backing is used, this may sometimes form part of the furnace design. The blankets
48、may be attached either by a system of metal anchorages or adhesive; adhesive alone should not be used for high reliability work. These modules are normally installed so that the planes of the blankets in adjacent modules are at90 to each other to offset the effects of thermal shrinkage. 4.2.4 Compos
49、ite modules. These modules have a stack-bonded hot face layer of ceramic fibre which is fixed to one or more layers of other suitable backing fibre or insulating slab. The immediate backing layer may be of bonded vermiculite slab, with secondary backing of mineral fibre blanket or calcium silicate slab. The module may also incorporate a final backing plate of steel sheet to form part of the furnace structure. Anchorage may be by means of serrated alloy studs and alloy locking washers (or cup-loc
