1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7463-3: 1991 ISO 9184-3: 1990 Fibre furnish analysis of paper, board and pulps Part 3: Method of test by Herzberg stainBS7463-3:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Paper and PrintingStandards Policy Committee, was published under the authori
2、ty of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 28June1991 BSI 08-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PAM/11 Draft for comment 88/45951 DC ISBN 0 580 19827 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Sta
3、ndard was entrusted by the Paper and Printing Standards Policy Committee (PAM/-) to Technical Committee PAM/11, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Fibreboard Packaging Association British Paper and Board Industry Federation (PIF) British Printing Industries Federation British
4、Telecommunications plc Envelope Makers and Manufacturing Stationers Association Her Majestys Stationery Office Man-made Fibres Producers Committee Ministry of Defence Pira (the Research Association for the Paper and Board, Printing and Packaging Industries) Post Office Society of British Printing In
5、k Manufacturers University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS7463-3:1991 BSI 08-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative reference 1 3 Principle 1 4 Reagents 1
6、 5 Procedure 1 6 Expression of results and test report 1 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 3 Table 1 Colour chart for Herzberg stain 2 Publication(s) referred to Inside back coverBS7463-3:1991 ii BSI 08-1999 National foreword This Part of BS 7463 has been prepared under the direction of the Paper a
7、nd Printing Standards Policy Committee. It is identical with ISO9184-3:1990 “Paper, board and pulps Fibre furnish analysis Part3: Herzberg staining test”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provision
8、s of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-reference International Standard Corresponding British Standard ISO 9184-1:1990 BS 7463 Fibre furnish analysi
9、s of paper, board and pulps Part 1:1991 General method (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorpora
10、ted. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS7463-3:1991 BSI 08-1999 1 1 Scope This part of ISO 9184 specifies the preparation, use and colour reactions of Herzberg stain in fibre furnish analysis. It should be used in conjunction with ISO9184-1 and, if necessary, w
11、ith other staining tests defined in ISO9184-2. The Herzberg staining test is applicable to the qualitative and quantitative differentiation between chemical, mechanical and rag pulps. The stain also permits the qualitative identification of semi-chemical pulp as well as the differentiation between r
12、egenerated cellulose fibres (viscose, etc.) and synthetic fibres. 2 Normative reference The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO9184. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subj
13、ect to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO9184 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 9184-1:1990, Paper, bo
14、ard and pulps Fibre furnish analysis Part 1: General method. 3 Principle Fibres are stained with Herzberg stain and examined under the microscope. 4 Reagents CAUTION Some of the components used in preparing this stain are toxic. The stain should be prepared and handled in keeping with safe laborator
15、y practice. Use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and distilled water or water of equivalent purity. 4.1 Zinc chloride solution, saturated at room temperature. Add zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) to about100ml of warm water until an undissolved residue remains. Allow to cool to room temperature a
16、nd check that some zinc chloride crystallizes. Store in a brown reagent bottle. The solution is stable. 4.2 Iodine solution Mix 2,1 g of potassium iodide (KI) and0,1 g of iodine (I 2 ). Add5ml of water dropwise to the mixture by mean of a pipette, with constant stirring. Dissolution of the iodine in
17、to a minimum quantity of water is important, because potassium iodide is the solvent for iodine. If some iodine remains undissolved probably because the water was added too rapidly discard the solution. 4.3 Herzberg stain Mix 15 ml of the zinc chloride solution (4.1),1ml of water and the whole of th
18、e iodine solution (4.2). Allow to stand at least6h so that any precipitate formed settles. Decant the clear solution into a brown dropper bottle and add a flake of iodine. Keep in the dark when not in use. Fresh stain should be made every2 months. Before using the fresh stain, check it on known fibr
19、es. Cotton fibres should stain wine-red. A bluish colour indicates that the solution is too strong and should be diluted with a very small portion of water. Fibres of chemical pulp should stain blue to bluish-violet. A reddish colour is a sign that the zinc chloride concentration is too low. Adjust
20、by adding a few crystals of zinc chloride. 5 Procedure 5.1 Staining Stain the fibres by applying2 to3 drops of the Herzberg stain (4.3) on the fibre slide prepared in accordance with ISO9184-1. 5.2 Determination Place the stained fibre slide under the microscope and examine using a magnification of
21、40 to 120. Identify and count the fibres in accordance with ISO9184-1, on the basis of the colour developed by the Herzberg stain (seeTable 1). The shade of the blue colour obtained with chemical pulp fibres depends on the pulping process and the degree of delignification; incompletely delignified f
22、ibres have a yellow shade. The colours obtained with Herzberg stain are unstable. The blue colour of chemical pulp fibres gradually becomes darker; the yellow colour of mechanical pulp fibres assumes a greyish hue. NOTE 1In addition to the main colours obtained, there are other features that may hel
23、p in fibre furnish analysis. Herzberg stain may be used to indicate the presence of softwood sulfite fibres by virtue of the fact that the pitch content of ray cells is stained yellow. 6 Expression of results and test report Express and report the results in accordance with ISO9184-1.BS7463-3:1991 2
24、 BSI 08-1999 Table 1 Colour chart for Herzberg stain Type of pulp Colour Chemical pulp (wood, straw, esparto, etc.) Blue, bluish-violet a Mechanical pulp (wood, straw, jute, etc.) Yellow Rag pulp (cotton, linen, hemp, ramie, etc.) Wine-red Semi-chemical and chemi-mechanical pulp Dull blue, dull yell
25、ow, mottled blue and yellow Regenerated cellulose fibres (viscose etc.) Dark bluish-violet Cellulose acetate fibres Yellow Synthetic fibres Colourless to brownish-yellow a Raw softwood kraft pulp at a yield of about60% shows a dark yellow colour.BS7463-3:1991 BSI 08-1999 3 Annex A (informative) Bibl
26、iography 1 LIEBERT, E.: Die Mikroskopie des Papiers und seiner Rohstoffe. Freund, H. (Herausg.): Handbuch der Mikroskopie in der Technik, Bd. V, Teil 2, Umschau Verlag, Frankfurt a.M. 1951, pp. 643644. 2 Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard. TAPPI Test Method T401, om-88. 3 GRAFF, J.H.: A Color At
27、las for Fiber Identification. The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, WI,1940, Plate 1. 4 MADDOX, H.A.: Pulp Paper Mag. Can. 15 (1917): May3, pp. 435437.4 blankBS7463-3:1991 BSI 08-1999 Publication(s) referred to See national foreword.BS 7463-3: 1991 ISO 9184-3: 1990 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road L
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