1、BS 8476:2007Code of practice for the safe use of concrete pumpsICS 91.220NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2007
2、ISBN 978 0 580 50524 9The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference B/513Draft for comment 06/30137706 DCPublication historyFirst published April 2007Amendments issued since publicationAmd. no. Date Text affectedBS 8476:2007 BSI 2007 iBS 8476:2007ContentsForewo
3、rd iii1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions 13 Selection of personnel 34 Training and certification 45 Management of the concrete pumping operation 56 Selection of concrete pumps 77 Travelling to and from the site 88 Arrival on site and setting up the machine 99 During the pour 1010 Work with delivery li
4、nes 1211 Pumping special concretes 1412 Cleaning out the machine and delivery lines 1413 Leaving the site (lorry-mounted concrete pumps) 1514 Personal protective equipment 1515 Concrete pump examination and testing 1616 Maintenance 17AnnexesAnnex A (normative) Recommended signals 19Annex B (normativ
5、e) Inspection of delivery lines 20Annex C (informative) Pipeline wall thickness pressure Maintenance card 21Bibliography 22List of figuresFigure 1 Example concrete pump hire check list 18Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 22, an in
6、side back cover and a back cover.BS 8476:2007ii BSI 2007 This page deliberately left blank BSI 2007 iiiBS 8476:2007ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard was published by BSI and came into effect on 1 May 2007. It was prepared by Subcommittee B/513/-/8, Concrete plant, under the authori
7、ty of Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and siting. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should n
8、ot be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.It should be noted that this code of practice provides the minimum standards necessary for the operation of all types of concrete pumping equipment in addition to any
9、 other guidance and legislation that might be appropriate.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justify any course of action that deviates from its recommendations.Presentational conventionsThe provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. uprig
10、ht) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.The word “should” is used to express recommendations of
11、 this standard. The word “may” is used in the text to express permissibility, e.g. as an alternative to the primary recommendation of the clause. The word “can” is used to express possibility, e.g. a consequence of an action or an event.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not p
12、urport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS 8476:2007iv BSI 2007In particular, attention is drawn to the following statutory regulations:The Health
13、and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 1The Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005 2The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 3The Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 4The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 5The Road Traffic Act 1991 6The Con
14、struction (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations 1996 7The Management of Health and Safety Regulations 1999 8The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 9The Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 10The Work at Height Regulations 2005 11The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous
15、Occurrences Regulations 1995 12 BSI 2007 1BS 8476:20071 Scope1.1 This British Standard gives recommendations for the safe use of concrete pumping and placing equipment. 1.2 This British Standard is not applicable to plaster and screed pumps. It is not applicable to the construction of the machinery,
16、 which is covered by BS EN 12001.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply:2.1 admixturematerial which is added to concrete to change the properties of the mix2.2 ball-catcherdevice fitted to the delivery end of a delivery pipeline and designed
17、 to catch the sponge/rubber cleaning device used for cleaning the delivery lineNOTE In the piling industry, this is commonly referred to as a “blowout basket”, “washout basket” and “catch basket”.2.3 banksmanperson with appropriate training who directs vehicle movements on site2.4 boom tip safety de
18、vicedevice fitted to the end of the concrete-placing boom which is attached to the placement hose and which is designed to retain the placement hose if the coupling attaching it to the boom delivery pipeline fails2.5 competent personperson engaged by the owner who has responsibility for thorough exa
19、minations and who has had sufficient experience, instruction and training to enable them to carry out their duties2.6 concretehomogenous mix of cement, graded aggregate and water, to which additives might be added2.7 concrete-placing boomdevice to support and position the delivery pipeline NOTE 1 Fo
20、r the purposes of this standard, the term is applicable to rotary/circular distributors.NOTE 2 A concrete-placing boom is often an adjunct to the concrete pump, but is not essential in some applications.2.8 concrete pump item of plant that works by pistons or a rotary pump and is used for pumping or
21、 spraying concrete to the placing position through a delivery pipeline alone or through a delivery pipeline attached to a concrete-placing boomBS 8476:20072 BSI 20072.9 delivery pipelineslines, whether steel or rubber, through which the concrete is conveyed NOTE These include pipelines, hoses, coupl
22、ing connectors and any valves inserted in the line. Each element of the pipeline is capable of resisting the likely maximum pressure plus a safety margin exerted by the concrete pump.2.10 hirercompany, firm, person, corporation or public authority taking the owners plant on hire, including their suc
23、cessors or personal representatives2.11 interlockmechanical, electrical or other type of device, the purpose of which is to prevent the operation of hazardous machine functions under specified conditions (generally as long as a guard is not closed) BS EN 12100-12.12 lorry-mounted concrete pumpconcre
24、te pump that is mounted on a self-propelled lorry2.13 ownercompany, firm or person letting the concrete pump on hire, including their successors, assignees or personal representatives2.14 placement hoseflexible hose to provide freedom of movement in the final placing of concrete2.15 receiving hopper
25、hopper into which the mixed concrete is discharged NOTE The hopper contains the valve gear for transferring the concrete from the concrete pistons into the delivery line. It might also contain mixer paddles on a revolving shaft. Access doors and an interlocked protective grille are fitted to prevent
26、 persons from coming into contact with the moving machinery.2.16 remote control boxportable control panel, which is connected to the concrete pump by a cable or radio system, allowing the concrete pump operator to operate the machine from a remote position NOTE The control levers/switches may operat
27、e the concrete placing-boom movements, the concrete pump and the vehicle engine.2.17 safety induction traininginstruction given by the principal contractor, owner or hirer/(sub)contractor to communicate the site safety rules, safe access on the site, the location of welfare facilities, etc. NOTE The
28、 provider of the training may determine that the delivery of induction training on the first visit to the site is sufficient but insist on further training if site conditions change significantly.2.18 signallerperson with appropriate training who gives directions to the concrete pump operator by a r
29、ecognized code of signals or by verbal communication BSI 2007 3BS 8476:20072.19 sponge/rubber cleaning devicepiece of sponge rubber, usually in the shape of a ball, which is inserted into the delivery pipeline for the purpose of cleaning the inside of the pipelines and is propelled along the deliver
30、y pipeline either by the action of the pump (forward or reverse), compressed air or water pressure2.20 stabilizersstructural members on the concrete pump unit that increase the stability of the concrete pumpNOTE These may also be known as “out-riggers”.2.21 trailer-mounted concrete pumpconcrete pump
31、 that is mounted on a trailer that can be towedNOTE These may also be known as static concrete pumps, i.e. skid-mounted or fixed units.2.22 wash-out adaptershort length of pipeline with one end blanked off and a connection for a water/compressed air hose and pressure-relief valve for cleaning purpos
32、es NOTE In the piling industry, this is commonly referred to as a “blowout gun”, “blowout chamber”, “blowout cannon”, “washout gun”, “washout chamber” and “washout cannon”. 3 Selection of personnelNOTE The safe operation of a concrete pump relies heavily on the selection of suitable personnel who ar
33、e competent to carry out the required duties. 3.1 Employers should have a drugs and alcohol policy. Employers should not select anyone whose efficiency is impaired by alcohol, drugs or other influences. 3.2 The concrete pump operator should:a) be competent;b) in the case of a lorry-mounted concrete
34、pump operator, be over 21 years of age if driving a concrete pump on the highway;c) be medically fit, with particular regard to eyesight, hearing and reflexes;NOTE This recommendation may be relaxed where an individual assessment shows that an operator is able to operate a concrete pump safely.d) be
35、 physically able to operate the concrete pump safely;e) be able to judge distances, heights and clearances;f) be adequately trained and certificated for the class of concrete pump which they operate (see Clause 4);g) have suitable and sufficient knowledge of the concrete pump and its safety devices;
36、h) be fully conversant with the duties of the signaller and understand the signals in Annex A;BS 8476:20074 BSI 2007i) be authorized to operate the concrete pump; andj) in the case of a lorry-mounted concrete pump operator, be licensed to drive the appropriate class of vehicle.3.3 Evidence that the
37、operator is medically fit to operate the concrete pump should be obtained at regular intervals not exceeding 5 years.3.4 If a risk assessment or method statement indicates the need for a signaller, any signaller selected should be competent to:a) relay signals from the concrete-placing gang to the p
38、ump operator;b) direct safe movement of the concrete-placing boom, if applicable; andc) give clear and precise verbal instructions using audio equipment, e.g. a two-way radio.4 Training and certificationNOTE The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 1 requires the employer to ensure, so far as is
39、reasonably practicable, that employees receive “such information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to ensure” their health and safety at work.4.1 Training of the concrete pump operator should include:a) safety awareness;b) knowledge of the employers risk assessment; c) knowledge
40、 and use of any personal protective equipment (PPE) provided;d) safe siting, rigging and de-rigging of the concrete pump in site conditions;e) operating the concrete-placing boom safely, if applicable;f) operating the concrete pump;g) cleaning the concrete pump out;h) working with delivery lines;i)
41、basic knowledge of concrete composition;j) awareness of the dangers of compressed air;k) working adjacent to overhead power lines;l) dealing with emergency situations;m) working with blockages;n) personal health and safety considerations;o) pre-driving checks, if applicable;p) driving the lorry, if
42、applicable;q) necessary daily and weekly checks and maintenance of the concrete pump; andr) documentation in relation to the job. BSI 2007 5BS 8476:20074.2 The training should be to a national recognized standard that is measurable, e.g. the Construction Plant Competency Scheme. The completion of tr
43、aining should be followed by the issue of a certificate of training.4.3 Concrete pump operator competence can be assessed further by the attainment of a Level 2 National Vocational Qualification for Specialist Plant and Machinery Operations Concrete Pumping.4.4 Periodic assessments of each concrete
44、pump operator should be carried out by a competent person to verify the maintenance of safe standards and to assess any further training needs.4.5 Specific training and assessment should be carried out whenever an operator is transferred to a different machine.4.6 Personnel undergoing training shoul
45、d be adequately supervised.4.7 The concrete pump operator should always be able to show the owner or site management proof of training.4.8 The appointed signaller and operator should be instructed on:a) the use of the code of signals in Annex A;b) the use of any communications device supplied; andc)
46、 any special risks on the site, e.g. overhead obstructions.5 Management of the concrete pumping operation5.1 All concrete pumping pours should be planned to ensure that they are completed safely and that all foreseeable risks have been taken into account. Planning should be carried out by the concre
47、te pour supervisor who has the appropriate experience and knowledge. In cases of repetitive concrete pours, this planning might only be necessary in the first instance, with periodic reviews to ensure that no factors have changed.5.2 The concrete pump owner should be able to supply a risk assessment
48、 to the hirer/(sub)contractor, detailing the generic risks in concrete pumping.5.3 The risk assessment prepared by the concrete pump owner should include risks from working at heights. Wherever possible, the system of work adopted by the concrete pump owner should avoid the need for climbing on to t
49、he bed of the vehicle or static pump (for example, for cleaning or maintenance). If access to the bed of the concrete pump is necessary, then adequate means to gain access should be provided with the concrete pump, unless the work is only done at the concrete pump owners depot where adequate means of access are always available. Where reasonably practicable, guard rails should be provided to prevent falls from height. Where these measures do not eliminate the risk of a fall, equipment should be
