1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIg49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58m
2、ethods Part 601: Smoke densityICS 49.060Aerospace series Cables, electrical, aircraft use Test BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 3475-601:2007BS EN 3475-601:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standard was published under the author
3、ity of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 61214 5Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Commentscontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations
4、.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 3475-601:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ACE/6, Aerospace avionic electrical and fibre optic technology, to Panel ACE/6/-/2, Aerospace Cables.A list of organizations represented o
5、n this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 3475-601August 2007ICS 49.060English VersionAerospace series - Cables, electrical, aircraft use - Testmethods
6、- Part 601: Smoke densitySrie arospatiale - Cbles lectriques usagearonautique - Mthodes dessais - Partie 601: Densit defumeLuft- und Raumfahrt - Elektrische Leitungen frLuftfahrzeuge - Prfverfahren - Teil 601: RauchdichteThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2007.CEN members are boun
7、d to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN
8、Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status a
9、s theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovak
10、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for
11、CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 3475-601:2007: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Terms and definitions .4 3 Principle of method .5 4 Test apparatus .5 5 Test specimens9 6 Conditioning.10 7 Check
12、and maintenance of the test apparatus .10 8 Test performance.13 9 Calculation14 10 Requirements.15 11 Report .15 EN 3475-601:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI3 Foreword This document (EN 3475-601:2007) has been prepared by the Aer
13、ospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD, pri
14、or to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. Attention is dra
15、wn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followi
16、ng countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloven
17、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 3475-601:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI4 1 Scope This test method is intended for determination of the specific optical density of smoke generated by electrical wire/cab
18、le insulation materials due to pyrolitic decomposition under the influence of radiant heat only or with simultaneous flame application. It is used for evaluation of insulation materials of electrical wire/cable used in the interiors of aerospace vehicles but may be utilized in other applications as
19、specified in applicable procurement documents. This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of products in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or a
20、ssemblies under actual fire conditions. However results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this documen
21、t, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 DsSpecific Optical Density, is a dimensionless measure of the amount of smoke produced per unit area by a material when it is burned 2.2 Dmmaximum value of Ds, that occurs during the specified time of a test 2.3 F-mode Flaming mode, the pyrolitic dec
22、omposition of the specimen under the influence of radiant heat and with simultaneous flame application 2.4 NF-mode Non Flaming mode, the pyrolitic decomposition of the specimen under the influence of radiant heat only 2.5 T percent light transmission 2.6 Ttpercent light transmission at the time t 2.
23、7 Tm minimum percent light transmission 2.8 tDm time of the test in seconds at which the maximum optical smoke density occurs EN 3475-601:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI5 3 Principle of method The specimens are vertically arrang
24、ed in a closed test chamber and subjected to decomposition by radiant heat only or with flame application. The smoke density is measured by means of the reduction of light transmission as smoke accumulates and expressed in terms of specific optical density which is derived from a geometric factor an
25、d the measured light obscuration. 4 Test apparatus 4.1 Test chamber The test chamber shall be a square-cornered box with inside dimensions of (914 3) mm width, (610 3) mm depth, and (914 3) mm height. A typical test chamber is shown in Figure 1. The locations of size of items such as the chamber doo
26、r, chamber controls, flowmeters, etc., is optional except as mandated in the following sections. The interior surfaces (except for the chamber door, vents, etc.) shall be porcelain-enameled metal, or equivalent coated metal that is resistant to chemical attack and corrosion, and suitable for periodi
27、c cleaning. Commercially available panels of porcelain-enameled steel (interior surface) permanently laminated to a magnesia-insulation core and backed with galvanized steel (exterior surface) have been found acceptable. The chamber shall be equipped with a door such as indicated in Figure 1 to prov
28、ide convenient access for changing test specimens, and for cleaning the chamber walls as required. The door shall have a viewing window to observe the chamber interior during a test, especially when any of the flamelets extinguish. The door shall have a seal so that when it is closed during tests, t
29、here will be no leakage of chamber contents. A small positive pressure can be developed and maintained inside the test chamber. An inlet-outlet vent for pressure equalization shall be provided. The vent shall have a seal so that when it is closed during tests, there will be no leakage of chamber con
30、tents and a small positive pressure can be developed and maintained inside the test chamber. To avoid an excessive increase of pressure in the chamber during testing an airtight safety disc is required, e.g. a sheet of aluminium foil of thickness not greater then 0,04 mm and a minimum area of 800 cm
31、2shall be provided in an opening of the chamber floor. 4.2 Manometer A device such as a manometer or pressure transducer shall be provided to monitor chamber pressure and leakage. The device shall have a range up to 15 hPa, and be connected to a suitable port in the test chamber wall. 4.3 Pressure r
32、egulator A pressure regulator shall be provided that consists of an open water-filled bottle and a piece of tubing, not to exceed 3 050 mm in length, that has an inside diameter of at least 25 mm. One end of the tubing shall be connected to a port on the top or within 152 mm from the ceiling of the
33、chamber; the other end of the tubing shall be held in position 102 mm below the water surface. 4.4 Chamber wall thermocouple The temperature of the test chamber wall shall be monitored by a thermocouple suitable for measuring a temperature of 35 C. The thermocouple shall be mounted with its junction
34、 secured to the geometric centre of the inner rear wall panel of the chamber using an electrically insulating disk cover. EN 3475-601:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI6 4.5 Electric power supply At least 650 W, single phase electr
35、ic power shall be provided for the radiant heat furnace and accessories. Where line voltage fluctuations exceed 2,5 %, a constant voltage transformer shall be provided. 4.6 Radiant heat furnace 4.6.1 General An electric furnace and associated controlling devices shall be provided that is capable of
36、providing a constant thermal flux density of (25 0,5) kW/m2on the specimen surface. 4.6.2 Furnace construction The dimensions of the electric furnace are shown in Figure 2. The furnace shall be located centrally along the long axis of the chamber with the opening facing toward and approximately 305
37、mm form the right wall. The centerline of the furnace shall be approximately 197 mm above the chamber floor. 4.6.3 Heating element The heating element shall consist of a coiled wire capable of dissipating about 525 W. With the furnace installed, the heating element shall be positioned as shown in Fi
38、gure 3. 4.6.4 Furnace control system The furnace control system shall be capable to hold the settings of voltage and current which is measured by the radiant heat output at the required level of (25 0,5) kW/m2under steady-state conditions with the chamber door closed for at least 20 min. The control
39、 system shall consist of an AC solid state voltage or power controller and a voltmeter or other means for monitoring the electrical input. It is recommended to use a digital voltmeter to monitor the furnace voltage output and a digital ampere-meter to monitor the furnace current. 4.6.5 Heat flux den
40、sity gauge An air-cooled heat flux density gauge shall be provided for calibrating the output of the radiant heat furnace. The heat flux density gauge shall be a circular foil type. Compressed air at a pressure of 0,10 MPa to 0,21 MPa shall be provided to cool the heat flux density gauge. The body t
41、emperature of the heat flux density gauge shall be monitored with a thermometer having an accuracy of 1 C at 93 C in a 12,5 mm by 12,5 mm by 38 mm long brass or copper well drilled to accept the thermometer with a close fit. Silicone grease shall be used to provide good thermal contact. The circular
42、 receiving surface of the heat flux density gauge shall be spray-coated with an infrared-absorbing black paint. A voltmeter or other device which has a resolution of 0,01 mV and an accuracy of 0,3 % is required to monitor the heat flux density gauge output. EN 3475-601:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, I
43、SO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2008 03:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI7 4.7 Pilot burner system 4.7.1 Pilot burner The pilot burner shall be a straight tip burner with six tubes, as shown in Figure 4. The six tubes shall be fabricated from stainless steel tubing having an outer diameter of 3,2 mm
44、 and a inner diameter of (1,4 0,025) mm. The six tubes shall be attached to a common manifold, as shown in Figure 4 fabricated from stainless steel tubing having an outer diameter of 6,4 mm and a wall thickness of 0,9 mm. One end of the manifold shall be closed, and the other end of the manifold be
45、attached to a gas supply fitting in the chamber floor. All tubes of the pilot burner shall be directed perpendicular to the exposed surface of the specimen. 4.7.2 Pilot burner position The pilot burner shall be centred in front of and parallel to the specimen holder. The tips of the tubes shall be p
46、laced (6,4 1) mm above the lower opening of the specimen holder and (6,4 0,5) mm away from the face of the specimen surface, see Figure 4. A fixture to accurately position the pilot burner is recommended to establish a precise pilot burner position for testing, and to facilitate accurate repositioni
47、ng of pilot burner after removal and replacement. 4.7.3 Burner fuel The gas fuel for the pilot burner shall be prepared by mixing filtered oil-free air with 95 % minimum purity propane, and feeding the mixture to the pilot burner. Each gas shall be metered through separate, calibrated flowmeters and
48、 needle valves. The air-propane mixture shall consist of an air flow rate equivalent to (500 20) cm3/min (referred to 23 C and 1 013 hPa), and a propane flow rate equivalent to (50 3) cm3/min (referred to 23 C and 1 013 hPa). The compressed air supply shall be fed to its flowmeter at (0,14 0,03) MPa
49、, and the propane at (0,10 0,02) MPa. A backflow valve or a flame arrester should be provided in the lines where air and propane are mixed. 4.7.4 Igniter System An igniter system is recommended to relight the pilot burner flamlets to ensure that none of them extinguishes for more than 3 s during the test. If an electric sparking device is used, an appropriate method of suppression and an equipment shielding must be applied to have no interference with ability of data acquisition equipment to accurately record data. 4.8 Specimen holde
