1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12528:1999 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12528:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 97.140 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Castors and wheels Castors for furniture RequirementsBS EN 12528:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering
3、Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 March 1999 BSI 03-1999 ISBN 0 580 30650 X Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12528:199
4、8. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/7, Industrial trucks Safety, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep
5、 the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publi
6、cations referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary prov
7、isions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7
8、 and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref
9、. No. EN 12528:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12528 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM September 1998 ICS 97.140 Descriptors: furniture, wheels, castors, characteristics, dimensions, product requirements, classification, tests, conformity tests, markin g English version Castors and wheels Castors for
10、furniture Requirements Roues et roulettes Roulettes pour meubles Prescriptions Ra der und Rollen Mo belrollen Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 August 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givin
11、g this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versio
12、ns (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cz
13、ech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 12528:1998 BSI 03-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 324, Castors and
14、 wheels, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1999. Acc
15、ording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portug
16、al, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Dimensions and classification 3 4.1 Fixing system 3 4.2 Castor type 3 4.3 Dimensions 3 4.4 Performance level 4 5 Requirements 4 5.1 Standard conditions 4 5.2 Impact pe
17、rformance 4 5.3 Electrical resistance test 5 5.4 Manual locking device 5 5.5 Dynamic test 5 5.6 Rolling resistance 6 5.7 Swivel resistance 6 5.8 Static load performance 6 5.9 Stem retention 7 6 Conformity 7 7 Marking of the product 7 7.1 Product marking 7 7.2 Marking of electrically conductive or an
18、tistatic castor(s)/wheel(s) 7Page 3 EN 12528:1998 BSI 03-1999 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the technical requirements, the appropriate dimensions and the requirements for testing. This European Standard applies to castors for general furniture applications, but specifically excludes thos
19、e for swivel chairs and other specialized applications. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter.
20、For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply only to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 12526:1998, Castors and wheels Voc
21、abulary, recommended symbols and multilingual dictionary. EN 12527:1998, Castors and wheels Test methods and apparatus. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this European Standard, definitions and recommended symbols of EN 12526:1998 apply. 4 Dimensions and classification The characteristics of a castor
22、 are: fixing system; castor type; dimensions; performance level. 4.1 Fixing system The fixing system includes top plates, stem and circlip, threaded stem and other fixing systems. Fixings shall be chosen with reference to the application of the castor. 4.2 Castor type Castors are classified into fou
23、r types (H, W, C and S). These all apply to the castor designs illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3. 4.2.1 Type H Castors with plain wheels are defined as type H, hard tread. NOTE These castors are suitable for carpeted floors. 4.2.2 Type W Castors with resilient tyred wheels are defined as type W, sof
24、t tread. NOTE These castors are suitable for hard stone, wooden or tiled floors or those featuring non-textiled covering. 4.2.3 Type C Castors which are electrically conductive. Type C castors may have a hard or soft tread. NOTE These castors shall have either modified type H or type W wheels. 4.2.4
25、 Type S Inclined axle castor. 4.3 Dimensions The Figures 1, 2 and 3 show typical castor designs; Table 1 shows the specified dimensions. Figure 1 Single-wheel swivel castor Figure 2 Twin wheel swivel castor Figure 3 Inclined axle castor The wheel(s) of a fixed castor shall conform to the dimensions
26、shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 (as appropriate).Page 4 EN 12528:1998 BSI 03-1999 Table 1 Specified dimensions Dimensions in millimetres and angles in degrees Description Castor designs Symbol Dimension Wheel diameter All D min. 20 Tread width Single wheel castors T 3 min. 7,5 Twin wheel castors min. 23
27、 5 External corner radius All r 3 min. 1,5 Tread curvature Single wheel castors r 5 min. 110 Angle of inclination Inclined axle castors b max. 25 4.4 Performance level The requirements for castors will vary dependent on the environment in which they are intended to be used. The levels are shown in T
28、able 2. Table 2 Levels of performance Level Load capacity L 1 N 1 100 2 200 3 300 4 400 5 Requirements Testing requirements for castors and wheels are listed below. Test apparatus and procedures are defined in EN 12527:1998. 5.1 Standard conditions 5.1.1 Environmental conditions Tests shall be carri
29、ed out at a temperature between 178C and 238C. During the 24 h prior to the test the sample(s) shall remain at the above temperature, in an environment with a relative humidity between 40 % and 70 %. Sample(s) shall not be artificially cooled during testing. 5.1.2 Test sequence A new castor shall be
30、 taken and the impact test performed. A second new castor(s) shall be taken and the remaining tests performed in the sequence shown in Table 3. 5.2 Impact performance 5.2.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.12 of EN 12527:1998. Table 3 Test sequence for castor designs and test
31、procedure reference Reference Test sequence Castors designs Test procedure reference 5.2 Impact performance All 4.12 5.3 Electrical resistance Castors Type C 4.4 5.4 Manual locking device Castors with manual locking devices 4.6 5.5 Dynamic All 4.13 5.6 Rolling resistance All 4.15 5.7 Swivel resistan
32、ce Swivel castors 4.16 5.9 Stem retention All 4.9 5.8 Static load All 4.17 5.2.2 Test values Test values are listed in Table 4. Table 4 Impact performance Performance level Free falling mass L 5 Drop height h 2 kg mm 1 2,5 150 2 5,0 150 3 5,0 200 4 5,0 300Page 5 EN 12528:1998 BSI 03-1999 5.2.3 Toler
33、ances The tolerances are: Symbol Tolerance Unit Acceptable L 5 kg % 0 +2 h 2 mm 0 +3 5.2.4 Acceptance criteria No part of a castor shall become detached during the tests with the loads and drop heights specified in Table 4. On completion of the test the rolling, pivoting or braking performance shall
34、 not be impaired. 5.3 Electrical resistance test 5.3.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.4 of EN 12527:1998 5.3.2 Test values The test values are listed below. Symbol Value Description L 1 variable load capacity L 17 5%t o1 0%o fL 1 test load R variable measured electrical resi
35、stance 5.3.3 Tolerances The tolerance is: Symbol Tolerance Unit Acceptable L 1 N % 0 +2 L 17 N % 0 +2 5.3.4 Acceptance criteria The resistance R of the sample tested shall be: conductive castor(s) or wheel(s): R# 10 4 V; antistatic castor(s) or wheel(s): 10 5 # R# 10 7 V. 5.4 Manual locking device 5
36、.4.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.6 of EN 12527:1998. 5.4.2 Test values The test values are listed below. Symbol Value Description L 1 variable load capacity as test load K 1 20 % of L 1 horizontal tractive force 5.4.3 Tolerances The tolerances are: Symbol Tolerance Unit A
37、cceptable L 1 N % 0 +2 K 1 N % 0 +4 The tolerance of the time of application of load (10 s) is s. 0 +2 5.4.4 Acceptance criteria The wheel does not revolve around its axis when a force K 1 is applied. 5.5 Dynamic test 5.5.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.13 of EN 12527:1998.
38、 5.5.2 Test values The test values are listed below. Symbol Value for type H castor Value for type W castor Value for type S castor Description L 1 variable variable variable load capacity as test load L 7 125 % of L 1 125 % of L 1 125 % of L 1 test load h 1 2 mm 2 mm 0 mm height of obstacles r 2 50
39、0 cycles 1 000 cycles 1 000 cycles number of cycles z 1 3 min 3 min 3 min running period z 2 2 min 2 min 2 min pause period z 3 6,5 cycles per min 6,5 cycles per min 6,5 cycles per min speedPage 6 EN 12528:1998 BSI 03-1999 5.5.3 Tolerances The tolerances are: Symbol Tolerance Unit Acceptable L 1 N %
40、 0 +2 L 7 N % 0 +2 h 1 mm % 25 0 r 2 % 0 +1 z 1 min 10 s z 2 min 10 s z 3 cycles/min % 23 0 The tolerances are: of the obstacle width (50 mm): 2% ; of the angle of 908 to the running direction: 38; of the running distance of 1 m: mm. 0 +25 5.5.4 Acceptance criteria No castor or a part of a castor sh
41、all become detached during the tests. Each castor shall still be capable of carrying out its function at the end of the test programme. On completion of the test the rolling, pivoting or braking performance shall not be impaired. 5.6 Rolling resistance 5.6.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures
42、 Detailed in 4.15 of EN 12527:1998. 5.6.2 Test values The test values are listed below. Symbol Value Description L 1 variable load capacity as test load L 8 33 L 1 test load (including frame) v 3 50 mm/s travel speed 5.6.3 Tolerances The tolerances are: Symbol Tolerance Unit Acceptable L 1 N % 0 +2
43、L 8 N % 0 +2 v 3 mm/s 5% 5.6.4 Acceptance criteria The horizontal force w 3 shall not exceed 15 % of L 8 . 5.7 Swivel resistance 5.7.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.16 of EN 12527:1998. 5.7.2 Test values The test values are listed below. Symbol Value Description L 1 variabl
44、e load capacity as test load L 9 L 1 per castor applied load (dependent on the number of castors fitted in the test rig) v 3 50 mm/s travel speed 5.7.3 Tolerances The tolerances are: Symbol Tolerance Unit Acceptable L 1 N % 0 +2 v 3 mm/s 5% The tolerance of the angular position of the castor to the
45、running direction (908) is: 38. 5.7.4 Acceptance criteria The horizontal force w 4 shall not exceed 20 % of L 9 . 5.8 Static load performance 5.8.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.9 of EN 12527:1998. 5.8.2 Test values The test values are listed below. Symbol Value Description
46、 L 1 variable load capacity as test load y 1 2 load factor y 2 24 h time of application load y 3 24 h elapsed time prior to inspection 5.8.3 Tolerances The tolerances are: Symbol Tolerance Unit Acceptable L 1 N % 0 +2 y 2 h min 0 +15 y 3 h 1hPage 7 EN 12528:1998 BSI 03-1999 5.8.4 Acceptance criteria
47、 Wheel deformation measured after a time y 3 shall not exceed 3 % of the wheel diameter. On completion of the test the rolling, pivoting or braking performance shall not be impaired. 5.9 Stem retention 5.9.1 Test objectives, apparatus and procedures Detailed in 4.17 of EN 12527:1998. 5.9.2 Test valu
48、es The test values are listed below. Symbol Value for circlip stems Value for other stems Description L 10 15 N 30 N minimum pull-out force 5.9.3 Acceptance criteria The minimum force required to remove the stem from the castor shall be not less than L 10 . 6 Conformity The manufacturer declares on
49、request by a certificate of conformity that the castors are in accordance with the requirements as stated in this document. The type of testing machine shall be stated in the conformity document. 7 Marking of the product 7.1 Product marking All the products shall be permanently marked with a name and/or trade mark of the manufacturer. 7.2 Marking of electrically conductive or antistatic castor(s)/wheel(s) All products shall bear on their outer surface a clearly visible yellow mark, and whe
