1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14291:2004 Foam producing solutions for leak detection on gas installations The European Standard EN 14291:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 23.040.99 BS EN 14291:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Comm
2、ittee on 30 November 2004 BSI 30 November 2004 ISBN 0 580 44909 2 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14291:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PSE/2, Jointing materials and compounds, which has the res
3、ponsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Additional information Attention is drawn to the fact that in the United Kingdom concerns have been raised over the possibility of corrosion being caused as a result of certain constitu
4、ents that are permitted in leak detection solutions complying with this standard. There is concern over the corrosion of thin-wall stainless steel tube when coming into contact with solutions containing the levels of halogens permitted by the standard and the following recommendations should be cons
5、idered when applying the standard. “Leak detection solutions containing more than 30 parts per million of halogens shall not be used on stainless steel components.” Similarly there is concern over the corrosion of brass and copper components when coming into contact with solutions containing ammonia
6、 and the following recommendations should be considered when applying the standard. “Leak detection solutions containing ammonia shall not be used on brass or copper components; the absence of ammonia being demonstrated by the fluid having a pH not exceeding 7,0.” It is similarly recommended that th
7、e Instructions for Use shall include the instruction “After using this leak detecting solution, the tested joint shall be washed clean to ensure the removal of any residual solution which could result in the corrosion of the pipework or fittings.” Cross-references The British Standards which impleme
8、nt international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does
9、not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European
10、committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2
11、 to 9 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14291 November2004 ICS23.040.99 Englishversion Foamproducingsolutionsfor
12、leakdetectionongasinstallations Solutionpourledtectiondesfuitesauxinstallationsde gaz SchaumbildendeLsungenzuLecksuchean Gasinstallationen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon23September2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEur
13、ope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlang
14、uagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,I
15、taly,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploi
16、tationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN14291:2004:EEN 14291:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Requirements.6 4.1 Surface tension6 4.2 Foam stability.6 4.3 Corrosiveness6 4.4 pH-val
17、ue6 4.5 Compatibility with non-hardening sealing materials and lubricants .6 4.6 Flammability.6 4.7 Freezing point 6 4.8 Toxicological harmlessness.6 5 Test samples and documentation7 5.1 Test samples 7 5.2 Documentation.7 6 Test methods7 6.1 Determination of surface tension.7 6.2 Determination of f
18、oam stability7 6.3 Determination of corrosiveness.8 6.3.1 Corrosion attack on steel8 6.3.2 Determination of anions8 6.3.3 Corrosion attack on spray can .8 6.4 Determination of pH-value 9 6.5 Test of the compatibility with non-hardening sealing materials and lubricants.9 6.6 Determination of inflamma
19、bility.9 6.7 Determination of freezing point9 7 Marking .9 EN 14291:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14291:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 108 “Sealing materials and lubricants for gas appliances and gas equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European St
20、andard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
21、 organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak
22、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 14291:2004 (E) 4 Introduction There are different methods to detect and localize leaks on gas installation and gas equipment. One commonly used method is the application of surface-active aqueous solutions of detergents that produce foa
23、m on leaking gas installations. This standard specifies several important requirements for foam producing solutions especially for the detection of small leaks e.g. surface tension, foam stability, corrosiveness, and compatibility with sealing materials and lubricants. It should be mentioned that ex
24、cessive and repeated use of these aqueous detergent solutions on old threaded joints sealed with natural fibres (e. g. hemp or flax) and unsuitable sealing materials can temporarily seal a leaking joint by swelling of the natural fibres. Since some plastic and copper pipe materials may be attacked b
25、y surface-active aqueous solutions of detergents used for leak detection, it is generally recommended to rinse plastic and copper pipes with water after leak detection by foam producing solutions according to this standard. EN 14291:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies requirements and test me
26、thods of foam producing solutions for leak detection (hereafter called leak detection solution) used for leak detection of combustible gases of the 1 stfamily (town gas), 2 ndfamily (natural gas), and 3 rdfamily (liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) (see EN 437) within the temperature range of 15 C or 0
27、C to 50 C. It is applicable for leak detection solutions, which are delivered as ready to use solutions, e.g. in spray cans. Note The leak detection solution covered by this document may also be used for other compressed gases. In this case the producer has to be consulted. 2 Normative references Th
28、e following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 377, Lubricants for applications in appliances a
29、nd associated controls using combustible gases except those designed for use in industrial processes. EN 437, Test gases - Test pressures - Appliance categories. EN 456, Paints, varnishes and related products - Determination of flashpoint - Rapid equilibrium method (ISO 3679:1983, modified). EN 751
30、- 2, Sealing materials for metallic threaded joints in contact with 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rdfamily gases and hot water - Part 2: Non-hardening jointing compounds. EN 1412, Copper and copper alloys - European numbering system. EN 10027 - 1, Designation systems for steel - Part 1: Steel names, principal
31、 symbols EN ISO 10304 - 1:1995, Water quality - Determination of dissolved fluoride, chloride, nitrite, orthophosphate, bromide, nitrate and sulfate ions, using liquid chromatography of ions - Part 1: Method for water with low contamination (ISO 10304-1:1992). ISO 304, Surface active agents - Determ
32、ination of surface tension by drawing up liquid films. ISO 696, Surface active agents - Measurement of foaming power - Modified Ross-Miles-method. ISO 3819, Laboratory glassware - Beakers. ISO 6974-4, Natural gas- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography- Part 4 De
33、termination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns. ASTM D 1177, Standard test method for freezing point of aqueous engine coolants. EN 14291:2004 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document th
34、e following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 foam producing leak detection solution aqueous solution with low surface tension, which indicates small gas leaks by formation of foam bubbles 3.2 gas family for further information on types of gases see EN 437 4 Requirements 4.1 Surface tension Leak dete
35、ction solutions shall enable the detection of small gas leaks, therefore the surface tension shall be 30 mN/m. 4.2 Foam stability Foam produced according to 6.2 shall be a maximum of 50 % decomposed 10 min after preparation. 4.3 Corrosiveness When testing the corrosion attack on steel pipe sections
36、according to 6.3.1 the loss in mass by corrosion shall be lower than 20 mg. Leak detection solutions shall contain less than 200 mg/l halogens (F and CI ), less than 1000 mg/l f sulfates (SO 4 2- ) and shall not corrode the containers, they are filled in. 4.4 pH-value The pH-value shall be within th
37、e range of 6 to 8. 4.5 Compatibility with non-hardening sealing materials and lubricants Leak detection solutions shall not attack soft white paraffin jelly (white Vaseline) used for medical treatment as replacement for non-hardening sealing materials according to EN 751-2 and lubricants according t
38、o EN 377) or remove it from the metal surface when tested according to 6.5. 4.6 Flammability The flash point determined according to 6.6 shall be higher than 55 C. The propellant used in spray cans shall not be flammable. 4.7 Freezing point The freezing point of leak detection solutions for low temp
39、erature application determined according to 6.7 shall be equal or lower than -15 C. 4.8 Toxicological harmlessness The formulation of the leak detection solutions shall be toxicologically harmless. EN 14291:2004 (E) 7 5 Test samples and documentation 5.1 Test samples The manufacturer or supplier sha
40、ll submit 5 spray cans or 2 l leak detection solution in its original container(s) for the tests. 5.2 Documentation The following documentation shall be submitted: a) Appropriate health and safety data sheets; b) Information on propellants used; c) Application and handling instructions. 6 Test metho
41、ds 6.1 Determination of surface tension The determination of the surface tension of leak detection solutions is performed according to ISO 304 with a platinum ring at (20 0,5) C. The instrument is calibrated with double distilled water and toluene. The measured surface tension is corrected according
42、 to Harkins and Jordan by subtracting 1,9 mN/m from the measured value. 6.2 Determination of foam stability The determination of foam stability is performed according to ISO 696 but with a 250 ml measuring cylinder, 150 ml leak detection solution and at a test temperature of (23 2) C. 15 ml of the l
43、eak detection solution is poured into the measuring cylinder before starting the test. The volume of foam is registered according to ISO 696, 30 s after the solution is poured into the cylinder and again after 10 min. The foam stability is calculated as the arithmetic mean value of 3 individual dete
44、rminations on samples taken from different spray cans or containers. EN 14291:2004 (E) 8 6.3 Determination of corrosiveness 6.3.1 Corrosion attack on steel Three precision steel pipe sections 32 mm x 3 mm (steel code S235G2T according to EN 10027-1), length (20 0,5) mm, and three pipe sections of co
45、pper/zinc alloy (brass) CuZn 37according to EN 1412 25 mm x 1,5 mm, length (25 0,5) mm are cleaned first with toluene and then with acetone to remove any adhering corrosion protection means or cutting oil. Afterwards the parts are treated for (15 1) min at (23 2) C with 100 ml 4 mol/l hydrochloric a
46、cid containing 1 g hexamethylene tetramine per litre as inhibitor and 1 % m/m of sodium dodecylsulfate as detergent to remove scales and corrosion products. Thereafter the parts are carefully washed with distilled water until chloride is no longer detectable in the washing water when adding a few dr
47、ops of silver nitrate solution (precipitate when containing chloride), rinsed with acetone, dried in a desiccator for (15 + 5) min at reduced pressure ( 25 mbar) over anhydrous calcium chloride. The steel pipe sections are weighed to the nearest 1 mg (values a 1 , a 2and a 3 ). The cleaned and dried
48、 pipe sections shall no longer be touched with bare hands. In each steel pipe section a brass pipe section is inserted and eccentrically fixed by pressing a small plastic plug (e.g. PE) between the pipe sections. The shorter steel pipe section is symmetrically fixed on the longer brass pipe section. The pipe sections are laid in beakers according to ISO 3819, capacity 250 ml, each containing about 45 ml leak detection solution. The pipe sections are three times rolled to and fro to wet the surface evenly. The pipe sections are then placed in the middle of the beaker
