1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16602-70-21:2014Space product assurance Flammability testing for thescreening of space materialsBS EN 16602-70-21:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN16602-70-21:2014. It supersedes BS EN 14090:2002 which iswithdraw
2、n.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/68, Space systems and operations.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract.
3、Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 84601 4ICS 13.220.40; 49.025.01; 49.140Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published u
4、nder the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16602-70-21:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16602-70-21 October 2014 ICS 13.220.40; 49.025.01; 49.140 Supersedes EN 14090
5、:2002 English version Space product assurance - Flammability testing for the screening of space materials Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Essai de flammabilit pour la slection des matriaux dun projet spatial Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Brennverhaltenstest fr die Auswahl von Raumfahrtmateria
6、lien This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 April 2014. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibl
7、iographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation unde
8、r the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cro
9、atia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
10、United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16602-70-21:2014 E BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E)
11、2 Table of contents Foreword 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 7 3.1 Terms from other standards 7 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 7 3.3 Abbreviated terms. 7 4 Principles 8 4.1 Test methods 8 4.2 Screening tests . 8 4.2.1 Overview . 8 4.2
12、.2 Screening Test 1: Upward propagation test 8 4.2.3 Screening Test 2: Standard test method for the determination of the oxygen concentration limit during the combustion of polymer materials . 9 4.2.4 Screening Test 3: Electrical wire insulation flammability test method 9 4.3 Configuration test . 9
13、4.4 Additional tests . 9 5 Requirements 10 5.1 Test procedure . 10 5.1.1 Preparatory conditions 10 5.1.2 Test methods 11 5.2 Quality assurance . 20 5.2.1 Data 20 5.2.2 Nonconformance . 21 5.2.3 Calibration . 21 5.2.4 Traceability . 21 Annex A (normative) Test report DRD 22 Annex B (informative) Test
14、 procedures 25 BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 3 Annex C (informative) Preparation and qualification of chemical igniters 30 Annex D (informative) Graphical information . 38 Bibliography . 47 Figures Figure D-1 Diagram of the equipment used to determine the oxygen concentration limit 3
15、8 Figure D-2 Frame used to fix the sample 39 Figure D-3 Sample holder 40 Figure D-4 Sample holder 41 Figure D-5 : Samples from thermoplastic polymer materials . 42 Figure D-6 : Test set up for flammability of electric wires under heated wire conditions at 25 % by volume oxygen . 43 Figure D-7 Genera
16、l arrangement of modified burner and flame dimensions . 45 Figure D-8 General arrangement of apparatus for flammability test 46 Tables Table D-1 : Description of test equipment as per Figure D-6 43 BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16602-70-21:2014) has been
17、prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16602-70-21:2014) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-70-21C. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement,
18、at the latest by April 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any o
19、r all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14090:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence over an
20、y EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Cze
21、ch Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdo
22、m. BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This Standard defines a multi-test procedure for the determination of the flammability characteristics of non-metallic materials under a set of closely controlled conditions. The test procedure covers both individual materials and materials
23、used in configuration. This Standard describes a series of tests to provide data for aid in the evaluation of the suitability of materials for use in a space vehicle crew compartment. The data obtained are in respect to the ease of ignition and the flame propagation characteristics of materials. All
24、 non-metallic materials are inherently flammable, the degree to which this is true is dependant on the chemical nature of the material itself and the environment to which the material is exposed. In the closed environment of a manned spacecraft this can lead to a potentially dangerous situation and
25、close control is therefore required. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 6 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, t
26、hrough reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
27、more recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system - Glossary of terms EN 16602-10-09 ECSS-Q-ST-10-09 Space product assuran
28、ce - Nonconformance control system EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and processes DIN 50050-1:1986 Testing of materials; burning behaviour of materials; small burning cabinet ISO 6941:1984 Textile fabrics - Burning behaviour - Measurement of flame spread
29、 properties of vertically oriented specimens BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms from other standards For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 apply, in particular for the following terms: flamma
30、bility For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-Q-ST-70 apply. 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 oxygen concentration limit during the combustion of polymeric materials minimum volumetric amount of oxygen contained in the nitrogen-oxygen mixture, in the pr
31、esence of which the material can still combust after ignition from the bottom NOTE 1 It is expressed as a percentage and determined using the equation: niCCni=1limlim,3-1 NOTE 2 i.e. the arithmetic average of the concentration limit calculated as a function of the results of unit measurements of (Cl
32、im,i). 3.3 Abbreviated terms For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply: Abbreviation Meaning Clim minimum volumetric concentration of oxygen contained in an oxygen-nitrogen mixture, in the presence of which a material can still combust after
33、 ignition from the bottom. HMT hexamethylenetetramine BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 8 4 Principles 4.1 Test methods Four test methods are included within this Standard. They can be divided into two different categories: Screening tests (see clause 4.2), and Configuration tests (see c
34、lause 4.3). 4.2 Screening tests 4.2.1 Overview These are the prime tests to be performed on a material to assess its basic acceptability or otherwise with respect to flammability. They are designed to test the material under worst case test conditions, with respect to, for instance, environment, use
35、, or thickness. The following two tests form the basis for acceptance or otherwise of most non-metallic materials but are very different in the data generated: a. Test 1: Upward propagation test b. Test 2: Standard test method for the determination of the oxygen concentration limit during the combus
36、tion of polymer materials The choice of which test method is used is dependant on the project concerned and is specified within the business agreement. Test 3 “Electrical wire insulation flammability test method” is related specifically to wire insulation materials. Materials which meet the requirem
37、ents of these tests can be considered for general application, within the constraints of the test conditions used. 4.2.2 Screening Test 1: Upward propagation test The purpose of this test is to determine the flammability characteristics of candidate materials supplied to a standard format when expos
38、ed to an ignition source applied at the bottom edge. This test in general is applicable to NASA payloads (e.g. Space Station, STS). See also NASA STD 6001 Test 1. BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 9 4.2.3 Screening Test 2: Standard test method for the determination of the oxygen concentr
39、ation limit during the combustion of polymer materials The oxygen concentration limit provides a comparative evaluation of the tendency of polymeric materials to burn and to assess the fire resistance of these materials. The oxygen concentration limit during the combustion of polymer materials is co
40、nsidered as one of the main indices characterizing the risk of fire which materials present before being considered for use in environments containing various oxygen levels. 4.2.4 Screening Test 3: Electrical wire insulation flammability test method This test is designed to screen wire insulation fo
41、r flammability characteristics. 4.3 Configuration test This test is designed to determine the flammability characteristics of materials configured in the same manner as that in qualification and subsequent spacecraft models. It is intended to determine whether a flammability hazard exists when a mat
42、erial, which fails the basic screening test, is desired to be used. Materials which are shown to be acceptable in this manner can be accepted for restricted application, within the constraints of the test conditions used. Materials which fail this test are subject to a deviation request. Examples ar
43、e: a. flammable adhesives where the use is to bond two non-flammable substrates together, or b. flammable conformal coatings applied thinly to a non-flammable printed circuit board. 4.4 Additional tests These tests can be proposed related to the determination of such properties as flash and fire poi
44、nt, or heat of combustion. BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 10 5 Requirements 5.1 Test procedure 5.1.1 Preparatory conditions 5.1.1.1 Hazards, health and safety precautions a. The supplier shall isolate hazardous substances, items and operations from other activities. b. The supplier sh
45、all locate items and controls so that personnel are not exposed to hazards. NOTE Hazards can be chemical burns, electric shock, cutting edges, sharp points or toxic atmospheres. c. The supplier shall provide warning and caution notes in operations, storage, transport, testing, assembly, maintenance
46、and repair instructions. d. The supplier shall place distinctive markings on hazardous items, equipment or facilities. NOTE This marking is for personnel protection. 5.1.1.2 Preparation of samples 5.1.1.2.1 Cleaning a. The supplier shall perform on the samples the same cleaning and other treatment a
47、s those performed on the materials to be incorporated into the spacecraft. b. The supplier should not carry out further cleaning or treatment. 5.1.1.2.2 Handling, storage and environmental conditions a. The supplier shall avoid contamination of the sample during handling. NOTE This can be achieved b
48、y the use of, for instance, suitable protective gloves. BS EN 16602-70-21:2014EN 16602-70-21:2014 (E) 11 b. In addition, the supplier shall store and handle samples in a cleanliness-controlled area with an ambient temperature of (22 3) C and relative humidity of (55 10) %. NOTE 1 This can be achieve
49、d either in a conditioning room, or by the use of desiccators filled with silica gel or a saturated salt solution. NOTE 2 A saturated salt solution of calcium nitrate gives approximately 51 % humidity at the testing temperature. c. The supplier shall shield coated surfaces from contact by using polyethylene or polypropylene bags or sheets. d. The supplier shall avoid mechanical damage in the standard way by packing the polyethylene- or polypropylene-wrapped test pieces in clean, dust- and lint-free material. e. The supplier shall label limited-life material with its
