1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16602-70-45:2014Space product assurance Mechanical testing of metallicmaterialsBS EN 16602-70-45:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation ofEN 16602-70-45:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technica
2、l Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British S
3、tandards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 86586 2 ICS 49.025.01; 49.140 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30
4、November 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16602-70-45 October 2014 ICS 49.025.01; 49.140 English version Space product assurance - Mechanical testing of metallic materials Assurance produit des projets
5、 spatiaux - Essais mcaniques des matriaux mtalliques Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Mechanische Tests von metallenem Material This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 October 2014. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditio
6、ns for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standa
7、rd exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENEL
8、EC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
9、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN
10、 national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16602-70-45:2014 EBS EN 16602-70-45:2014Table of contents Foreword 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 9 3.1 Terms defined in other standards . 9 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 9 3.3
11、Abbreviated terms. 10 3.4 Symbols 11 4 Principles 12 4.1 Overview 12 4.2 Tensile test . 12 4.3 Fracture toughness test 12 4.3.1 Overview . 12 4.3.2 Determination of fracture toughness using the KIctest method 12 4.3.3 Determination of fracture toughness using the JIctest method 13 4.3.4 Characteriza
12、tion of fracture toughness using the R-curve test method 13 4.3.5 Characterization of fracture toughness using the CTOD test method 13 4.4 Fatigue test . 14 4.4.1 General . 14 4.4.2 Force controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue test . 14 4.4.3 Strain-controlled fatigue test 14 4.5 Fatigue crack
13、propagation test 14 4.5.1 Stable crack growth rate 14 4.5.2 Crack propagation threshold . 15 4.6 Fracture and fatigue test in special environment . 15 4.7 Stress corrosion cracking test . 15 4.7.1 Overview . 15 4.7.2 Stress corrosion cracking test using smooth specimens . 15 4.7.3 Stress corrosion c
14、racking test using pre-cracked specimens 16 EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20144.8 Creep test . 16 4.9 Test results presentation. 16 5 Requirements 17 5.1 Customer agreement 17 5.2 Tensile testing 17 5.2.1 General . 17 5.2.2 Tensile testing of weldments . 17 5.3 Fracture toughness test 18
15、5.3.1 KIctest method 18 5.3.2 JIctest method . 18 5.3.3 R-curve test method 18 5.3.4 CTOD test method 18 5.4 Fatigue test . 19 5.4.1 Force controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue test . 19 5.4.2 Strain-controlled fatigue test 19 5.5 Fatigue crack propagation test 20 5.5.1 Determination of fatigu
16、e crack growth rate 20 5.5.2 Determination of a fatigue crack propagation threshold . 20 5.6 Fracture and fatigue tests in special environments . 21 5.7 Stress corrosion cracking test . 21 5.7.1 Stress corrosion cracking test using smooth specimens . 21 5.7.2 Stress corrosion cracking test using pre
17、-cracked specimens 21 5.8 Creep test . 21 5.9 Evaluation of test results . 21 5.10 Storage . 22 5.11 Reporting 22 5.12 Quality assurance . 22 5.12.1 General . 22 5.12.2 Calibration . 22 5.12.3 Quality control of raw materials . 23 5.12.4 Nonconformance . 23 5.12.5 Traceability and records 23 Annex A
18、 (normative) Request for mechanical testing of materials DRD . 24 Annex B (normative) Proposal for mechanical testing of materials DRD 26 Annex C (normative) Report of mechanical testing of materials DRD . 28 EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:2014Annex D (informative) References . 31 Bibliogr
19、aphy . 32 EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:2014Foreword This document (EN 16602-70-45:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16602-70-45:2014) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-70-45C. This European Standard sha
20、ll be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this documen
21、t may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This document has been developed to
22、cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement thi
23、s European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovaki
24、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20141 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for mechanical testing of metallic materials to be used in the fabrication of spacecraft hardware. This Standard establishes the requireme
25、nts for most relevant test methods carried out to assess the tensile, fatigue and fracture properties of metallic materials. It does not give a complete review of all the existing test methods for the evaluation of mechanical properties of metallic materials. Furthermore, this Standard specifies req
26、uirements for the evaluation, presentation and reporting of test results. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20142 Normative references The following normative docu
27、ments contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications do not apply, However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate
28、 the possibility of applying the more recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system Glossary of terms EN 16602-10-09 ECSS-Q
29、-ST-10-09 Space product assurance Nonconformance control system EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance Materials, mechanical parts and processes EN 16602-70-37 ECSS-Q-ST-70-37 Space product assurance Determination of the susceptibility of metals to stress-corrosion cracking EN 16602-70-46
30、ECSS-Q-ST-70-46 Space product assurance Requirements for manufacturing and procurement of threaded fasteners ASTM E 139 Standard test methods for conducting creep, creep-rupture, and stress-rupture tests of metallic materials ASTM E 399 Standard test method for plane-strain fracture toughness of met
31、allic materials ASTM E 466 Standard practice for conducing force controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue tests of metallic materials ASTM E 561 Standard practice for R-curve determination ASTM E 606 Standard practice for strain-controlled fatigue testing ASTM E 647 Standard test method for measu
32、rement of fatigue crack growth rates ASTM E 739 Standard practice for statistical analysis of linear or linarized stress-life (S-N) and strain-life (e-N) fatigue EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:2014data ASTM E 1290 Standard test method for crack-tip opening displace-ment (CTOD) fracture tou
33、ghness measurement ASTM E 1820 Standard test method for measurement of fracture toughness EN 10002-1 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN 10002-2 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testin
34、g machines EN 10002-4 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 4: Verification of the extensometers used in uniaxial testing ESDU 96013:1996 Fracture toughness (KIc) values of some aluminium alloys ISO 7539-6:2003 Corrosion of metals and alloys Stress corrosion testing Part 6: Preparation and use of
35、pre-cracked specimens for tests under constant load or constant displacement EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20143 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms defined in other standards For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and ECSS-Q-ST-70
36、apply. 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 crack tip plastic zone plastically deformed region in a material adjacent to a crack tip 3.2.2 creep time-dependent increase in strain in a material resulting from force 3.2.3 damage tolerance in a material or structure, the capability to withs
37、tand stresses or loads in the presence of defects 3.2.4 failure condition generally caused by break or collapse so that a structural element can no longer fulfil its purpose 3.2.5 fatigue in a material, the failure phenomenon which results from repeated fluctuation of stress 3.2.6 fracture toughness
38、 inherent resistance of a material in the presence of a crack-like defect 3.2.7 finite life range life range, in which all test pieces before a predetermined number of cycles fail EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20143.2.8 mechanical properties those properties of a material that are associa
39、ted with elastic and inelastic reaction when force is applied, or that involve the relationship between stress and strain 3.2.9 mechanical testing determination of mechanical properties 3.2.10 raw material material from which specimens are manufactured 3.2.11 specimen representative fraction of mate
40、rial tested or analysed in order to determine mechanical properties 3.2.12 transition range predetermined number of cycles of stress cycles (typically 5 x 10-6to 5 x 10-7cycles), where failure as well as non-failure occur. 3.2.13 threaded fastener device composed by a cylindrical screwed bar provide
41、d with a head and a metal collar, screwed internally, to fit the cylindrical bar that is to hold parts firmly together in an assembly 3.2.14 weld heat affected zone (HAZ) portion of material in a welded joint whose microstructure and physical properties are affected by the heat input during welding
42、3.3 Abbreviated terms For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply: Abbreviation Meaning ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials CEN European Committee for Standardization CTOD crack tip opening displacement ESDU engineering sciences da
43、ta unit HAZ heat affected zone ISO International Organization for Standardization NCR nonconformance report NDI non-destructive inspection RMC raw material certificate EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20143.4 Symbols Symbol Meaning C(T) compact tension specimen J J-integral JIc J-integral pl
44、ane-strain fracture toughness K stress intensity factor KIc stress intensity plane-strain fracture toughness Kmax maximum stress intensity factor Mode I opening mode of loading R stress ratio Rsx specimen stress ratio M(T) middle tension specimen da/dn crack growth rate K stress intensity factor ran
45、ge Kth fatigue crack propagation threshold KISCC threshold stress intensity factor for susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:20144 Principles 4.1 Overview This Standard specifies requirements to conduct tests in order to characterize mechanical behaviou
46、r and properties of metallic materials. Selection criteria of mechanical tests are based on the significance and use of each specified test method. Test methods, which are covered in this Standard, are characterized in the following paragraphs. 4.2 Tensile test Tensile tests provide information on t
47、he strength and ductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses. Test results can be used in comparing materials, alloy development, design and quality control. The test method covers the tension testing of metallic materials in any form at room temperature, and specifically the methods deter
48、mine yield strength, yield point elongation, tensile strength, elongation and reduction of area. 4.3 Fracture toughness test 4.3.1 Overview This test refers to methods to determine fracture toughness of metallic materials using the following parameters: stress intensity factor (K), J-integral (J), R
49、-curve and crack tip opening displacement (CTOD). The fracture toughness determined in accordance with this method is for opening mode (Mode I) of loading. 4.3.2 Determination of fracture toughness using the KIctest method This method provides the measurement of crack-extension resistance at the start of a crack extension for slow rates of loading and when the crack-tip EN 16602-70-45:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-45:2014plastic zone is small compared to both the crack size and to the specimen dimension in the direction of the constraint. The method covers
