1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO16000-2:2006IncorporatingAmendment No. 1(to renumber BS ISO 16000-2:2004as BS EN ISO 16000-2:2006)Indoor air Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehydeICS 13.040.20g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g5
2、1g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58The European Standard EN ISO 16000-2:2006 has the status of a British StandardEN ISO 16000-2:2006This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committee on9 February 2
3、005 BSI August 2006ISBN 0 580 45390 1National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 16000-2:2006. It is identical with ISO 16000-2:2004.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeEH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/3, Am
4、bient atmospheres, which hasthe responsibility to:A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international publications referred toin this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under
5、the section entitled“International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search”facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct applicatio
6、n.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunityfrom legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep theUK interests informed; monitor re
7、lated international and European developments andpromulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 14, an inside back coverand a back cover.The BSI copyright notice dis
8、played in this document indicates when thedocument was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No.16405 August 2006 Renumbers BS ISO 16000-2:2004as BS EN ISO 16000-2:2006. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 16000-2April 2006ICS 13.040.20English VersionIndo
9、or air - Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde (ISO16000-2:2004)Air intrieur - Partie 2: Stratgie dchantillonnage duformaldhyde (ISO 16000-2:2004)Innenraumluftverunreinigungen - Teil 2:Probenahmestrategie fr Formaldehyd (ISO 16000-2:2004)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 March 200
10、6.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on a
11、pplication to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has
12、 the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romani
13、a,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldw
14、ide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 16000-2:2006: EEN ISO 16000-2:2006 (E) 2Foreword The text of ISO 16000-2:2004 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146 “Air quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 16000-2:2006 by T
15、echnical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withd
16、rawn at the latest by October 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
17、 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16000-2:2004 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 16000-2:2006 without any modificatio
18、n. ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air : Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Measurement strategy for formaldehyde Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldehyd
19、e Diffusive sampling method Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas-chromatography using MS/FID The following parts of ISO 16000 are under preparation: Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile
20、 organic compounds (VOCs) Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Ventilation rate measurement Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Emission test chamber method Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile org
21、anic compounds Emission test cell method Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens Reference numberISO 16000-2:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16000-2First edition2004-07-01Indoor air Part 2: Sampling strategy
22、for formaldehyde Air intrieur Partie 2: Stratgie dchantillonnage du formaldhyde iiiiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Sources and occurrence of formaldehyde.14 Measurement techniques. 34.1 General. 34.2 Short-term monitoring 44.3 Long-term monitoring. 44.4 M
23、ethods for screening tests 45 Sampling strategy . 45.1 General. 45.2 Objectives of the measurement and conditions 45.3 Time of sampling. 65.4 Duration of sampling and frequency of measurement . 65.5 Sampling location . 65.6 Reporting on results and uncertainties 65.7 Quality assurance . 7Annex A (in
24、formative) Properties of formaldehyde. 8Annex B (informative) Overview of important sources and typical concentrations 9Annex C (informative) Correlation of formaldehyde concentrations in naturally ventilated rooms depending on ventilation 10Annex D (informative) Dependence of the confidence interva
25、l on the number of samples . 11Annex E (informative) Examples of screening tests. 12Bibliography . 14EN ISO 160002:2006ivForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Sta
26、ndards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also tak
27、e part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with theInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to
28、 prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as anInternational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that
29、 some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 16000-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.ISO 16000 consists of the following parts,
30、 under the general title Indoor air: Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method Part 6: Determination
31、 of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling onTenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FIDThe following parts of ISO 16000 are under preparation: Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Part 7: Sampling strategy
32、 for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Ventilation rate measurement Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Emission test chamber method Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Emission test cell method Part 11: D
33、etermination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Sampling, storage of samplesand preparation of test specimensEN ISO 160002:2006vIntroductionThis part of ISO 16000 describes basic aspects to be considered when working out a sampling strategy for theanalysis of formaldehyde in indoor air.NO
34、TE The term “formaldehyde” is used in this International Standard instead of the term “methanal”, as specified byIUPAC regulations.It is intended to be a link between Part 1 of ISO 16000, which describes a measurement strategy, and Parts 3and 4 of ISO 16000, which describe the analytical procedures
35、dealing with active or diffusive sampling of formaldehyde respectively. This part of ISO 16000 presupposes knowledge of Part 1 of ISO 16000.The sampling strategy procedure is based on VDI 4300, Part 31.VOC measurements in different fields of air pollution are described in ISO 16017, Indoor, ambient
36、andworkplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermaldesorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 1: Pumped sampling Part 2: Diffusive samplingEN ISO 160002:2006blankEN ISO 160002:20061Indoor air Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde1 Scope This part of IS
37、O 16000 is intended as an aid to planning formaldehyde indoor pollution measurements. In the case of indoor air measurements1), the careful planning of sampling and the entire measurement strategy areof particular significance, since the result of the measurement can have far-reaching consequences,
38、forexample, with regard to the need for remedial action or the success of such an action.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
39、 the referenceddocument (including any amendments) applies.ISO Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM), published jointly byBIPM/IEC/IFCC/ISO/IUPAC/IUPAP/OIML, first edition 1995ISO 6879:1995, Air quality Performance characteristics and related concepts for air quality measuringm
40、ethodsISO 16000-3, Indoor air Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds Activesampling methodISO 16000-4, Indoor air Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method3 Sources and occurrence of formaldehydeThe occurrence of formaldehyde in indoor air is often d
41、ue to the use of certain wood-based board material forconstruction and for work on the interior and furnishing of a room. Increased concentrations may also becaused by other products, including use of certain disinfectants and paints. Tobacco smoke is an additionalimportant intermittent source of fo
42、rmaldehyde. Details are given in Table B.1.Whereas an intermittent emission source (e.g. the use for a limited period of time of disinfectant spraycontaining formaldehyde) will cause an increased formaldehyde concentration in indoor air for only a shortperiod of time during and after use, a continuo
43、us emission source (e. g. a particleboard used for indoorfurnishings) will contribute to the formaldehyde concentration over a longer period. Figure 1 shows theinfluence of humidity and temperature on the emission rate of formaldehyde from particleboard; by increasinghumidity and temperature, formal
44、dehyde emission increases considerably.1) This part of ISO 16000 uses the definition for indoor environment2, 3defined in ISO 16000-1. EEN ISO 160002:20062KeyX relative humidity, H, in percentY factor K1 temperature 15 C2 temperature 20 C3 temperature 25 C4 temperature 30 CNOTE 1 Parameter for K 1:
45、temperature, 23 C; relative humidity, 45 %; air exchange rate, 1 h1; loading, 1 m2/m3.NOTE 2 Ct/H C23/45K, expressed in millilitres per cubic metre (ppm).Figure 1 Plot of rate of emission of formaldehyde from particleboards in relation to temperature andrelative humidity1, 4Figure 2 presents the for
46、maldehyde equilibration concentration as a function of the air exchange rate afterplacing a 23-m2particleboard emitting 2,3 mg/h formaldehyde into a room of 23 m31, 5. Curves A, B and Cshow the outcome with ventilation rates of ! 0,5 h1, 0,5 h1and 0,5 h1, respectively.The recommended World Health Or
47、ganization (WHO) guideline value for formaldehyde for indoor/ambient airquality is 0,1 mg/m3, expressed as the 30 min average concentration6.EN ISO 160002:20063Key X time, expressed in hours Y formaldehyde concentration, expressed in milligrams per cubic metre A ventilation rate ! 0,5 h1B ventilatio
48、n rate 0,5 h1C ventilation rate 0,5 h1Figure 2 Formaldehyde equilibration concentration in relation to the ventilation rate Generally, outdoor sources of formaldehyde are not significant sources of formaldehyde in indoor air. Outdoor air may be contributory only if strong formaldehyde sources (e.g.
49、heavy road traffic) are nearby. In a study of 300 typical households in Germany during 1985/86, the median level of formaldehyde in indoor air was found to be 55 g/m37. In a few per cent of the cases, concentrations were above 100 g/m3. Other, more recent studies in the UK, Sweden and Australia found median formaldehyde concentrations of about 25 g/m3(see Table B.2). Table B.2 compares the median and the range of concentrati
