1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS ISO 15859-11:2004 Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 11: Ammonia ICS 49.140 BS ISO 15859-11:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and S t r a t e g y C o m m i t t e e o n 12 August 2
2、004 BSI 12 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44275 6 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15859-11:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations, to Subcommittee AC
3、E/68/-/3, Operations and ground support, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found
4、in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are respons
5、ible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the
6、 UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this
7、document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 15859-11:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15859-11 First edition 2004-06-01 Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 11: Ammonia Systmes s
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13、i BSISO1585911:2004 iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in
14、a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commissi
15、on (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical c
16、ommittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall n
17、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15859-11 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations. ISO 15859 consists of the following parts, under the general title Space systems Fluid char
18、acteristics, sampling and test methods: Part 1: Oxygen Part 2: Hydrogen Part 3: Nitrogen Part 4: Helium Part 5: Nitrogen tetroxide propellants Part 6: Monomethylhydrazine propellant Part 7: Hydrazine propellant Part 8: Kerosine propellant Part 9: Argon Part 10: Water Part 11: Ammonia Part 12: Carbon
19、 dioxide Part 13: Breathing air BSISO1585911:2004iv Introduction Fluid operations at a spaceport or launch site may involve a number of operators and supplier/customer interfaces, from the fluid production plant to the delivery to the launch vehicle or spacecraft. The purpose of ISO 15859 is to esta
20、blish uniform requirements for the components, sampling and test methods of fluids used in the servicing of launch vehicles, spacecraft and ground support equipment. The fluid composition limits specified are intended to define the purity and impurity limits of the fluid for loading into the launch
21、vehicle or spacecraft. The fluid sampling and test methods are intended to be applied by any operator. The fluid sampling and test methods are acceptable methods for verification of the fluid composition limits. BSISO1585911:2004 1Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 1
22、1: Ammonia 1 Scope This part of ISO 15859 specifies limits for the composition of ammonia (NH 3 ) and establishes the sampling and test requirements applicable for the verification of the ammonia composition. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to sampling and test methods for ammonia used in both
23、flight hardware and ground support facilities, systems, and equipment. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to ammonia influents only within the specified limits herein. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to any sampling operation required to ensure that, when the fluid enters the launch vehicle o
24、r spacecraft, the fluid composition complies with the limits provided hereafter or with any technical specification agreed to for a particular use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition
25、 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 7103, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use Sampling Taking a laboratory sample ISO 7104, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use Determination of water conte
26、nt Gas chromatographic method ISO 7105, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use Determination of water content Karl Fischer method ISO 7106, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use Determination of oil content Gravimetric and infra-red spectrometric methods ISO 9000, Quality management
27、 systems Fundamentals and vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9000 and the following apply. 3.1 indirect method method of measuring fluid purity by indirect means, which consists in measuring the total volume fraction or mass f
28、raction (in %) of aggregate impurities and subtracting this total from 100 BSISO1585911:20042 3.2 verification test analysis performed on the fluid in the container, or a sample thereof, which is representative of the supply, permitting the verification of fluid composition limits 4 Chemical composi
29、tion Unless otherwise provided in the applicable technical specification, the composition of ammonia delivered to the flight vehicle interface shall be in accordance with the limits given in Table 1 when tested in accordance with the applicable test methods. Table 1 Composition limits Component Limi
30、t Ammonia purity amass fraction, %, min. 99,99 Water g/g, max. 50 Oil g/g, max. 6 Total nonvolatile residue b Chlorides g/g, max. 1 Fluorides b aDetermined by indirect method. bRecord and report only. 5 Procurement The ammonia specified in Clause 1 should be procured in accordance with an applicable
31、 national standard. 6 Fluid sampling CAUTION Ammonia, in the liquid or gaseous form, is toxic. Care should be taken in the handling and storage of ammonia to prevent contact with the human body and with materials that are not compatible with ammonia. 6.1 Plan In order to ensure that the fluid compos
32、ition complies with the limits specified in this part of ISO 15859, a fluid sampling plan should be established by all the involved operators, from the production to the space vehicle interface, and approved by the final user. Sampling activities and test methods shall comply with all safety regulat
33、ions and rules applicable to that task. This plan shall specify the sampling points, the sampling procedures, the sampling frequency, the sample size, the number of samples, BSISO1585911:2004 3 the test methods, and the responsibilities of any involved operator. Sampling may be performed in accordan
34、ce with ISO 7103 or with 6.2 to 6.10. 6.2 Responsibility for sampling Unless otherwise provided in an applicable technical specification, the ammonia delivered to the flight vehicle interface shall be sampled and verified by the supplier responsible for providing the ammonia to the flight vehicle. T
35、he supplier may use his/her or any other resources suitable for the performance of the verification tests specified herein unless otherwise directed by the customer. 6.3 Sampling points Unless otherwise specified, sampling shall be conducted at the fluid storage site or the flight vehicle interface.
36、 6.4 Sampling frequency Sampling shall be performed annually or in accordance with a time agreed upon by the supplier and the customer. 6.5 Sample size The quantity in a single sample container shall be sufficient to perform the analysis for the limiting characteristics. If a single sample does not
37、contain a sufficient quantity to perform all of the analyses for the required quality verification test, additional samples shall be taken under similar conditions. 6.6 Number of samples The number of samples shall be in accordance with one of the following: a) one sample per storage container; b) a
38、ny number of samples agreed upon by the supplier and the customer. 6.7 Storage container Unless otherwise provided by the applicable sampling plan, the fluid storage container shall not be refilled after the sample is taken. 6.8 Gaseous samples Gaseous samples shall be a typical specimen from the ga
39、seous ammonia supply. Samples shall be obtained in accordance with one of the following. a) By filling the sample container and storage containers at the same time, on the same manifold, and under the same conditions and with the same procedure. b) By withdrawing a sample from the supply container t
40、hrough a suitable connection into the sample container. No pressure regulator shall be used between the supply and the sample containers. (Suitable valves are permissible.) For safety reasons, the sample container and sampling system shall have a rated service pressure at least equal to the pressure
41、 in the supply container. c) By connecting the container being sampled directly to the analytical equipment using suitable pressure regulation to prevent over-pressurizing this equipment. BSISO1585911:20044 6.9 Liquid samples (vaporized) Vaporized liquid samples shall be a typical specimen from the
42、liquid ammonia supply. Samples shall be obtained in accordance with one of the following. a) By vaporizing, in the sampling line, liquid from the supply container. b) By flowing liquid from the supply container into or through a suitable container in which a representative liquid sample is collected
43、 and then completely vaporized. 6.10 Rejection When any sample of the fluid tested in accordance with Clause 7 fails to conform to the requirements specified herein, the fluid represented by the sample shall be rejected. Disposal of the rejected fluid shall be specified by the customer. 7 Test metho
44、ds 7.1 General The supplier will ensure, by standard practice, the quality level of ammonia. If required, alternate test methods are described in 7.3 to 7.8. Other test methods not listed in this part of ISO 15859 are acceptable if agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. These tests are a
45、 single analysis or a series of analyses performed on the fluid to ensure the reliability of the storage facility to supply the required quality level. This can be verified by analysis of representative samples of the fluid from the facility at appropriate intervals as agreed upon between supplier a
46、nd the customer. Tests may be performed by the supplier or by a laboratory agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. The analytical requirements for the tests shall include the determination of all limiting characteristics of ammonia. 7.2 Parameters of analysis The parameters for analytical
47、 techniques contained in 7.3 to 7.8 are the following: a) purity shall be expressed as a percentage by mass (mass fraction, %) unless otherwise specified; b) calibration standards containing the applicable gaseous components may be required to calibrate the analytical instruments used to determine t
48、he limiting characteristic levels of fluid; c) if required by the customer, the accuracy of the measuring equipment used in preparing these standards shall be traceable to an established institute for standards; d) analytical equipment shall be operated in accordance with the manufacturers instructi
49、ons. 7.3 Ammonia purity The ammonia purity shall be determined by the indirect method, that is by measuring the aggregate water and oil impurities, as a percentage by mass, and subtracting this aggregate quantity from 100. 7.4 Water content The water content shall be determined by one of the following procedures. a) By a gas chromatographic method in accordance with ISO 7104. b) By a Karl Fisc
