1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS ISO 15859-2:2004 Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 2: Hydrogen ICS 49.140 BS ISO 15859-2:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 August 2004 BSI 12 August
2、2004 ISBN 0 580 44266 7 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15859-2:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations, to Subcommittee ACE/68/-/3, Operation
3、s and ground support, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogu
4、e under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correc
5、t application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests infor
6、med; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in th
7、is document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 15859-2:2004(E) OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15859-2 First edition 2004-06-01 Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 2: Hydrogen
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13、o Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii ISO 4002 Allr ithgsr esedevrBSISO158592:2004IS-95851 O2:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Internati
14、onal Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with IS
15、O, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical co
16、mmittees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the
17、 possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15859-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and
18、operations. ISO 15859 consists of the following parts, under the general title Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods: Part 1: Oxygen Part 2: Hydrogen Part 3: Nitrogen Part 4: Helium Part 5: Nitrogen tetroxide propellants Part 6: Monomethylhydrazine propellant Part 7: Hydrazi
19、ne propellant Part 8: Kerosine propellant Part 9: Argon Part 10: Water Part 11: Ammonia Part 12: Carbon dioxide Part 13: Breathing air BSISO158592:2004IS-95851 O2:(4002E) iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrIntroduction Fluid operations at a spaceport or launch site may involve a number of operators and
20、 supplier/customer interfaces, from the fluid production plant to the delivery to the launch vehicle or spacecraft. The purpose of ISO 15859 is to establish uniform requirements for the components, sampling and test methods of fluids used in the servicing of launch vehicles, spacecraft and ground su
21、pport equipment. The fluid composition limits specified are intended to define the purity and impurity limits of the fluid for loading into the launch vehicle or spacecraft. The fluid sampling and test methods are intended to be applied by any operator. The fluid sampling and test methods are accept
22、able methods for verification of the fluid composition limits. BSISO158592:2004INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-95851 O2:(4002E)I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 2: Hydrogen 1 Scope This part of ISO 15859 specifies limits for the composition
23、of hydrogen and establishes the sampling and test requirements applicable for the verification of the hydrogen composition. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to hydrogen, used in flight hardware and ground facilities, systems and equipment, of the following types and grades. Type I: gaseous Grade
24、 A: fuel, Grade F: fuel, Type II: liquid Grade A: fuel, Grade F: fuel. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to influents only within the specified limits herein. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to any sampling operation required to ensure that, when the fluid enters the launch vehicle or spacec
25、raft, the fluid composition complies with the limits provided hereafter or with any technical specification agreed to for a particular use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited a
26、pplies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 9000, Quality management systems Fundamentals and vocabulary ISO 14687, Hydrogen fuel Product specification BSISO158592:2004IS-95851 O2:(4002E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr3 Terms
27、 and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9000 and the following apply. 3.1 total hydrocarbon content (as methane) single carbon atom equivalent 3.2 verification test analysis performed on the fluid in the container, or a sample thereof, which is repr
28、esentative of the supply, permitting the verification of fluid composition limits 4 Chemical composition Unless otherwise provided in an applicable technical specification, the composition of hydrogen delivered to the flight vehicle interface shall be in accordance with the limits given in Table 1 w
29、hen tested in accordance with the applicable test methods. Table 1 Composition limits Limits Type I (gaseous) Type II (liquid) Component Grade A Grade F Grade A Grade F Hydrogen (H 2 ) Volume fraction, % by difference, min. 99,994 99,995 99,994 99,995 Purity Para-hydrogen (balance ortho-hydrogen) Vo
30、lume fraction, %, min. Not specified Not specified Not specified 95,0 Total gaseous impurities l/l, max. 60 50 60 50 Nitrogen, water, and volatile hydrocarbons combined l/l, max. 9,0 10 9,0 10 Oxygen plus argon l/l, max. 5,0 1 5,0 1 Helium l/l, max.45,0 40 45,0 40 Impurities Carbon monoxide plus car
31、bon dioxide l/l, max. 1,0 1 1,0 1 5 Procurement The types and grades of hydrogen specified in Clause 1 should be procured in accordance with ISO 14687 or an applicable national standard. 6 Fluid sampling CAUTION Hydrogen is highly flammable and explosive, is an asphyxiant, and is volatile. Human con
32、tact with liquid hydrogen will result in severe injury. Care should be taken in the handling and storage of liquid hydrogen to prevent contact with the human body and with materials that are not compatible with hydrogen. BSISO158592:2004IS-95851 O2:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 36.1 Plan In
33、order to ensure that the fluid composition complies with the limits specified in this part of ISO 15859, a fluid sampling plan should be established by all the involved operators, from the production to the space vehicle interface, and approved by the final user. Sampling activities and test methods
34、 shall comply with all safety regulations and rules applicable to that task. The plan shall specify the sampling points, the sampling procedures, the sampling frequency, the sample size, the number of samples, the test methods, the responsibilities of any involved operator. 6.2 Responsibility for sa
35、mpling Unless otherwise provided in an applicable technical specification, the hydrogen delivered to the flight vehicle interface shall be sampled and verified by the supplier responsible for providing the hydrogen to the flight vehicle. The supplier may use his/her or any other resources suitable f
36、or the performance of the verification tests specified herein unless otherwise directed by the customer. 6.3 Sampling points Unless otherwise specified, sampling shall be conducted at the fluid storage site or the flight vehicle interface. 6.4 Sampling frequency Sampling shall be performed annually
37、or in accordance with a time agreed upon by the supplier and the customer. 6.5 Sample size The quantity in a single sample container shall be sufficient to perform the analysis for the limiting characteristics. If a single sample does not contain a sufficient quantity to perform all of the analyses
38、for the required quality verification test, additional samples shall be taken under similar conditions. 6.6 Number of samples The number of samples shall be in accordance with one of the following: a) one sample per storage container; b) any number of samples agreed upon by the supplier and the cust
39、omer. 6.7 Storage container Unless otherwise provided by the applicable sampling plan, the fluid storage container shall not be refilled after the sample is taken. BSISO158592:2004IS-95851 O2:(4002E) 4 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr6.8 Gaseous samples Gaseous samples shall be a typical specimen from
40、the gaseous hydrogen supply. Samples shall be obtained in accordance with one of the following. a) By filling the sample container and storage containers at the same time, on the same manifold, and under the same conditions and with the same procedure. b) By withdrawing a sample from the supply cont
41、ainer through a suitable connection into the sample container. No pressure regulator shall be used between the supply and the sample containers. (Suitable valves are permissible.) For safety reasons, the sample container and sampling system shall have a rated service pressure at least equal to the p
42、ressure in the supply container. c) By connecting the container being sampled directly to the analytical equipment using suitable pressure regulation to prevent over-pressurizing this equipment. 6.9 Rejection When any sample of the fluid tested in accordance with Clause 7 fails to conform to the req
43、uirements specified in this part of ISO 15859, the fluid represented by the sample shall be rejected. Disposal of the rejected fluid shall be specified by the customer. 7 Test methods 7.1 General The supplier will ensure, by standard practice, the quality level of hydrogen. If required, alternate te
44、st methods are described in 7.3 to 7.10. Other test methods not listed in this part of ISO 15859 are acceptable if agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. These tests are a single analysis or a series of analyses performed on the fluid to ensure the reliability of the storage facility to
45、supply the required quality level. This can be verified by analysis of representative samples of the fluid from the facility at appropriate intervals as agreed upon between supplier and the customer. Tests may be performed by the supplier or by a laboratory agreed upon between the supplier and the c
46、ustomer. The analytical requirements for the tests shall include the determination of all limiting characteristics of hydrogen. 7.2 Parameters of analysis The parameters for analytical techniques contained in 7.3 to 7.10 are the following: a) purity and impurity contents shall be mole fraction expre
47、ssed as a percentage by volume (volume fraction, %) unless otherwise noted; b) calibration gas standards containing the applicable gaseous components may be required to calibrate the analytical instruments used to determine the limiting characteristic levels of fluid; c) if required by the customer,
48、 the accuracy of the measuring equipment used in preparing these standards shall be traceable to an established institute for standards; d) analytical equipment shall be operated in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. BSISO158592:2004IS-95851 O2:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 57.3
49、 Hydrogen purity The hydrogen purity shall be determined by one of the following procedures. a) By a thermal conductivity analyser measuring the aggregate impurities which have different thermal conductivities from hydrogen. The analyser is to be calibrated at appropriate intervals using calibration gas standards. The range of the analyser shall be no greater than 10 t
