1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16334:2013Monolithic refractory products Determination of resistanceto explosive spallingBS ISO 16334:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16334:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Techni
2、calCommittee RPI/1, Refractory products and materials.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British
3、 Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 72772 6ICS 81.080Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2013.A
4、mendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16334:2013 ISO 2013Monolithic refractory products Determination of resistance to explosive spallingProduits rfractaires monolithiques Dtermination de la rsistance lcaillage par explosionINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16334First edition2013-08-15Re
5、ference numberISO 16334:2013(E)BS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechani
6、cal, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fa
7、x + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Apparatus . 16 Test specimens 27 Procedure. 28 Test
8、 report . 3Annex A (informative) Method for determining the transition-point temperature . 4BS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Internation
9、al Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO,
10、 also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
11、1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements
12、of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. ww
13、w.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 33, Refractoriesiv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 16334:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16334:2013(E
14、)Monolithic refractory products Determination of resistance to explosive spalling1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for determining the resistance to explosive spalling of monolithic refractories.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively r
15、eferenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 836, Terminology for refractoriesISO 1927-5, Monolithic (unshaped)
16、refractory products Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 836 and the following apply.3.1transition-point temperatureindication of the dewaterability of the castableNote 1 to entry: A low trans
17、ition-point temperature indicates high dewaterability and this directly relates to high explosion resistance. A castable having a high transition-point temperature indicates poor dewaterability and low explosion resistance. (See Annex A for further information.)4 PrincipleA test specimen is prepared
18、 by casting and allowed to cure. The specimen is then enclosed in an explosion-proof cage before being placed in a preheated kiln at a prescribed temperature.NOTE The method has been developed as a practical way of measuring a property. It is not designed to form part of acceptance testing for monol
19、ithic products. Rather, it is more useful for comparative purposes. It is also useful for monolithic design purposes5 Apparatus5.1 Mould. A split cylindrical mould with internal dimensions of 80 mm height and 80 mm diameter and having a provision to allow for in situ casting of a thermocouple into t
20、he centre of the cast specimen.5.2 Thermocouple. A thin wire thermocouple (preferably Type K). The thermocouple needs to be sufficiently insulated to withstand heating to test temperature inside and long enough to reach a temperature recorder located sufficient distance from the kiln to avoid damage
21、.5.3 Temperature recorder. Any instrument capable of recording the temperature of the thermocouple, either continuously or at short intervals to an accuracy of 1 C. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E)5.4 Explosion-proof cage. A cube with approximate dimensions of 150 mm
22、per side, constructed of stainless steel mesh, having at least 60 % openings, and one side able to be opened. The construction should be strong enough to withstand explosion of the test specimen at the test temperature.5.5 Kiln. Electric or gas, capable of restoring the kiln temperature to the requi
23、red test temperature to within 5 C, within 5 min after the test specimen is placed in the kiln.5.6 Timing device. Any convenient timing device accurate to 1 s.6 Test specimensThe test specimen shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 1927-5, using the mould as described in 5.1. If information about
24、transition-point temperature is required, a wire thermocouple shall be cast in situ into the centre of the test specimen. The test specimen dimensions shall be 80 mm diameter by 80 mm height, with each dimension accurate to 1 mm. Following casting, the test specimen shall be prevented from drying pr
25、ior to testing by placing in a sealed plastic bag, or by other means as agreed between the interested parties. The curing temperature is 20 C to 25 C.7 ProcedureThe procedure shall be as follows:a) Prepare sufficient test specimens in accordance with Clause 6. The curing temperature is the subject o
26、f agreement between the interested parties. The specimens shall be tested as soon as practicable after a minimum of 24 h curing. Curing time should not exceed 28 h.b) Heat the kiln (5.5) to 600 C or to a higher temperature if agreed between the parties.The kiln shall be capable of restoring the kiln
27、 temperature to the required test temperature to within 5 C, within 5 min after the test specimen is placed in the kiln. Soaking the kiln for 30 min at temperature prior to testing may assist with meeting this requirement.c) Place an untested specimen inside the explosion-proof cage (5.4), oriented
28、as-cast, and secure the cage door opening. If a temperature recorder is being used, connect the thermocouple to the recorder.d) Place the cage inside the kiln and start the timer (5.6) (and the specimen temperature recorder, if a specimen thermocouple is used).e) Record the time(s) at which any expl
29、osions are heard.f) Leave the cage inside the kiln for 20 min as a safety precaution. After 20 min have elapsed, remove the cage from the kiln.g) Remove the test specimen from the cage and record the condition of the specimen according to the following classification:1) No damage: no damage to test
30、specimen.2) Damage: the sample is cracked or has sustained minor surface damage (popouts 15 mm diameter)3) Catastrophic damage: damage exceeding that described in item g) 2).h) At least two specimens shall be tested at each temperature. If the specimens are classified differently following the initi
31、al tests, further specimens may be tested at the same temperature.i) At the conclusion of testing at each temperature, raise the kiln temperature by 100 C.NOTE Conditions noted after item b) applyj) Repeat steps c) to i) until the specimen is deemed to have failed or the maximum required test temper
32、ature up to a maximum of 1 000 C has been reached.2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E)k) Switch off the kiln.8 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) A description of the sample as received and the preparation details according to ISO 1927-5
33、. Report the curing temperature and time elapsed from casting to commencement of testing.b) The condition of each test specimen at each test temperature according to the classification described in Clause 7 g). Describe the extent of damage to each test specimen.c) The temperature profile and transi
34、tion-point temperature of each test specimen if determined for each test temperature.d) A reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 16334. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E)Annex A (informative) Method for determining the transition-point temperatureThe procedu
35、re is as follows:a) Plot the temperature of the castable specimen against time during the test period (see Figure A.1).b) Locate the point where the curve turns up sharply. This is the point at which the vaporization of water inside the castable is virtually complete, allowing the temperature to ris
36、e more quickly. This is the transition-point temperature.1YXKeyX Time (s)Y Temperature (C)1 Transition-point temperatureFigure A.1 Position of transition point4 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 16334:2013BS ISO 16334:2013ISO 16334:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reservedICS 81.080Price based on 4 page
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