1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 2834:1999 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Graphic technology Test print preparation for offset and letterpress inks ICS 87.080 BS ISO 2834:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Policy and Strategy Committee,
2、 was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 2 April 2002 BSI 27 February 2003 ISBN 0 580 39298 8 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 2834:1999 and implements it as the UK national standard. Together with BS ISO 2836:1999, BS ISO 28
3、37:1996 and BS ISO 12040:1997, this British Standard supersedes BS 4321:1969 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/43, Graphic technology, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obta
4、ined on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI E
5、lectronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This Publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers
6、to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document
7、comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 14350 Corrigendum No. 1 27 Febr
8、uary 2003 Addition of supersession details to national forewordA Referencenumbe r ISO2834:1999 (E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2834 Thirdedition 19991015 GraphictechnologyTestprint preparationforoffsetandletterpressinks TechnologiegraphiqueRalisationdimpressionspourencrespouroffse t ettypographieISO2
9、834:1999(E) ii Contents Page 1Scope 1 2Normativereferences . .1 3Testmethod 1 3.1Principle.1 3.2Apparatus 1 3.2.1Printing . 1 3.2.2Printingforme . .1 3.2.3Analyticalbalance. .2 3.3Materials 2 3.3.1Printingink . 2 3.3.2Substrate 2 4Procedure .2 4.1Printing . .2 4.1.1Inkingoftheprintingforme. .2 4.1.2
10、Printsforopticaltests. 2 4.1.3Evaluation. 3 4.1.4Inkfilmthickness. 3 4.1.5Drying3 4.1.6Provisionsforheatsetandwaterlessinks. 3 4.2Othermethod . .3 5Report . 4 AnnexA (informative) Referencesubstrateforopticaltests5 Bibliography7ISO2834:1999(E) iii Foreword ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandard
11、ization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.International
12、organizations,governmentalandnongovernmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. Dra
13、ftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. InternationalStandardISO2834waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC130, Graphictechnology . Thisthirdeditioncan
14、celsandreplacesthesecondedition(ISO2834:1981),ofwhichitconstitutesatechnical revision. AnnexAofthisInternationalStandardisforinformationonly.ISO2834:1999(E) iv Introduction ThisInternationalStandardisacombinationoftwopreviousInternationalStandardsISO2834describingconditions fortestingtheresistanceof
15、printinginkstophysicalandchemicalattackandISO5737specifyingamethodfor preparationoftestprintsforopticaltests.ThenecessaryrevisionofthesetwoInternationalStandardsresultedin oneInternationalStandardexclusivelydescribingthetestprintpreparationforpasteinksbecauseforlowviscosity gravureorflexoinksnometho
16、dexistsforreproduciblepreparationoftestprints.Iftestsaredoneonlyfor mechanicalandchemicalresistancetheusermayapplyotherlessaccuratemethods.Themethodsdescribedin thisInternationalStandardareusedinotherInternationalStandards,suchasISO28461,ISO28462,ISO2836, ISO2837andISO11628.INTERNATIONALSTANDARD OSI
17、 ISO2834:1999(E) 1 GraphictechnologyTestprintpreparationforoffsetand letterpressinks 1Scope ThisInternationalStandardspecifiesatestmethodforpreparationoftestprintsand/ortestsamplesproducedwith pasteinks,suchasforoffsetandletterpressprinting.Thetestprintsshallserveforopticaltests,suchas colorimetry,t
18、ransparencyandreflectiondensity.Theymayalsobeusedfortestingtheresistanceofprintinginksto mechanicalandchemicalattackregardingeitherprintinginkand/orsubstrate. 2Normative reference Thefollowingnormativedocumentcontainsprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsof thisInternational
19、Standard.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthese publicationsdonotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthisInternationalStandardareencouragedto investigatethepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionofthenormativedocumentindicatedbelow.For undatedreferences,thelatestedi
20、tionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIEC maintainregistersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO13655:1996,GraphictechnologySpectralmeasurementandcolorimetriccomputationforgraphicarts images. 3Test method 3.1Principle Usingaprintabilitytester,aknownquantityofinkisprintedun
21、iformlyonaknownareaofthereferencepaperorany otherchosensubstrate.Theinkcoverageisexpressedingramspersquaremetreor,takingintoaccountthemass densityoftheink,bytheinklayerthicknessinmicrometres. Foreaseofoperation,aninkpipettemaybeusedformeteringtheamountofinksuppliedtotheinkingunit.The actualamountofi
22、nktransferredtothesubstrateisonlydeterminedbyweighingtheprintingformebeforeandafter printing. Additionaltoprinting,testsamplesformechanicalandchemicalresistancetestsmaybepreparedusingany techniqueresultinginauniforminkfilminadesiredthicknessrange. 3.2Apparatus 3.2.1Printing Printabilitytesterwithani
23、nkingunitallowingtouniformlyinktheprintingformeandtouniformlytransfertheinkonto thesubstrateatconstantspeedandpressure. 3.2.2Printing forme Theprintingformeshallhaveeitherapolishedmetallicandnonporoussurfaceorshallbecoveredbyanelastomer orrubberblankethavingaShoreAhardnessofbetween80and85.Thetypeoft
24、heprintingformeshallbe mentionedinthereport.ISO2834:1999(E) 2 3.2.3Analytical balance Theanalyticalbalanceshallbeaccurateto0,1mg. 3.3Materials 3.3.1Printing ink Printinginksforthepreparationoftestprintsshallbereadyforuse. 3.3.2Substrate Forthepurposeofopticaltests,includingtheassessmentoflightfastne
25、ssofanink,thereshallbeprioragreement astothesubstratetobeused.Wheneverpossible,asubstratehavingthecharacteristicsdescribedinannexAis recommended.WhereasubstratehavingthecharacteristicsdescribedinannexAcannotbeused,thetestwillonly haverelativecharacterandwillhavetoberelatedtothespecificsubstrateused.
26、 Thesubstrateandpropertiesshallbemarkedontheprintanddescribedinthereport. 4Procedure 4.1Printing 4.1.1 Inkingoftheprintingforme Anappropriateamountofinkshallbeappliedtotheinkingunit.Appropriatetimefordistributionontheinkingunit andinkingoftheprintingformeshallbechosentoensureahomogeneousdistribition
27、oftheink. NOTE Fordistributionandinking,30 sforeach,aresuitableinmostcases.However,forvolatile(heatset)inks, distributionandinkingtimesshouldnotexceed20seach(see4.5). 4.1.2 Printsforopticaltests Testprintsshallbepreparedaccordingtothefollowinginstructions. Theprintshallbemadeusingaprintabilitytester
28、usingaprintingformeaccordingto3.2.2. Incaseofapplyinganinkcoverageofmorethan1g/m 2 ametalformecanbeused.Thisistobementionedin thereport. Printingshallbedirectlyfromtheprintingformetothesubstrate. Thetemperatureoftheinkingunitshallbe(24 1)C. Printsshallbeproducedwithaprintinglinepressureof(225 25)N/c
29、mataspeedof(1 0,1)m/s. Theinkingunitandtheprintingformeshallbecleanedaftereachprint. NOTE Solventusedtocleanblanketcoveredprintingformesmaypenetratethematerial.Timemustbeallowedto ensurefullevaporationofthesolvent.Usingtwoformesalternatelyisrecommended. Separateinkdistributionrollersandprintingforme
30、s,ifnotmetal,shallbeusedforradiationcuringinks.ISO2834:1999(E) 3 4.1.3Evaluation Theamountofinktransferredtothesubstrateshallbedeterminedbymeasuringthedifferenceinmassofthe printingformebeforeandafterprinting.Theinkcoverageshallbeexpressedingramspersquaremetreandis calculatedaccordingtotheformula: C
31、 mm A = - 12 where C istheinkcoverage; m 1 isthemassoftheinkedformebeforeprinting; m 2 isthemassoftheformeafterprinting; A istheprintedarea. Conversionoftheinkcoverage Ctoinkfilmthicknessinmicrometresshallbemadebyusingthemassdensityof theinkaccordingtotheequation: d C = r where d istheinklayerthickn
32、ess; C istheinkcoverage; r isthemassdensityoftheink. 4.1.4 Inkfilmthickness 4.1.4.1Optical tests Foropticalteststheinkfilmthicknessshallbereportedwithtwodecimalplaces. 4.1.4.2Resistance tests Fortestingtheresistanceofprintinginkstomechanicalorchemicalattacktheinkfilmthicknessshallbe (1,5 0,5)moncoat
33、edpaperand(2,25 0,75)monuncoatedpaper. 4.1.5Drying Priortotesting,theprintsshallbethoroughlydry.Ifnecessary,appropriatedryingequipmentshouldbeused. 4.1.6 Provisionsforheatsetandwaterlessinks Ifproblemsininktransferarise,asmallamountofoil(e.g.linseedoil)maybeaddedtotheinkpriortoink distribution.Thevo
34、lumeamountofoiladdedshouldbekeptaslowaspossibleandshallnotexceed5%.The volumepercentageofoiladdedshallbenotedandbeusedtocorrecttheinkfilmthickness. 4.2Other method Testsamplesformechanicalandchemicalresistancetestsmayalsobepreparedusinganytechniqueresultingina uniforminkfilminadesiredthicknessrange.
35、ISO2834:1999(E) 4 5Report Thereportshallcontainthefollowing: theprintingapparatus; manufacturerandtype; typeandmaterialofprintingforme; distributionandinkingtimes; theinkcoverageingramspersquaremetreortheinklayerthicknessinmicrometres; theprintedarea; methodofinkapplicationifotherthanprinting; thesu
36、bstrate(type,supplier,massperarea); theink(designation,supplier,massdensity); anyoperationsnotspecifiedinthisInternationalStandardwhichmighthavemodifiedtheprintresult.ISO2834:1999(E) 5 AnnexA (informative) Referencesubstrateforopticaltests ForthepurposeofopticaltestsaccordingtothisInternationalStand
37、ard,alightfastglosscoatedwoodfreepaper freeofopticalbrightenershouldbeused,thecharacteristicsofwhichareasfollows. Colour CIELABvalues: L*=95,5 2,0 a*= -0,4 1,0 b*=4,7 1,5 Method:ISO13655(exceptforsubstratebacking) Waterabsorptiveness Specification: 2g/m 2 to5g/m 2 after10s Method: ISO535 Gloss Speci
38、fication: 70%to80% Method: ISO82541 Massperarea Specification: (150 3)g/m 2 Method: ISO536 Ashcontent Specification: 20%to30% Method: ISO2144ISO2834:1999(E) 6 pH Specification: 8to10 Method: ISO6588 Roughness Specification: (1,0 0,1)matapressureof1N/mm 2 Method: ISO87914 NOTE Inpracticetherehasbeeno
39、nlyonesupplierofthismaterialandthishasbecomethedefactostandard.This materialistheglosscoatedwoodfreepaperPhoenixImperialAPCOII/IIfromScheufelen,D73250Lenningen,Germany.ISO2834:1999(E) 7 Bibliography ISO535:1991, PaperandboardDeterminationofwaterabsorptivenessCobbmethod. ISO536:1976, PaperandboardDet
40、erminationofgrammage. ISO2144:1983, PaperandboardDeterminationofash. ISO6588:1981, Paper,boardandpulpsDeterminationofpHofaqueousextracts. ISO82541: 1) ,Paperandboar dMeas urementofs pecularglossPar t1: 75degreeglosswithconverging beam,TAPPImethod. ISO87914:1992, Paperandboar dDeter minationofr oughn
41、ess/smoothness( airleak methods )Par t4:Pr int surfmethod. 1)TobepublisedBS ISO 2834:1999 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at
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