1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 4179:2005 Ductile iron pipes and fittings for pressure and non-pressure pipelines Cement mortar liningICS 23.040.10; 77.140.75 BS ISO 4179:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 July 2005 BSI 22 July 2
2、005 ISBN 0 580 46266 8 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 4179:2005 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PSE/10, Iron pipes and fittings, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers
3、 to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represente
4、d on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the
5、 “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from le
6、gal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Am
7、endments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4179 Third edition 2005-02-15 Reference number ISO 4179:2005(E) Ductile iron pipes and fittings for pressure and non-pressure pipelines Cement mortar lining Tuyaux et raccords en fonte ductile pour canalisations avec
8、et sans pression Revtement interne de mortier de cimentBS ISO 4179:2005iiBS ISO 4179:2005 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carrie
9、d out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS
10、O collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Internatio
11、nal Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the ele
12、ments of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4179 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 5, Ferrous metal pipes and metallic fittings, Subcommittee SC 2, Cast iron pipes, fittings and their joints
13、. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4179:1985), which has been technically revised iv1 Ductile iron pipes and fittings for pressure and non-pressure pipelines Cement mortar lining 1S c o p e This International Standard specifies the nature, the method of application, th
14、e surface condition and the minimum thickness of internal linings of cement mortar for ductile iron pipes and fittings for pressure and non- pressure pipelines as defined in ISO 2531 and ISO 7186. It covers cement mortar linings which are used to improve the hydraulic properties of pipes and fitting
15、s compared to un-lined pipes and fittings and/or to prevent corrosion damage and includes special requirements for linings of gravity sewers operating partially filled. It also covers linings used for the conveyance of particularly aggressive fluids, where the following solutions may be used either
16、separately or in combination: a) an increase in the thickness of the lining; b) a change of the type of cement; c) a coating over the lining. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
17、 applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2531:1998, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water or gas applications ISO 7186:1996, Ductile iron products for sewage applications ISO 16132, Ductile
18、iron pipes and fittings Seal coats for cement mortar linings 3 Materials 3.1 Cement The cement used for the lining shall comply with the cement standard(s) in application in the country of pipe manufacture. Unless otherwise specified, the type of cement shall be selected by the manufacturer in order
19、 to be suitable for the nature of the fluid to be transported, with due consideration to ISO2531:1998, AnnexB, and ISO 7186:1996, Annex B. 3.2 Sand The sand used shall have a controlled granulometric distribution from fine to coarser elements; it shall be clean and shall be composed of inert, hard,
20、strong and stable granular particles. The granulometric curve for the sand shall be appropriate to the lining method, the lining thickness and the surface conditions required in Clause 6. BS ISO 4179:2005BS ISO 4179:2005 2 Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with national standards for the t
21、esting of construction materials. The cleanliness of the sand shall be evaluated in terms of organic impurities and clay-bearing substances according to the methods described below. The test for organic impurities shall be carried out by a colorimetric method in accordance with the standards in forc
22、e in the producing country; the sand shall not produce any coloration darker than that of the reference solution. The determination of the content of clay-bearing substances in the sand (having dimensions less than todepending on the country) shall be carried out in accordance with the standards in
23、force in the producing country; it shall not exceed by mass. 3.3 Mixing water The water used for the preparation of the mortar shall be either potable water or water free from substances deleterious either to the mortar or to the water to be transported in the pipeline. The presence of solid mineral
24、 particles is, however, admissible provided that these requirements are still fulfilled. Existing national hygienic requirements have to be complied with. 3.4 Mortar The fresh mortar of the lining shall be composed of cement, sand and water complying with 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 respectively. Additives may
25、 be used, provided that they do not prejudice the quality of the lining and that of the transported water, the lining remains in accordance with all the requirements of this International Standard, and they comply with the hygienic requirements of the country where the pipes and fittings are to be i
26、nstalled. The mortar shall contain at least one part of cement to 3,5 parts of sand by mass (i.e. S/C by mass in the mortar). The respective proportions of sand and water to cement (S/C and W/C) shall be selected and controlled by the manufacturer in order to achieve compliance with this standard. T
27、he methods of determination of the ratios S/C and W/C shall be specified by the manufacturer. 4 Application of lining 4.1 Condition of interior surface of pipe before application of lining All foreign bodies, Ioose scale or any other material which could be detrimental to good adhesion between the m
28、etal and the lining shall be removed from the surface to which the lining shall be applied. The inner surface of the pipe and fitting shall also be free of any metal projections likely to protrude beyond of the thickness of the lining. 4.2 Method of application The mortar shall be thoroughly mixed i
29、n order to achieve the appropriate consistency and homogeneity. For pipes, the mortar is centrifugally cast inside the pipes or projected onto the wall by means of a rotating projection head or using a combination of both methods depending on the manufacturers decision. For fittings, the mortar is p
30、rojected onto the wall by means of a rotating projection head, or may be placed by hand using appropriate trowels. 63 m 90 m 2% 3,5 50 %3 Apart from the inner surface of the socket, the parts of the pipe or fitting coming in contact with the transported water shall be entirely covered with mortar. T
31、he consistency of the mortar, the time and the speed of centrifugation, and the speeds of rotation and translation of the projection head shall be controlled so as to achieve a dense and continuous lining. The mortar shall be free of any cavities or visible air bubbles, so that minimum thickness and
32、 optimum density are ensured at all points. 4.3 Curing The fresh lining shall be cured at temperatures greater than . Any loss of water from the mortar by evaporation shall be sufficiently slow that hardening is not impeded. This may be achieved, for example, by means of controlled atmosphere, close
33、d pipe ends or by application of a seal coat to the still moist lining. The curing conditions shall be such as to achieve sufficient hardening of the lining and compliance with the requirements of Clause 6. 4.4 Seal coat Unless otherwise specified, the manufacturer has the option of providing or not
34、 providing a seal coat. The seal coat shall not affect adversely the quality of the transported water. For water intended for human consumption, national hygienic requirements in force in the country where the pipes and fittings are to be installed shall be fulfilled. When a seal coat is supplied, i
35、t shall be in accordance with ISO 16132. 4.5 Repairs Repairs to damaged or defective areas are allowed. They should be carried out according to the manufacturers instructions. The damaged mortar shall first be removed from these areas. Then the defective part shall be repaired by using, for example,
36、 a trowel with fresh mortar so that a continuous lining having a constant thickness is again obtained. For the repair operation, the mortar shall have a suitable consistency; if necessary, additives may be included to obtain good adhesion against the side of the existing undamaged mortar. Sufficient
37、 curing shall be provided to the repaired areas. 5 Thickness of lining 5.1 Thickness requirements The nominal thickness of the lining and the minimum thickness at one point are given in Table 1. The lining thickness measured at any one point in the pipe shall not be smaller than the minimum value gi
38、ven in Table 1. For partially filled sewage pipelines, by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, the lining thickness may be increased, and/or high alumina cement mortar, polymer-modified mortar or suitably coated mortar may be used. At the pipe ends, the lining may be reduced to values below
39、 the minimum thickness. The length of the chamfer shall be as small as possible but, in any case, shall be less than . 0 C 50 mm BS ISO 4179:20054 5.2 Determination of lining thickness The thickness of the lining is checked on the freshly applied mortar by the insertion of a steel pin, or on the har
40、dened mortar by means of a non-destructive method of measurement. The thickness of the lining shall be measured at both ends of the pipe in at least one section perpendicular to the pipe axis. In each section, which shall be at least from the pipe end, measurements shall be taken at four points spac
41、ed at intervals. The values for the thickness of the lining shall be reported to the nearest . Table 1 Thickness of cement mortar lining DN group Nominal size Lining thickness Maximum crack width and radial displacement (potable water) Maximum crack width (partially filled sewage pipelines) DN nom.
42、min. at one point mm mm mm I 40 320 , 8 0 , 6 50 60 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 II 350 530 , 8 0 , 7 400 450 500 600 III 700 63 , 51 0 , 8 800 900 100 0 110 0 120 0 IV 140 0 961 , 2 0 , 8 150 0 160 0 180 0 200 0 V 220 0 12 7 1,5 0,8 240 0 260 0 200 mm 90 0,1 mm BS ISO 4179:20055 6 Surface conditio
43、n of hardened lining The cement mortar lining shall exhibit a generally smooth finish on its entire surface. However, the structure of the lining and its surface finish are related to the lining process; surface textures inherent in the method of manufacture (e.g. orange peel effects) shall be accep
44、table provided that they do not reduce the thickness of the lining to less than the minimum value at one point as specified in Table 1. Only firmly embedded sand grains are allowed to appear on the surface of the lining. For centrifugally applied linings, a thin laitance and cement rich layer, compr
45、ising fine sand and cement, may be formed on the inner surface of the lining. It may extend up to approximately one-quarter of the total thickness of the mortar. Due to the complex internal shape of the fittings and to the application process (rotating projection head), the lining of fittings may sh
46、ow a corrugated surface provided that it does not reduce the thickness of the lining to less than the minimum value at one point as specified in Table 1. NOTE 1 It is known that the surface condition has very little effect on the hydraulic characteristics, the main factors being the effective intern
47、al diameter of the pipes and the shape of the fittings. On contraction of the lining, the formation of cracks and radial displacements cannot be avoided (see Figure 1). These cracks and radial displacements, together with other isolated cracks which may result from manufacture or may develop during
48、transportation, are acceptable if their width does not exceed the values in Table 1. Cracks shall not be detrimental to the mechanical stability of the lining. NOTE 2 It is known that these cracks and radial displacements will close and heal when the lining comes into contact with water due to re-sw
49、elling of the lining and continued hydration of the cement. For partially filled pipelines, crack widths and radial displacements shall not exceed the values given in Table 1, column “partially filled sewage pipelines”. Hollow areas, which are detectable by acoustic means (knocking), are related to the shrinkage of the lining in hot and dry climates and are acceptable. NOTE 3 It is known that these hollow areas will disappear when the lining comes into contact with water. 7 Test condition
