1、 CEA Bulletin Recommended Practice for the Installation of Smart Grid Devices CEA/CEDIA-CEB29 March 2012 NOTICE Consumer Electronics Association (CEA)/Custom Electronic Design and Installation Association (CEDIA) Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications are designed to serve the public
2、interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards, Bulleti
3、ns and other technical publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or nonmember of CEA/CEDIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards, Bulletins or other technical publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publ
4、ications preclude their voluntary use by those other than CEA/CEDIA members, whether the standard is to be used either domestically or internationally. Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications are adopted by CEA/CEDIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) p
5、atent policy. By such action, CEA/CEDIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard, Bulletin or other technical publication. This document does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or al
6、l applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. This document is copyrighted by the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA)/Cus
7、tom Electronic Design and Installation Association (CEDIA) and may not be reproduced, in whole or part, without written permission. Federal copyright law prohibits unauthorized reproduction of this document by any means. Organizations may obtain permission to reproduce a limited number of copies by
8、entering into a license agreement. Requests to reproduce text, data, charts, figures or other material should be made to CEA/CEDIA. (Formulated under the cognizance of the CEA/CEDIA R10 Residential Systems Committee.) Published by CONSUMER ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION/ CUSTOM ELECTRONIC DESIGN AND INSTAL
9、LATION ASSOCIATION 2012 www.CE.org www.CEDIA.org All rights reserved CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29 1 The following members of the CEA/CEDIA R10 WG9 Smart Grid Installation Working Group contributed to the development of this document: David Cassano, Apple Computer, Inc. Derek Flickinger, Interactive Homes, Inc.
10、Ron Hotchkiss, Surge Suppression Inc. Gary Langille, EchoStar Satellite, LLC Charles Smith, GE Appliances Jay McLellan, Home Automation Inc. (HAI) Thomas Pickral, Home Automation Inc. (HAI) Kenneth Wacks, Home Systems Joel Silver, Imaging Sciences Foundation Neal Mellen, Imation Corporation Derek Fl
11、ickinger, Interactive Homes, Inc. Kevin Cressa, Linear LLC Jeremy Roberts, LonMark International Galen Koepke, National Institute of Standards electrostatic discharge, which is a form of ring wave transient that is exacerbated by low humidity; and conducted and radiated radio frequency (RF) energy f
12、rom equipment power supplies, florescent ballasts, welders, switching, wireless communications devices, dimmers, and other sources. The traditional first line of defense is to reduce the noise potential at the source. Not all EMI is controllable or accessible so good installation practices are criti
13、cal, including: Proper lightning protection outside the building An understanding of proper grounding practices Surge protection on all wires entering or leaving the building Local surge and ring wave transient protection for sensitive equipment on both power and communications connections to a devi
14、ce Proper wiring installation practices An understanding of electromagnetic interference issues relating to wired, wireless and powerline carrier networks 2. References 2.1 Informative Reference List 1. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): NFPA 70 National Electric Code (NEC), 2011 http:/www
15、.nfpa.org/aboutthecodes/AboutTheCodes.asp?DocNum=70 Phone: 617-770-3000; Internet: http:/www.nfpa.org Telecommunications Industry Association, 2500 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 300, Arlington, VA 22201; Phone: 703-907-7700; Internet; http:/www.tiaonline.org. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Enginee
16、rs, 3 Park Avenue, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10016; Phone: 212-419-7900; Internet: http:/www.ieee.org. Emerson Network Power; 1050 Dearborn Drive, Columbus, OH 43085; Phone: 614-888-0246; Internet: http:/. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Room 5128, Washin
17、gton, DC 20230; Phone: add number; Internet: http:/www.noaa.gov. CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29 6 Portland General Electric; 121 SW Salmon Street, Portland, OR 97204; Phone: 503-464-8000; Internet: http:/. State Farm, One State Farm Plaza, Bloomington, IL 61710; Phone: 800-782-8332; Internet: http:/. National Ele
18、ctrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209; Phone: 703-841-3200; Internet: http:/www.nema.org. Florida Light and Power, P.O. Box 025576, Miami, FL 33102; Phone: add number; Internet; http:/. Cisco Systems, Inc., 170 West Tasman Drive, San Jose, CA 94134;
19、 Phone: 408-526-4000; Internet: http:/. Underwriters Laboratories, 2600 N.W. Lake Road, Camas, WA 98607; Phone: 877-854-3477; Internet: http:/. BICSI; 8610 Hidden River Parkway, Tampa, FL 33637-1000 USA; Phone: 1 813.979.1991 or 800.242.7405 (USA/Canada toll free); Internet: www.bicsi.org 3. Complia
20、nce Notation As used in this document “should” denotes a provision that is recommended but not mandatory. “May” denotes a feature whose presence does not preclude compliance, and implementation of which is optional. “Optional” denotes items that may or may not be present in a compliant device. 4. Pu
21、rpose This Installation Guide was developed to provide the reader with a basic understanding many of the issues related to the proper installation and protection of Smart Grid devices and systems they connect to. It is not intended to be a complete source of solutions for all situations, nor as a re
22、placement for an understanding of, and compliance to the laws and regulations as defined by the FCC, the National Electric Code (NEC) and other federal, state and local codes and regulations. It should be seen as a starting point for consumers, installers, and companies involved in buying, developin
23、g, or installing smart grid technologies and devices. References are included in an appendix for those interested in learning more about this important subject. 5. Acronyms AWG American Wire Gauge BPL Broadband Powerline Carrier CATV Cable Television (originally Community Antenna Television) CEA Con
24、sumer Electronics Association DSL Digital Subscriber Line EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility EMI Electromagnetic Interference ESD Electrostatic Discharge FCC Federal Communications Commission GFCI Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29
25、7 ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical radio bands ISP Inter System Protocol LAN Local Area Network MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output antennas MOV Metal Oxide Varistor NEC National Electric Code (see NFPA 70) NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association NFPA National Fire Protection Associ
26、ation PAN Personal Area Network PLC Powerline Carrier RF Radio Frequency SCCR Short-Circuit Current Rating SG Smart Grid SGIP Smart Grid Interoperability Panel SPD Surge Protective Device TIA Telecommunications Industry Association TVSS Transient Voltage Surge Suppressor UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair
27、(e.g. CAT5, CAT5e, CAT6 UTP) WLAN Wireless Local Area Network 6. Definitions Bluetooth A proprietary open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short wavelength radio transmissions in the ISM band from 2400-2480 MHz) from fixed and mobile devices, creating pers
28、onal area networks (PANs). Capture Device The building protection system such as one or more lightning rods, a mesh system, or taut overhead wire (s) used to capture a lightning strike. Down conductor The conductor connecting the air terminal or overhead ground wire to the earth electrode subsystem.
29、 Electrical Surge (Transient) A high current impulse (hundreds to thousands of amps), with a duration of less than one-half cycle and a rise time in microseconds. A transient may be common or differential mode and coupled directly or induced onto cabling as a result of lightning, switching of high c
30、urrent power systems, short circuits and other high current disturbances. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) A rapid discharge (tens of nanoseconds), either conducted or through the air, of built-up electrical charge from one unit to another, often from a person to a device. Grounding conductor See Down
31、conductor. Grounding electrode A conductor that is firmly embedded in the earth thereby serving to maintain ground potential on the conductors connected to it. Line voltage As used in this document: 120v-240v AC. Low voltage As used in this document: 50v AC or DC. CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29 8 Ring Wave Transi
32、ent A transient characterized by a rapid rise (nanoseconds microseconds) and followed by a damped oscillation. These high-voltage spikes often occur as a result of arcing contacts in switches and relays, with motors and other inductive loads. This type of transient is normally of common-mode type an
33、d can be introduced on telecommunication cables by capacitive coupling. Roof conductor The portion of the down conductor running along the roof or roof ridge. WiFi A wireless alliance that supports the IEEE 802.11 series of standards for wireless local area networking. ZigBee An alliance that define
34、s specifications for a suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANS). 7. Building Protection Lightning See NFPA 780-2011 Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protecti
35、on Systems, and UL 96A for additional details A lightning strike in the form of either a direct hit on the building, on the grounds and objects surrounding the building, or on or near wires entering or leaving the building can create huge voltage potentials and high current flows that can damage equ
36、ipment and even cause fires (see figure 1). Therefore it is crucial to minimize the amount of energy that actually enters the buildings wiring through the use of building protection. This is especially true for areas that experience high incidence of lightning storms. Figure 1: Ways Lightning Can En
37、ter Your Home1 1 Reprinted with permission from IEEE, 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997 USA, Copyright 2005. All rights reserved. CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29 9 To determine the incidence of lightning strikes in your region and therefore the risk your home faces see the National Weather Service Lightning M
38、ap of the US: 5 Year Flash Density 1996 2000. Of course this map does not necessarily provide a good predictor of how often your home may be subjected to lightning induced surges. For example if your home is located at the highest point in the area such as in an open field or on top of a hill it may
39、 have a higher chance of being affected by the occasional lightning storm than a home surrounded by higher structures in an area that experiences many more lightning storms. Building protection consists of (see figure 2): One or more capture devices lightning rods or the equivalent, also called air
40、terminals Down-conductors which conduct the energy from the capture device down the side of the building to the grounding electrode system (earth) The grounding electrode system The purpose of building protection is to divert the energy from a lightning strike away from your home and sensitive equip
41、ment and into the ground where it is dissipated. Without it the energy from a lightning strike will find the path of least resistance which may be the wires leading to your TV, computer, or other electronic devices. Due to the high voltages involved, it may also result in a breakdown of the insulati
42、on on your homes wiring which can result in a fire. CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29 10 Figure 2: Building Protection2 7.1 The Capture Device The most common capture device is a lightning rod although NFPA 780 defines a number of other devices that can serve as capture devices. A lightning rod is a metal rod attach
43、ed to the highest point on the roof of a building and connected by a conductor to the buildings grounding electrode system. The following is taken from NFPA-780, the National Electric Code (NEC) NFPA 70, and UL 96A. It should be noted the following is not an extensive list of all requirements as sta
44、ted in NFPA-780, NFPA 70 and UL 96A. Also there are numerous exceptions listed in these documents. A qualified installer should be consulted for your particular building. 7.1.1 Recommendations/Requirements (from NFPA 780, NFPA 70, UL 96A) Lightning rods should extend a minimum of 10 inches above the
45、 structure being protected and spaced 6 meters (20 feet) apart along ridges and within 0.6 meter (2 feet) of ridge ends. Additional lightning rods should be attached within 0.6 meter (2 feet) of outside corners of all chimneys. A single rod will suffice for chimneys less than 2 across. Use multiple
46、rods for larger chimneys. 2 Reprinted with permission from IEEE, 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997 USA, Copyright 2005. All rights reserved. CEA/CEDIA-CEB-29 11 All projections from a roof such as TV antennas, satellite dishes, and weather vanes should be bonded to the buildings grounding elect
47、rode system. Gutters and other grounded metallic structures within 6 feet should be bonded to the lightning rod grounding system. Lightning rods and other capture devices should have 2 paths to the grounding electrode system. 7.2. Down (Grounding) Conductors The down conductors are the wires that co
48、nnect the capture devices to the grounding electrode system. They conduct the lightning energy from the lightning rods down the sides of the building and into the grounding electrode system where it is dissipated. 7.2.1 Recommendations/Requirements (from NFPA 780, NFPA 70, and UL96A) There should be
49、 at least 2 paths to the grounding electrode system (minimum 17 AWG for copper wiring, 14 AWG for aluminum) for each lightning rod or other capture devices. Down conductor(s) should connect to the grounding electrode system at the nearest practicable point and be installed as straight as possible, i.e. no sharp bends. o No bend in a roof or down condu
