1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12811-3:2002 Temporary works equipment Part 3: Load testing The European Standard EN 12811-3:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.220 BS EN 12811-3:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Pol
2、icy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 5 December 2002 BSI 5 December 2002 ISBN 0 580 40896 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12811-3:2002. The UK participation in its prep
3、aration was entrusted by Technical Committee B/514, Access and support equipment, to Subcommittee B/514/21, Access and working scaffolds, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The Britis
4、h Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Onlin
5、e. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsibl
6、e international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, t
7、he EN title page, pages 2 to 35 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN128113 November2002 ICS91.220 Englishversion Tem
8、poraryworksequipmentPart3:Loadtesting EquipementstemporairesdechantiersPartie3:Essais decharges TemporreKonstruktionenfrBauwerkeTeil3:Versuche zumTragverhalten ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon14September2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatethecondi
9、tionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Ave
10、rsioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,L
11、uxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2002CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforC
12、ENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN128113:2002EEN128113:2002(E) 2 Contents page Foreword4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 5 3 Termsanddefinitions. .5 4 Typicaltestprocedures. 6 4.1 Basis6 4.2 Typesoftests .6 5 Generalrequirementsforloadtesting. 7 6 Testingofmaterials .8 6.1 General8 6.2 Sampling.8 6.3 Test
13、methods 9 6.3.1 Metallicmaterials .9 6.3.2 Woodbasedmaterials .9 7 Testingofconfigurationsandcomponents 9 7.1 General9 7.2 Teststodetermineloadbearingcapacity,stiffnessandlooseness9 7.2.1 General9 7.2.2 Cyclicloading .9 7.3 Repeatedloading .10 7.4 Vibrationtests . .10 7.5 Impacttests 11 8 Testingofs
14、ystemconfigurations 11 9 Documentationoftestresults . .12 9.1 General12 9.2 Contentoftestreport 12 9.3 Detailedinstructionstothecontent 12 9.3.1 Titlepage 12 9.3.2 Preliminaryremarks . .13 9.3.3 Thetesteditems .13 9.3.4 Testprogramme .13 9.3.5 Testarrangementandprocedure .13 9.3.6 Results 14 10 Eval
15、uationofloadbearingcapacity,stiffnessfromtestingmetallicconfigurationsand components14 10.1 General14 10.2 Approximationfunctions 14 10.3 Dissipationofenergy 16 10.4 Theultimatevalueoftheresistance a i u, r .17 10.5 Thepartialsafetyfactor 2 R g dependingontheductility .18 10.6 Adjustmentoftheultimat
16、evalues a i u, r to b i u, r dependingondeviationsofthedimensionsofthe crosssection 18 10.7 Adjustmentoftheultimatevalues b i u, r to c i u, r dependingonthematerialproperties .18 10.8 Statisticaldeterminationofthebasiccharacteristicvalueoftheresistance R k,b 20EN128113:2002(E) 3 10.9 Determinationo
17、fthenominalcharacteristicvalueoftheresistance R k,nom 21 10.10 Evaluationoflooseness,stiffness .21 AnnexA (informative) Exampleforthedeterminationofanapproximationfunction,ofthequotient q e R2 25 A.1 Basis25 A.2 Approximationfunctions . .26 A.3 Dissipationofenergy . .28 A.4 Partialsafetyfactor 2 R g
18、 .29 AnnexB (informative) Exampleforthestatisticalevaluationoftestresultsanddeterminationofthe nominalcharacteristicvalueoftheresistance. 30 B.1 Basis30 B.2 Calculations30 AnnexC (informative) Examplefortheevaluationofstiffness.32 C.1 Basis32 C.2 Comparisonoftheaveragedstiffnessesinpositive pp c and
19、negativemm c load32 C.3 Resultingstiffness. 33 Bibliography 35EN128113:2002(E) 4 Foreword Thisdocument(EN128113:2002)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC53“Temporaryworks equipment“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicatio
20、nofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyMay2003,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby May2003. ThisEuropeanStandardconsistsofthefollowingpartsunderthegeneraltitle:Temporaryworksequipment: Part1:Performancerequirementsandgeneraldesign Part2:Informationonmaterials Part3:
21、Loadtesting AnnexesAtoCareinformative. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland
22、Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain, Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN128113:2002(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesrulesforloadtesting,documentationandevaluationoftestresultsinthefieldof nonmechanicaltemporaryworkitems. NOTE Thisstandardisprovidedforusebyallworki
23、nggroupsofCEN/TC53asabasisforstandardswhichincludetesting. Whilethisstandardprovidesgeneralrules,itisanticipatedthatwherespecialrequirementsarenecessary,theywillbespeci fied intheindividualstandard,forexamplethedetailsofthetestprocedure. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedo
24、rundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevisi
25、on.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN408, TimberstructuresStructuraltimberandgluedlaminatedtimberDeterminationofsomephysicaland mechanicalproperties. EN789, TimberstructuresTestmethodsDeterminationofmechanicalpropertiesofwoodbasedpanels. E
26、N100021, MaterialsTensiletestingMethodoftests(atambienttemperature). ENISO65061, MetallicmaterialsBrinellhardnesstestPart1:Testmethod(ISO65061:1999). ENISO65071, MetallicmaterialsVickershardnesstestPart1:Testmethod(ISO65071:1997). 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowi
27、ngtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 system (e.g.scaffoldsystem,trenchliningsystem): setofinterconnectablecomponents,mostlypurposedesignedforthesystemand assessedsetofsystemconfigurationsand productmanual 3.2 component dismantablepartofthesystem,e.g.adiagonal,averticalframe 3.3 element integral(e.g.welde
28、d)partofacomponent,e.g.atransomofaverticalframe 3.4 connection devicefortheconnectionofcomponentsEN128113:2002(E) 6 3.5 configuration particulararrangementofconnectedcomponentsbymeansofconnections 3.6 systemconfiguration configurationofthesystemcomprisingacompletestructure(e.g.ascaffold,aloadbearing
29、tower)ora representativesectionfromit 3.7 standardsetofsystemconfigurations specifiedrangeofsystemconfigurationsforthepurposeofstructuraldesignandassessment 3.8 looseness real(original)orfictitious(additionalloosenessresultingfromtheevaluationprocedure)playofaconnection betweentwocomponents 3.9 cycl
30、icloadingtest testsinwhichtheloadiscycledseveraltimesthroughzerosothatreversalsofloadanditseffectsoccurinthetest sample 3.10 hysteresisloops resultingmomentrotationortheforcedisplacementcurvesfromcyclingloadingtests 3.11 repeatedloadingtests testsinwhichtheloadisappliedandremovedanumberoftimesbutisn
31、otreversedinsign 3.12 assessment checkingprocessestablishingwhethereverythingcomplieswiththespecifiedrequirements 4 Typicaltestprocedures 4.1Basis Europeanstandardsforstructuraldesignshallbethebasisofthestructuraldesignoftemporaryworks,however whensuitablecalculationmodelsdonotexistinsuchstandards,t
32、hentestingshallbeundertakeninplaceby calculation. Testsmaynotbemadesimplytocircumventconservativeassumptionsmadeinthecalculationmodelsofthe relevantstandards. 4.2 Typesoftests AnonexhaustivelistoftypicaltestsisgiveninTable1.EN128113:2002(E) 7 Table1Typicalkindsoftests Typeoftest Itemtested Examples
33、1 loadbearingcapacityandstiffness s,a,c connectiondevice modularnode horizontalplane 2 verificationoftheresultsofstaticcalculation s(inparticular) a,c systemconfiguration 3 checkingtheinfluenceofcyclicloadingonthe characteristicstructuralbehaviour a,c,e connectiondevice modularnode horizontalplane 4
34、 checkingoftheinfluenceofrepeatedloading a,c,e stairtreads 5 checkingoftheusabilityincaseof repeatedattaching vibrations a,c wedgeconnection couplers 6 checkingtheinfluenceofimpactloading a,c decking componentsand theirsupports sideprotection componentsand theirsupports ssystemconfiguration,aconfigu
35、ration,ccomponent,eelement 5 Generalrequirementsforloadtesting Theload(s)andtherelevantdisplacementsorrotationsshallberecordedatasufficientnumberofstepsduring loadingandunloadingtodefinethedeformationcurvesfully.Arunningplotoftheprincipaldeformationagainst loadshouldbeavailableduringthetest.Forprefe
36、rence,thetestsshallbecarriedoutunderdisplacementcontrol. Therateofloadingshallbeslowenoughtoallowfulldevelopmentofplasticdeformations. Theloadingrateforstaticloadingmaybeadjustedtothebehaviourofthetestedcomponentorconfiguration,but shallnotbemorethan25%oftheestimatedmaximumloadperminute.Similarly,th
37、esizeoftheloadstepsmay beadjustedtothebehaviourofthetestedcomponentorconfiguration,buteachstepshallnotexceed10%ofthe maximumload.Loadmaybeappliedcontinuously,subjecttothelimitrateofloadingoutlinedinTable1,forcycling loadingsee7.2.EN128113:2002(E) 8 6 Testingofmaterials 6.1General Materialtestsshallb
38、ecarriedoutinordertodeterminetheactualmechanicalpropertiesofthetestedcomponents orelements. Testsonmaterialsmaybeneeded: tocheck,whethertheusedmaterialscomplywiththespecificationsgivenbythemanufacturer; todetermineparametersfortheevaluationoftestresults. Normallyformetallicmaterials,theparameterstob
39、edeterminedare(seealso6.3.1): theyieldstressortheproofstress; thetensilestrength; the elongation. Normallyfortimberbasedmaterials,theparameterstobedeterminedare: bending strength; the density; moisturecontent. 6.2Sampling Thesamplesshallberepresentativefortherelevantpropertiesandshallbecut,whereposs
40、ible,fromtesteditems. Wherethereisasignificantvariationinthematerialpropertiesofsimilaritems,samplesshouldbetakenfromeach testeditem. Whentestingconfigurationsorcomponents,samplesshallbetakenfromallmaterialswhichcancontributetothe failureorcancausethefailure. NOTE1 Aseriesofconfigurationtestscouldsh
41、owthefailureforoneelement;configurationtestswithanotherbatchcould producethefailureforanotherelement,owingtovariationsinmaterialproperties . Whensamplingfromthetesteditems,thesamplesshallbecutfrompartswheretheprecedingtestinghasno influenceonthematerialtestresults.Thismeans: thesamplewasnotsubjected
42、toplasticdeformationsandthatsustainedelasticdeformationswerelowduring thetest; thesamplewasnotcutfromaheateffectedzone. Whenthesamplesaretakenfromitemswhichhavenotbeentestedtheyshallbeofthesametypeandfromthe samebatchasthetestedelements. Incircumstanceswherethematerialpropertiesdiffersignificantlywi
43、thinthecrosssection,itisrecommendedthat samplesofthewholecrosssectionaretaken. NOTE2 Forcoldformedsectionsorextrudedmaterials,thepropertiescanvarywithinthecrosssection.EN128113:2002(E) 9 Whensamplesarenottakenfromeachconfigurationorcomponenttested,atleastthefollowingnumberoftests shallbecarriedout: metallicmaterials:3ofeachmaterial; timberbasedmaterials:5ofeachgrade. 6.3Test methods 6.3.1Metallic materials Fordeterminingthemechanicalproperties,tensiletestsshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithEN10 0021. Incaseswherethesamplescannotbeta
