1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13445-4:2014Unfired pressure vesselsPart 4: FabricationBS EN 13445-4:2014Incorporating corrigendum September 2015BS EN 13445-4:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13445-4:2014. It supersedes BS EN 13445-4:2009+A1:2
2、011 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/1, Pressure Vessels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
3、 contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 90564 3ICS 23.020.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under t
4、he authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected30 September 2015 Corrected version issued by CEN, see EN foreword for detailsEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13445-4 September 2014 I
5、CS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-4:2009English Version Unfired pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication Rcipients sous pression non soumis la flamme - Partie 4: Fabrication Unbefeuerte Druckbehlter - Teil 4: Herstellung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 August 2014. CEN members are boun
6、d to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CE
7、N-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre h
8、as the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, L
9、uxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Br
10、ussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13445-4:2014 EEN 13445-4:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 2 Contents PageForeword 5 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Requirements for manufacturing and subcontracting 9 3.1
11、Manufacturing 9 3.2 Subcontracting .9 4 Materials .10 4.1 General 10 4.2 Material traceability .10 4.2.1 General 10 4.2.2 Identification system .10 4.2.3 Visibility 11 4.2.4 Review of material certification and material identification 11 4.2.5 Transfer of markings .11 5 Manufacturing tolerances .11
12、5.1 Surface geometry of welds .11 5.2 Middle line alignment 11 5.3 Surface alignment 13 5.3.1 Surface misalignment between parts 13 5.3.2 Joining of parts of different thickness 13 5.4 Tolerances for vessels subjected to internal pressure .13 5.4.1 External diameter .13 5.4.2 Out of roundness .13 5.
13、4.3 Deviation from the longitudinal axis 14 5.4.4 Irregularities in profile .14 5.4.5 Local thinning 16 5.4.6 Dished ends 17 5.5 Tolerances for vessels subjected to external pressure 19 5.6 Structural tolerances .19 6 Weld details 19 6.1 General 19 6.2 Vessels or parts made of more than one course .
14、19 6.3 Lapped joints, joggle joints, permanent backing strips 19 7 Welding .19 7.1 General 19 7.2 Welding procedure specification (WPS) .20 7.3 Welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) .20 7.4 Qualification of welders and welding operators .21 7.5 Filler metals and auxiliary materials 21 7.6 Jo
15、int preparation 21 7.7 Execution of welded joints .22 7.8 Attachments, supports and stiffeners .22 7.9 Preheat 23 7.10 Permanent joints other than welding.23 7.10.1 General 23 7.10.2 Mechanical roller expansion .23 7.10.3 Brazing 23 8 Manufacture and testing of welds Production test 23 8.1 General 2
16、3 8.2 Reference criteria.24 BS EN 13445-4:2014EN 13445-4:2014 (E)Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-4:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 38.3 Extent of testing . 27 8.4 Performance of tests and acceptance criteria 29 8.4.1 General 29 8.4.2 Transverse tensile test 29 8.4.3 Longitudinal weld tensile test 29 8.4.4 Impa
17、ct test 29 8.4.5 Bend test. 29 8.4.6 Macro examination 30 8.4.7 Micro examination . 30 8.4.8 Hardness test . 30 8.4.9 Retests 30 8.4.10 Test report 31 9 Forming of pressure parts 31 9.1 General 31 9.2 Ratio of deformation 31 9.2.1 Dished circular products 31 9.2.2 Cylinders and cones made by rolling
18、 32 9.2.3 Other product types 33 9.2.4 Tube bends . 34 9.2.5 Forming of Segments 34 9.3 Forming procedures 35 9.3.1 Cold forming 35 9.3.2 Hot forming 35 9.4 Heat treatment after forming 38 9.4.1 General 38 9.4.2 Heat treatment of flat products after cold forming 38 9.4.3 Heat treatment of tubular pr
19、oducts after cold forming 40 9.4.4 Heat treatment of clad steels after cold forming 40 9.4.5 Heat treatment after hot forming 40 9.4.6 Heat treatment of clad steels after hot forming 41 9.5 Sampling of formed test coupons . 41 9.5.1 Cold formed products without heat treatment . 41 9.5.2 Hot formed o
20、r cold formed products with heat treatment . 41 9.6 Tests 42 9.6.1 Base material . 42 9.6.2 Butt welds . 42 9.6.3 Acceptance criteria for formed test coupons . 43 9.6.4 Retests of formed coupons 43 9.7 Visual inspection and control of dimension . 43 9.8 Marking . 44 9.9 Documentation . 44 10 Post we
21、ld heat treatment (PWHT) 44 10.1 General 44 10.2 Heat treatment conditions 45 10.3 Method of PWHT 49 10.4 PWHT procedure 50 10.5 Mechanical properties after heat treatment 50 10.6 Dissimilar ferritic joints . 51 10.7 Special materials . 52 10.8 Heat Treatment for reasons other than welding . 52 11 R
22、epairs 53 11.1 Repairs of surface defects in the parent metal 53 11.2 Repair of weld defects . 53 12 Finishing operations . 53 Annex A (informative) Structural tolerances 55 Annex B (informative) Example of a sub-contractors form 59 BS EN 13445-4:2014EN 13445-4:2014 (E)Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-4:20
23、14 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 4 Annex C (normative) Specification and approval of expansion procedures and operators .60 C.1 General 60 C.1.1 Introduction 60 C.1.2 Responsibility 60 C.1.3 Specification of expansion procedures.60 C.1.4 Technical content of expansion procedure specification (EPS) 61 C.1.5
24、Expansion procedure qualification test (EPQT) .62 C.2 Examination and testing .62 C.2.1 General 62 C.2.2 Visual examination 62 C.2.3 Dimensional verification .62 C.2.4 Testing 63 C.3 Range of approval63 C.3.1 General 63 C.3.2 Manufacturer 63 C.3.3 Material .63 C.3.4 Tube dimensions .63 C.3.5 Expansi
25、on factor 63 C.3.6 Joint design 64 C.3.7 Tool .64 C.3.8 PWHT 64 C.4 Expansion Procedure Approval Record (EPAR) 64 C.5 Expansion operator approval .64 C.5.1 General 64 C.5.2 Validity range of expansion operator qualification 65 C.5.3 Qualification tests 65 C.5.4 Examination and testing .65 C.5.5 Peri
26、od of validity 65 C.5.6 Certification 66 Annex Y (informative) History of EN 13445-4 .67 Y.1 Differences between EN 13445-4:2009 and EN 13445-4:2014 .67 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of the EU Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC .
27、68 Bibliography 69 BS EN 13445-4:2014EN 13445-4:2014 (E)Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-4:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 5ForewordThis document (EN 13445-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall
28、 be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this doc
29、ument may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requireme
30、nts of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard consists of the following Parts: Part 1: General. Part 2: Materials. Part 3: Design. Part 4: Fabrication. Part 5: Inspection and testing. Part 6
31、: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron. CR 13445-7, Unfired pressure vessels Part 7: Guidance on the use of conformity assessment procedures. Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of aluminium
32、 and aluminium alloys. CEN/TR 13445-9, Unfired pressure vessels Part 9: Conformance of EN 13445 series to ISO 16528. Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the applicati
33、on of all the relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled. Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through the Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at http:/w
34、ww.unm.fr (en13445unm.fr). A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD website. After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the questioner. Corrected pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN Rules.
35、 Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website of the MHD. This document supersedes EN 13445-4:2009. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which have been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up to Issue 5 without any further technical change. Annex Y provides det
36、ails of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. BS EN 13445-4:2014EN 13445-4:2014 (E)Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-4:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 6 Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time to time and then used immediately as alternatives to rul
37、es contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2014 each year, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified corrections. Issue 2 (2015-07) includes the corrected pages listed in Annex Y. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standard
38、s organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxem
39、bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13445-4:2014EN 13445-4:2014 (E)Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-4:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 71 Scope This document specifies requirements for the manufacture o
40、f unfired pressure vessels and their parts, made of steels, including their connections to non-pressure parts. It specifies requirements for material traceability, manufacturing tolerances, welding requirements, requirements for permanent joints other than welding, production tests, forming requirem
41、ents, heat treatment, repairs and finishing operations. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
42、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287-1:20111), Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels EN 10028-2:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties E
43、N 10028-3:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes Part 3: Weldable fine grain steels, normalized EN 10028-4:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes Part 4: Nickel alloy steels with specified low temperature properties EN 10216-1:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressu
44、re purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 1: Non-alloy steel tubes with specified room temperature properties EN 10216-2:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10216
45、-3:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubes EN 10216-4:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 4: Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties EN 10217-
46、1:2002, EN 10217-1:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 1: Non-alloy steel tubes with specified room temperature properties EN 10217-2:2002, EN 10217-2:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 2: El
47、ectric welded non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10217-3:2002, EN 10217-3:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubes EN 10217-4:2002, EN 10217-4:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tu
48、bes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 4: Electric welded non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties 1) EN ISO 9606-1 has been published in 2013 replaces EN 287-1. CEN has decided to have a transition period for EN 287-1. As a consequence, EN 287-
49、1 is valid until October 2015. BS EN 13445-4:2014EN 13445-4:2014 (E)Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-4:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 8 EN 10217-5:2002, EN 10217-5:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 5: Submerged arc welded non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10217-6:2002, EN 10217-6:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes Technical delivery conditions Part 6: Submerged arc welded non-alloy steel tubes
