1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 2155-9:1989 Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing Part 9: Determination of haze This European Standard EN2155-9 has the status of a British Standard. UDC 629.73.023.26:620.1:535.3BSEN2155-9:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared
2、 under the directionof the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee,waspublished underthe authorityof the BoardofBSIon 30November1989 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/62 Draft for comment 88/70404 DC ISBN 0 580 17929 X Cooperating orga
3、nizations The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following Western European countries. Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Da
4、nsk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Icelandic Council for Standardization Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland It
5、aly Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxemburg Inspection des travails et des mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Instituto Espaol de Normalizacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige
6、 Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBSEN2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Brief history 2 Text of EN 21
7、55-9 3 National appendix A Inside back coverBSEN2155-9:1989 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN2155“Aerospace series. Test methods for transparent materials
8、for aircraft glazing” Part9 “Determination of haze” published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN2155-9 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UK took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contr
9、act. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 6,
10、an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2155-9 March 1989 UDC: 629.73.023.26:620.1
11、:535.3 Key words: Aircraft industry, glazing, transparent plastics, glass, tests, optical properties English version Aerospace series Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing Part 9: Determination of haze Srie arospatiale Mthodes dessais pour matriaux transparents pour vitrages ar
12、onautiques Partie 9: Dtermination du flou Luft- und Raumfahrt Prfverfahren fr transparente Werkstoffe zur Verglasung von Luftfahrzeugen Teil 9: Bestimmung der Trbung This European Standard was accepted by CEN on1988-03-17. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of CEN Internal Regulat
13、ions which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This
14、European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to CEN Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the
15、national standards organizations of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Kom
16、itee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1989 Copyright reserved to all CEN members Ref. No. EN 2155-9:1989 EEN2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 2 Brief history This European Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After en
17、quiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has successively received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. According to the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, f
18、ollowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Brief history 2 1 Scope and field of appl
19、ication 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Apparatus 3 4 Specimens 4 5 Procedure 4 6 Expression of results 4 7 Test report 4 Figure 1 Hazemeter 5 Figure 2 Hazemeter with pivoting sphere 5EN2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 3 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies the determination of the haze of planar sec
20、tions of transparent plastics, using a hazemeter based on an integrating sphere. This method is not recommended for the measurement of haze values greater than30% as determined by this method. 2 Definitions Haze is defined as the scatter of light from an accumulation of tiny particles within the mat
21、erial, or from very small defects on the surface. This can lead to an obscuration of the view through the material or the spreading of an image beyond its proper limits. 3 Apparatus 3.1 Hazemeter The apparatus shall consist of a hazemeter, constructed essentially as shown inFigure 1 orFigure 2. 3.1.
22、1 Integrating sphere An integrating sphere shall be used to collect the transmitted flux. The sphere may be of any diameter so long as the total port area does not exceed4% of the internal reflecting area of the sphere. The entrance and exit ports shall be centred on the same great circle of the sph
23、ere and there shall be at least170 of arc between centres. The exit port shall subtend an angle of8 at the centre of the entrance port. The axis of the irradiating beam shall pass through the centres of the entrance and exit ports. The photocell or photocells shall be positioned on the sphere (90 10
24、) from the entrance port. In the pivotable model,Figure 2, which is designed to use the interior sphere wall adjacent to the exit port as the reflectance standard, the angle of rotation shall not exceed10 . 3.1.2 Light beam The specimen shall be illuminated by a substantially unidirectional beam; th
25、e maximum angle which any ray of this beam makes with the direction of its axis shall not exceed3 . The beam shall not be vignetted at either port of the sphere. When the beam is unobstructed by the specimen, its cross section at the exit port shall be approximately circular, sharply defined, and co
26、ncentric within the exit port, leaving an annulus of (1,3 0,1) subtended at the entrance port. When the specimen is placed immediately against the integrating sphere at the entrance port, the angle between the normal to its surface and the axis of the beam shall not exceed8 . 3.1.3 Reflecting surfac
27、es The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere, baffles, and reflectance standards shall be of substantially equal reflectance, matt, and highly reflecting throughout the visible wave lengths. (Freshly smoked magnesium oxide is excellent for this purpose but highly reflecting matt sphere
28、paints are more durable). 3.1.4 Light trap For some measurements the standard at the exit port is replaced by a light trap by actual removal of the reflectance standard or by pivoting the sphere (seeFigure 2). The light trap shall absorb the beam completely when no specimen is present. Due to the ab
29、sorbing annulus surrounding the unimpeded beam at the exit port, this trap will absorb slightly more than the undeviated portion of the total flux transmitted by the specimen. 3.1.5 Photoelectric cell The radiant flux within the sphere shall be measured by a photoelectric cell, the output measuremen
30、ts of which shall be proportional within1% to the incident flux over the range of intensity used. Spectral conditions for source and receiver shall be constant throughout the test or each specimen. The design of the instrument shall be such that there shall be a zero reading of the galvanometer defl
31、ection or measuring instrument when the sphere is dark. The spectral response of the photocell shall be corrected to approximate that of the human eye. For the purpose of this standard the light source is deemed to be illuminant A of the International Commission on Illuminant i.e. a tungsten filamen
32、t lamp operated at a colour temperature of(2855 285)K.EN2155-9:1989 4 BSI 11-1999 For nearly colourless transparent materials as used for aircraft glazing the values for% haze obtained using illuminant C instead of illuminant A are not generally significantly different. 3.2 The output from the photo
33、cell may be conveniently read on a digital voltmeter. 4 Specimens 4.1 Preparation Specimens shall be taken from a sheet. The surfaces of the test specimens shall be substantially flat and parallel. Care shall be taken to remove dust and grease from the specimens prior to measurement. Specimens shall
34、 be free of scratches, blemishes, and visibly distinct internal voids and particles, unless it is specifically desired to measure the contribution to haze due to these imperfections. The effect of surface defects may be eliminated by immersing the specimen in a clear liquid of the same refractive in
35、dex. 4.2 Dimensions The test specimens shall be35mm in diameter, minimum, and small enough to be tangent to the sphere wall. The thickness of the test specimen shall be as furnished, or for comparative purposes, shall be(3 0,1)mm. 5 Procedure Readings Determine the following four values for a given
36、location on a specimen: 6 Expression of results 6.1 Haze Calculate percentage haze as follows: 6.2 Per cent haze shall be expressed to nearest0,1%. 6.3 Thickness of specimen shall be measured in millimetres to nearest0,02mm. 7 Test report The test report shall include: 7.1 Thickness of specimen 7.2
37、% haze. Reading designation Specimen in position Light trap in position Reflection standard in position Quantity represented T 1 No No Yes Incident light T 2 Yes No Yes Total light transmitted by specimen T 3 No Yes No Light scattered by instrument T 4 Yes Yes No Light scattered by instrument and sp
38、ecimenEN2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 5 Figure 1 Hazemeter Figure 2 Hazemeter with pivoting sphere6 blankBSEN2155-9:1989 BSI 11-1999 National appendix A The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee (ACE/-) to Techni
39、cal Committee ACE/62 upon which the following bodies were represented: British Plastics Federation Ministry of Defence Society of British Aerospace Companies LimitedBS EN 2155-9:1989 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsi
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