1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBRITISH STANDARD BS EN 878:2004 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Aluminium sulfate The European Standard EN 878:2004 has the status of a British Sta
2、ndard ICS 71.100.80 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 878:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 June 2004 BSI 24 June 2004 ISBN 0 580 43
3、983 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 878:2004. It supersedes BS EN 878:1997 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the responsib
4、ility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Intern
5、ational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a Bri
6、tish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international a
7、nd European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 21 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued
8、 since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN878 June2004 ICS71.100.80 SupersedesEN878:1997 Englishversion Chemicalsusedfortreatmentofwate
9、rintendedforhuman consumptionAluminiumsulfate Produitschimiquesutilisspourletraitementdeleau destinelaconsommationhumaineSulfatedaluminium ProduktezurAufbereitungvonWasserfrden menschlichenGebrauchAluminiumsulfat ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon16April2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN
10、/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexist
11、sinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,De
12、nmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG Ma
13、nagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN878:2004:E Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 2 Content
14、s Foreword4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Description .6 3.1 Identification.6 3.1.1 Chemical name.6 3.1.2 Synonym or common names6 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass.6 3.1.4 Empirical formula.6 3.1.5 Chemical formula.6 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 7 3.1.7 EINECS reference .7 3.2 Commercial forms .7 3
15、.3 Physical properties7 3.3.1 Appearance 7 3.3.2 Density 7 3.3.3 Solubility.7 3.3.4 Vapour pressure at 20 C 8 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa .8 3.3.6 Crystallization point.8 3.3.7 Specific heat.8 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) .8 3.3.9 Critical temperature.9 3.3.10 Critical pressure.9 3.3.11 Physical har
16、dness .9 3.4 Chemical properties 9 4 Purity criteria9 4.1 General9 4.2 Composition of commercial product.9 4.3 Impurities and main by-products.10 4.4 Chemical parameters 10 5 Test methods11 5.1 Sampling.11 5.1.1 Solid 11 5.1.2 Liquid 11 5.2 Analyses .12 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage12 6.1 M
17、eans of delivery.12 6.2 Risk and safety labelling in accordance with the EU-Directives .12 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling13 6.4 Marking .13 6.5 Storage13 6.5.1 General13 6.5.2 Long term stability.13 6.5.3 Storage incompatibilities 14 Annex A (informative) General information on alumini
18、um sulfate.15 A.1 Origin 15 A.1.1 Raw materials.15 A.1.2 Manufacturing process .15 A.2 Quality of commercial product.15 A.3 Use 18 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 3 A.3.1 Function18 A.3.2 Form in whic
19、h it is used18 A.3.3 Treatment dose 19 A.3.4 Means of application .19 A.3.5 Secondary effects19 A.3.6 Removal of excess product19 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety .20 B.1 Rules for safe handling and use 20 B.2 Emergency procedures.20 B.2.1 First aid.20 B.2.2 Spillage .20 B.2.3 Fi
20、re 20 Bibliography21 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 878:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNO
21、R. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2004. This document supersedes EN 878:1997. Signif
22、icant technical differences between this edition and EN 878:1997 are as follows : a) deletion of the reference to EU Directive 80/778/EEC of 15 July 1980 ; b) introduction of an annex B (normative) giving general rules relating to safety ; c) expansion of annex A by addition of A.2 “Quality of comme
23、rcial product“. Annex A is informative. Annex B is normative. This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Repub
24、lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information
25、 Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 5 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this standard : a) this standard provides no information as to whether the product may be
26、 used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA ; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this st
27、andard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information
28、 Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to aluminium sulfate used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of aluminium sulfate and specifies the requirements for aluminium sulfat
29、e and gives reference to the analytical methods. It gives information on its use in water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use of aluminium sulfate (see annex B). 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions
30、 from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by am
31、endment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 1302, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Aluminium-based coagulants - Analytical methods. ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for ind
32、ustrial use - Safety in sampling. ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use - Sampling - Vocabulary. ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use - Sampling techniques - Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps. 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1
33、.1 Chemical name Aluminium sulfate. 3.1.2 Synonym or common names Aluminium sulfate, cake alum, alum. NOTE In English the generic term “alum“ is imprecise and is deprecated and in German the term “Alaun“ is misleading. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 342,14 for Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . 3.1.4 Empirical formula
34、 Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . 3.1.5 Chemical formula Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3n H 2 O. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 7 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 1)Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3: 10043-01-3. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . 16 H 2 O : 16828-11-8. Al 2 (
35、SO 4 ) 3 . 18 H 2 O : 7784-31-8. 3.1.7 EINECS reference 2)Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3: 233-135-0. 3.2 Commercial forms Aluminium sulfate is available in solid hydrated forms, with different particle sizes (slabs, kibbled, ground, granulated) and as aqueous solutions. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The
36、product is a white solid or colourless to yellow, clear liquid. 3.3.2 Density The density of a typical aluminium sulfate solution is given in Table 1 and varies depending on the concentration of the active matter (aluminium content), expressed in grams per kilogram of solution (Al g/kg). Table 1 Den
37、sity of solution Al g/kg of solution Density at 15 C g/ml 40,8 1,310 41,6 1,315 42,5 1,320 43,3 1,325 44,2 1,330 45,0 1,335 3.3.3 Solubility The theoretical limit of active matter content for a typical solution is given in Table 2. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory
38、 of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 8 Table 2 Solubility Temperature Active matter in C Al g/kg of solution - 1 44,7 24 44,8 The practical limit of solubility
39、depends on the temperature and the device used for solubilization of the solid form (slabs, kibbled, ground or granulated). An indication of practical limits is given in Table 3. Table 3 Indication of practical limits of solubility Temperature C Active matter Al g/kg of solution Solubility in grams
40、solid form (containing Al 90 g/kg of solid) per kilogram of solution 15 37 410 3.3.4 Vapour pressure at 20 C Not known. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 3)Not known. 3.3.6 Crystallization point The crystallization point of aluminium sulfate varies, depending on the concentration of the active matter.
41、For example : - 7 C for a typical solution of aluminium content of 42,4 g/kg of solution. 3.3.7 Specific heat Not known. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) The viscosity of aluminium sulfate solution varies greatly, depending on the concentration of the active matter. For a typical solution of aluminium cont
42、ent of 42,4 g/kg of solution, the viscosity is given in Table 4. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 9 Table 4 Viscosity Temperature C Viscosity mPa.s 0 40,0 10 26,5 20 18,6 30 13,2 40
43、 8,8 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Aluminium sulfate is an acidic hydrated salt or solution. Very dilute solutions hydrolyse and form a precipitate of aluminium hydroxide. NOTE Sinc
44、e aluminium compounds are amphoteric in nature, the solubility of aluminium depends on the pH value and the product should be used within an appropriate pH range. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for aluminium sulfate used for the treatme
45、nt of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities can be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Use
46、rs of the product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in
47、the product standard, and other relevant factors. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If a change in the production process or raw materials leads to signif
48、icant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The concentration of active matter (aluminium content) in the product expressed as grams per kilogram of product shall be within 3 % of the manufacturers declared values. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 26 August 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 878:2004 (E) 10 NOTE The concentration of water-soluble aluminium in commercial products varies. Typical values are giv
