1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 888:2004 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Iron (III) chloride The European Standard EN 888:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.80 BS EN 888:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy
2、 and Strategy Committee on 2 December 2004 BSI 2 December 2004 ISBN 0 580 44948 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 888:2004. It supersedes BS EN 888:1999 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Commi
3、ttee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this d
4、ocument may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contra
5、ct. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for
6、 change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 37 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in
7、this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 888 November 2004 ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 888:1998 English version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human c
8、onsumption - Iron (III) chloride Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Chlorure de fer (III)Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Eisen(III)chlorid This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2004. CEN mem
9、bers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applicat
10、ion to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
11、same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia
12、, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide f
13、or CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 888:2004: EEN 888:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Description .5 4 Purity criteria8 5 Test methods10 6 Labelling Transportation Storage 13 Annex A (informative) General information on iron (III) chloride .15
14、 Annex B (normative) Analytical methods .19 Annex C (informative) Reduction of Fe (III) on a silver column34 Annex D (informative) Determination of cadmium, chromium, nickel and lead (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) .35 Bibliography 37 EN 888:2004 (E) 3 Foreword Th
15、is document (EN 888:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, a
16、nd conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This document supersedes EN 888:1998. Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 888:1998 are as follows: a) replacement of the reference to EU Directive 80/778 of 15 July 1980 with the latest Directiv
17、e in force (see1); b) expansion of annex A by addition of A.2 “Quality of commercial product“; c) deletion of annex E. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, C
18、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 888:2004 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of po
19、tential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this document: a) This document provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) It should be noted that
20、, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of
21、 the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this document is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. EN 888:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document is applicable to iron (III) chloride (a), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate(b), iron (III) chloride solution (c) used for treatment of w
22、ater intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements and the corresponding analytical methods for iron (III) chlorides (a), (b) and (c) (analytical methods are given in Annex B) and gives information for their use in water treatment. 2 Normative refere
23、nces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory
24、 use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987). ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling ISO 5790: 1979, Inorganic chemical products for industrial use General method for the determination of chloride content- Mercurimetric method ISO 6206, Chemical products
25、 for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling techniques Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name (a) iron (III) chloride (FeCl 3 ). (b) iron (III) chlo
26、ride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 . 6 H 2 O). (c) iron (III) chloride solution. 3.1.2 Synonym or common names (a) Ferric chloride, water free ferric chloride. (b) Ferric chloride hexahydrate. (c) Ferric chloride solution. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass (a) 162,21.for FeCl 3(b) 270,31.for FeCl 3 . 6 H 2 O EN 8
27、88:2004 (E) 6 3.1.4 Empirical formula (a) FeCl 3 . (b) FeCl 3 . 6 H 2 O. 3.1.5 Chemical formula (a) FeCl 3 . (b) FeCl 3. 6 H 2 O. 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 1)(a) and (c) 7705-08-0. (b) 10025-77-1. 3.1.7 EINECS reference 2)231-729-4. 3.2 Commercial forms Iron (III) chloride (a) is available as a crys
28、talline powder. Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (b) is available as crystalline granules. Liquid forms of iron (III) chloride (c) are available as solutions. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance Iron (III) chloride (a) is an hygroscopic, dark grey crystalline powder with a greenish sheen. Iron (
29、III) chloride hexahydrate (b) is an hygroscopic, yellow deliquescent crystalline granular material. Liquid forms of iron (III) chloride (c) are dark brown solutions. 3.3.2 Density The density of iron (III) chloride (a) is equal to 2,89 g/cm 3at 20 C. The density of iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (b
30、) is equal to 1,8 g/cm 3at 20 C. The density of solutions of iron (III) chloride(c) is equal to 1,43 g/ml at 20 C for a mass fraction of 40 % of FeCl 3 . The bulk density of the products (a) and (b) is about 1,0 kg/dm 3 . 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 2) European Inventory of Existin
31、g Commercial Chemical Substances EN 888:2004 (E) 7 3.3.3 Solubility (in water) The solubility at 20 C for the products (a) and (b) is approximately up to a mass fraction of 47 % of FeCl 3 . The products (a), (b) and (c) can be diluted down to about a mass fraction of 1 % of FeCl 3 . Below this conce
32、ntration, hydrolysis and formation of iron hydroxide will occur. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure For the product (a) 0,1 kPa at 20 C. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 3)For the product (a) decomposition occurs at 315 C. For the product (b) decomposition starts at 160 C. 3.3.6 Melting point For the product (a) 3
33、04 C (point of sublimation). For the product (b) 37 C. For the product (c) the melting and crystallization points depending on concentration are given in Table 1. Table 1 Melting point Solution concentration Mass fraction of FeCl 3 in %Melting, crystallization point C 34 -52 40 -12 45 +10 3.3.7 Spec
34、ific heat For the product (a) 600 kJ/kg.K. For the product (b) not known. For the product (c) not applicable. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) For the products (a) and (b) it is not applicable. For the product (c) the viscosity is about 10 mPa.s for a solution of a mass fraction of 40 % of FeCl 3at 20 C. 3
35、) 100 kPa = 1 bar EN 888:2004 (E) 8 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties The solutions of iron (III) chloride (a) and iron (III) chloride hexahydrate of (b), and the liquid forms of iron (
36、III) chloride (c) are acidic and highly corrosive. Very diluted solutions hydrolyse and form a precipitate of iron hydroxide. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This document specifies the minimum purity requirements for iron (III) chloride used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption.
37、Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of these products should check the nation
38、al regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the products not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given
39、 for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be
40、 notified to the user. EN 888:2004 (E) 9 4.2 Composition of commercial product The concentration of active matter in the product expressed as mass fraction in % of FeCl 3 orFe (III)shall be within 3 % of the manufacturers declared values.The products shall conform to the following minimum requiremen
41、ts given in Table 2. Table 2 Minimum concentration of active matter Commercial form FeCl 3 Mass fraction in % Fe (III) Mass fraction in % Solid (a) 99 34 Solid (b) 59 20,3 Solution (c) 40 13,7 The concentration of the solutions (c) shall be within the manufacturers specifications. 4.3 Impurities and
42、 main by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 3. The concentration limits refer to Fe (III). Table 3 Impurities Limit Mass fraction of Fe (III) content in % Impurity Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Manganese max. 0,5 1 2 Iron(II) amax. 2,5 2,5 2,5 Insoluble matters bmax.
43、 0,2 0,2 0,2 aFe (II) has a lower coagulant efficiency compared to Fe (III). Also hydrolysis of Fe (II) starts at pH value 8, and therefore Fe (II) can remain into the water at lower pH values. ban excess of insoluble matters indicates the presence of foreign matter Iron is a component of the produc
44、t will usually be removed in the treatment process. EN 888:2004 (E) 10 4.4 Chemical parameters The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 4. The concentration limits are specified in milligrams per kilogram of Fe (III). Table 4 Chemical parameters Limit mg/kg of Fe (III) Parame
45、ter type 1 type 2 type 3 Arsenic (As) max. 20 20 50 Cadmium (Cd) max. 1 25 50 Chromium (Cr) max. 50 350 500 Mercury (Hg) max. 0,3 5 10 Nickel (Ni) max. 60 350 500 Lead (Pb) max. 35 100 400 Antimony (Sb) max. 10 20 60 Selenium (Se) max. 10 20 60 NOTE Cyanide (CN - ),pesticides and polycyclic aromatic
46、 hydrocarbons are not relevant since the raw materials used in the manufacturing process are free of them. For maximum impact of iron (III) chloride on trace metal content in drinking water see A.2. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling 5.1.1 General Observe the general recommendations in ISO 3165 and take in
47、to account ISO 6206. 5.1.2 Solid Prepare the laboratory sample required by the relevant procedure described in ISO 8213. 5.1.3 Liquid 5.1.3.1 Sampling from drums and bottles 5.1.3.1.1 General 5.1.3.1.1.1 Mix the contents of each container to be sampled by shaking the container, by rolling it or by r
48、ocking it from side to side, taking care not to damage the container or spill any of the liquid. 5.1.3.1.1.2 If the design of the container is such (for example, a narrow-necked bottle) that it is impracticable to use a sampling implement, take a sample by pouring after the contents have been thorou
49、ghly mixed. Otherwise, proceed as described in 5.1.3.1.1.3. EN 888:2004 (E) 11 5.1.3.1.1.3 Examine the surface of the liquid. If there are signs of surface contamination, take samples from the surface as described in 5.1.3.1.2. Otherwise, take samples as described in 5.1.3.1.3. 5.1.3.1.2 Surface sampling Take a sample using a suitable ladle. Lower the ladle into the liquid until the rim is just below the surface, so that the surface layer runs into it. Withdr
