1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 936:2013Chemicals used for treatmentof water intended for humanconsumption Carbon dioxideCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:
2、2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 936:2013. Itsupersedes BS EN 936:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations repre
3、sented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 8
4、2144 8ICS 71.100.80Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedCopyright European Committ
5、ee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 936 December 2013 ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 936:2006English Version Chemicals used for
6、treatment of water intended for human consumption - Carbon dioxide Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Dioxyde de carboneProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Kohlenstoffdioxid This European Standard was approved by CE
7、N on 26 October 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standard
8、s may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notif
9、ied to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ice
10、land, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Mana
11、gement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 936:2013: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction o
12、r networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Description . 6 2.1 Identification . 6 2.1.1 Chemical name . 6 2.1.2 Synonym or common name 6 2.1.3 Relative molecular mass . 6 2.1.4 Empirical formula. 6 2.1.5 C
13、hemical formula . 6 2.1.6 CAS Registry Number 6 2.1.7 EINECS reference 6 2.2 Commercial form . 6 2.3 Physical properties 7 2.3.1 Appearance 7 2.3.2 Density 7 2.3.3 Solubility in water 7 2.3.4 Vapour pressure 7 2.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 7 2.3.6 Melting point . 7 2.3.7 Specific heat . 7 2.3.8 Vis
14、cosity (dynamic) . 7 2.3.9 Critical temperature . 7 2.3.10 Critical pressure. 7 2.3.11 Physical hardness . 7 2.4 Chemical properties 8 3 Purity criteria 8 3.1 General 8 3.2 Composition of commercial product . 8 3.3 By-products 8 3.4 Chemicals parameters 9 4 Test methods 9 4.1 Sampling . 9 4.2 Analys
15、is 10 4.2.1 Carbon dioxide . 10 4.2.2 Impurities 10 5 Labelling - Transportation - Storage 10 5.1 Means of delivery . 10 5.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation)11 5.3 Transportation regulations and labelling 12 5.4 Marking . 12 5.5 Storage 12 Copyright European Committee for Standardization P
16、rovided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 3 Annex A (informative) General information on carbon dioxide . 13 A.1 Origin 13 A.2 Use 13 A.3 General rules relating to safety 14 Bibliography 15 Co
17、pyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 936:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supp
18、ly”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2014. Attenti
19、on is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 936:2006. Significant technical differences between this edition
20、and EN 936:2006 are as follows: a) the transportation regulations and labelling have been updated; b) the requirement for carbon dioxide content is now 99,9 % instead of 99,0 % in the latest edition; c) possible impurities are taken into account; d) reference to sampling is changed; e) revision of c
21、lause for raw materials; f) revision of rules for safe handling and use of the product. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
22、 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
23、 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 5 Introduction In respect to the potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for hum
24、an consumption caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable Eur
25、opean criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the produc
26、t covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 6 1
27、 Scope This European Standard is applicable to carbon dioxide used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of carbon dioxide and specifies the requirements and corresponding analytical methods for carbon dioxide. It also gives information on its use in
28、 water treatment. 2 Description 2.1 Identification 2.1.1 Chemical name Carbon dioxide. 2.1.2 Synonym or common name Carbonic acid gas (carbonic anhydride). 2.1.3 Relative molecular mass 44,011. 2.1.4 Empirical formula CO2. 2.1.5 Chemical formula CO2. 2.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)124-38-9. 2.1.7 EINECS
29、 reference2)204-696-9. 2.2 Commercial form The carbon dioxide is supplied as a pressurised liquefied or refrigerated pressurised gas. NOTE The solid form is not usually used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventor
30、y of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 7 2.3 Physical properties 2.3.1 Appearance The carbon
31、dioxide is a colourless gas or liquid. 2.3.2 Density The density of the gas at 0 C and 101,3 kPa 3)is 1,976 8 kg/m3, while the density of the liquid at 0 C and 4 000 kPa is 933,318 kg/m3. 2.3.3 Solubility in water The solubility of the gas in water is 1,72 g/l at 20 C and 101,3 kPa. 2.3.4 Vapour pre
32、ssure The vapour pressure of the liquid is 5 733,0 kPa at 20 C. 2.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa See 2.3.6. 2.3.6 Melting point The sublimation point of solid CO2is 78,9 C and 101,3 kPa. 2.3.7 Specific heat The specific heat of carbon dioxide is 0,827 kJ/kg x K at 0 C and 100 kPa. 2.3.8 Viscosity (dyn
33、amic) The viscosity of the liquid is 147 107Pa x s at 20 C. 2.3.9 Critical temperature The critical temperature of the liquid is 31 C. 2.3.10 Critical pressure The critical pressure of the carbon dioxide is 7 383 kPa. 2.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. Copyright European Co
34、mmittee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 8 2.4 Chemical properties The carbon dioxide CO2forms a weak acid when dissolved in water. It reacts in aqueous solution
35、with alkali hydroxides to form carbonates and bicarbonates. 3 Purity criteria 3.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for carbon dioxide used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the produc
36、t. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process, other impurities may be present and if so, the user and when necessary to relevant authorities, shall be notified. Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for t
37、reatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in the product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be pres
38、ent in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of further impurities or by-products being present, this shall be notified to the user. 3.2 Composition of commercial product The products sh
39、all conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1 Composition of commercial product Carbon dioxide, CO2volume fraction 99,9 % NOTE The minimum requirements of the commercial product are defined in the EU Directive 2008/84/EC of August 27, 2008 (see 2) and additional Changes RL 2010/67/EG
40、 from October 20th, 2010. 3.3 By-products The product tested in liquid phase shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,
41、-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 9 Table 2 By-products Content Moisture volume fraction 50 10-6(mass fraction 20 10-6max.) Ammonia volume fraction 2,5 10-6Oxygen volume fraction 30 10-6Oxides of Nitrogen (NO/NO2) volume fraction 2,5 10-6each Non-volatile residue(particulates) mass fraction 10 10-6No
42、n-volatile organic components (oil and fat) mass fraction 5 10-6Phosphine avolume fraction 0,3 10-6Total volatile hydrocarbons (calculated as methane) volume fraction 50 10-6of which volume fraction 20 10-6non-methane hydrocarbons Acetaldehyde volume fraction 0,2 10-6Benzene volume fraction 0,02 10-
43、6Carbon Monoxide volume fraction 10 10-6Methanol volume fraction 10 10-6Hydrogen Cyanide bvolume fraction 0,5 10-6Total sulfur (as S) cvolume fraction 0,1 10-6Taste and odour in water Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change aAnalysis necessary only for carbon dioxide from phosphate rock sourc
44、es. bAnalysis necessary only for carbon dioxide from coal gasification sources. cIf the total sulfur content exceeds volume fraction 0,1 10-6as sulfur then the species shall be determined separately and the following limits apply: Carbonyl Sulfide volume fraction 0,1 10-6; Hydrogen Sulfide volume fr
45、action 0,1 10-6; Sulfur Dioxide volume fraction 1,0 10-6. 3.4 Chemicals parameters Further chemical parameters and indicator parameters according to EU Directive 98/83/EC (see 1) are not found in the gaseous phase. Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not by-products of the manufactur
46、ing process. 4 Test methods 4.1 Sampling The recommendations of ISBT “Carbon Dioxide Quality Guidelines and Analytical Procedure Bibliography, November 2010” (see 4) should be observed. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproducti
47、on or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 10 4.2 Analysis 4.2.1 Carbon dioxide Measure of a fixed volume of product (V1). Absorption in potassium hydroxide solution (KOH) 30 % by a proper CO2appliance with an accuracy of volume fraction from 0 % to 0,05 %
48、(calibrated in 0,01 % steps).The residue volume (V2) which is measured after absorption of CO2is to subtract from (V1). The difference (V1- V2) = V3is equivalent to the volume part of CO2(Equipment: Orsat, Zahm, Hasselberg). The recommendations of International Society of Beverage Technologists (ISBT) “Carbon Dioxide Guidelines and Analytical Procedure Bibliography November 2010” should be observed (see 4). Alternatively, the carbon dioxide may be d
