1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16400:2013Chemicals used for treatmentof swimming pool water Hydrogen peroxideBS EN 16400:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16400:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee C
2、II/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standar
3、ds Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 77807 0ICS 71.100.80Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2013.Amen
4、dments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16400:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16400 December 2013 ICS 71.100.80 English Version Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water - Hydrogen peroxide Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau des pi
5、scines - Peroxyde dhydrogne Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Schwimm-und badebeckenwasser - Wasserstoffperoxid This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 October 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
6、 Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (E
7、nglish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgiu
8、m, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerl
9、and, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national M
10、embers. Ref. No. EN 16400:2013 EBS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Description . 6 3.1 Identification . 6 3.1.1 Chemical name . 6 3.1.2 Synonym or common name 6 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass . 6 3.1.4 Empirical formula.
11、6 3.1.5 Chemical formula . 6 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number . 6 3.1.7 EINECS reference 7 3.2 Commercial form . 7 3.3 Physical properties 7 3.3.1 Appearance and odour 7 3.3.2 Density 7 3.3.3 Solubility in water 7 3.3.4 Vapour pressure 7 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 8 3.3.6 Crystallisation point 9 3.3.7
12、Specific heat . 9 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic. 9 3.3.9 Critical temperature . 10 3.3.10 Critical pressure. 10 3.3.11 Physical hardness . 10 3.4 Chemical properties 10 4 Purity criteria 10 4.1 General 10 4.2 Composition of commercial product . 10 4.3 Chemical parameters 11 5 Test methods 11 6 Labelling
13、- Transportation - Storage 11 6.1 Means of delivery . 11 6.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation . 12 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling 12 6.4 Marking . 13 6.5 Storage 13 6.5.1 Containers 13 6.5.2 Long term stability . 13 6.5.3 Storage incompatibilities 13 Annex A (informative) Gene
14、ral information on hydrogen peroxide . 14 A.1 Origin 14 A.2 Use 14 A.3 Routine analyses . 15 BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 3 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety . 16 B.1 Rules for safe handling and use 16 B.2 Emergency procedures. 16 Bibliography 17 BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013
15、 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16400:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the l
16、atest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
17、 patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedo
18、nia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 5 Introduction In respect of potentia
19、l adverse effects on the quality of water for swimming pools, caused by the product covered by this European Standard: 1) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; 2) it should be noted that
20、, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member
21、States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable only to hydrogen peroxide and not to mixtures with other chemicals used for
22、 treatment of swimming pool water. It describes the characteristics of hydrogen peroxide and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for hydrogen peroxide. It gives information on its use in swimming water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and us
23、e (see Annex B). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (in
24、cluding any amendments) applies. EN 902, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Hydrogen peroxide 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Hydrogen peroxide 3.1.2 Synonym or common name None 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 34,02 3.1.4 Empirical formula H2O23.1
25、.5 Chemical formula H2O23.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)7722-84-1 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 7 3.1.7 EINECS reference2)231-765-0 3.2 Commercial form The product is supplied as an aqueous solution. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance and odour The
26、 product is a colourless liquid, with a slightly pungent odour. 3.3.2 Density The density of hydrogen peroxide is given in Table 1. Table 1 Density Solution concentration Mass fraction in % Density g/ml at 20 C 20 1,075 30 1,114 35 1,132 50 1,195 60 1,241 70 1,289 3.3.3 Solubility in water The produ
27、ct is miscible with water in all proportions. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure The vapour pressure of hydrogen peroxide depending on concentration is given in Table 2. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 8 Table 2 Vapour pressure Solution concentr
28、ation Mass fraction in % Vapour pressure kPa at 20 C 20 2,0 30 1,8 35 1,7 50 1,3 60 1,1 70 0,8 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3)The boiling point of hydrogen peroxide depending on concentration is given in Table 3. Table 3 Boiling point Solution concentration Mass fraction in % Boiling point C at 100
29、 kPa 20 103 30 106 35 108 50 114 60 119 70 125 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 9 3.3.6 Crystallisation point The crystallisation point of hydrogen peroxide depending on concentration is given in Table 4. Table 4 Crystallisation point Solution concentration Mass fraction in % Cr
30、ystallisation point C 20 - 14,6 30 - 25,7 35 - 32,5 50 - 51,0 60 - 55,0 70 - 37,0 3.3.7 Specific heat The specific heat of hydrogen peroxide depending on concentration is given in Table 5. Table 5 Specific heat Solution concentration Mass fraction in % Specific heat kJ/(kg.K) 20 3,82 at 20 C 50 3,32
31、 at 20 C 100 2,63 at 25 C 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic The viscosity of hydrogen peroxide depending on concentration is given in Table 6. Table 6 Viscosity Solution concentration Mass fraction in % Viscosity MPa.s at 20 C 20 1,04 30 1,07 35 1,10 50 1,17 60 1,20 70 1,24 100 1,25 BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:
32、2013 (E) 10 3.3.9 Critical temperature The critical temperature of pure hydrogen peroxide is 457 C. 3.3.10 Critical pressure The critical pressure of pure hydrogen peroxide is 21,7 mPa. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Hydrogen peroxide is a weak acid. According to sp
33、ecies in solution, it is an oxidising agent (E = 1,776 V) or a reducing agent (E = 0,682 V). Oxidising agent: +22 2H O 2H 2e 2H O Reducing agent: +22 2HO O 2H 2e NOTE 1 It can be activated by ultraviolet light, ozone or metals to generate free radicals. NOTE 2 Singlet oxygen can be obtained by react
34、ion of hydrogen peroxide with hypochlorite. NOTE 3 In swimming pool water treatment, hydrogen peroxide is commonly used at 35 % mass fraction. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for hydrogen peroxide used for the treatment of water for swim
35、ming pools. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. Users of this product should check the n
36、ational regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water for swimming pools, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given fo
37、r impurities and chemicals parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be n
38、otified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The hydrogen peroxide is usually available in concentrated solution with a concentration of 35 %. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 11 4.3 Chemical parameters The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 7. Table 7 Chemic
39、al parameters Parameter Limit in mg/kg of hydrogen peroxide (mass fraction 100 %) Type 1 Type 2 Arsenic (As) max. 0,5 1 Cadmium (Cd) max. 0,5 1 Chromium (Cr) max. 0,5 1 Mercury (Hg) max. 0,5 1 Nickel (Ni) max. 1 5 Lead (Pb) max. 0,5 1 Antimony (Sb) max. 0,5 1 Selenium (Se) max. 0,5 1 NOTE Cyanide wh
40、ich does not exist in a strong oxidising medium such as hydrogen peroxide is not a relevant chemical parameter. Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not by-products of the manufacturing process. 5 Test methods The sampling and the analytical methods are those described in EN 902. 6 La
41、belling - Transportation - Storage 6.1 Means of delivery Hydrogen peroxide shall be delivered in: a) Polyethylene drums up to 225 l for hydrogen peroxide concentration not greater than a mass fraction of 50 %. b) Intermediate bulk containers if hydrogen peroxide concentration is not greater than a m
42、ass fraction of 50 %. c) Aluminium or stainless steel tanks of up to 25 t capacity for all concentrations. In order that the purity of the product is not affected, the means of delivery shall not have been used previously for any different product or it shall have been specially cleaned and prepared
43、 before use. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 12 6.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation4)The labelling requirements applying to hydrogen peroxide at the date of the publication of this standard are given in Table 8: Table 8 labelling requirements of hydrogen peroxide 35 % C 60 UN-Number a298
44、4 2014 2015 RID b/ADR cClass 5.1 Classification code O1 Packing group III. Class 5.1 Classification code OC1 Packing group II Class 5.1 Classification code OC1 Packing group I IMDG dClass 5.1 Class 5.1 Class 5.1 IATA eClass 5.1 40 Class 5.1 Prohibited: 40 aUnited Nations Number. bRegulations concern
45、ing International carriage of Dangerous goods by rail. cEuropean Agreement concerning the international carriage of Dangerous goods by Road. dInternational Maritime transport of Dangerous Goods. eInternational Air Transport Association. 6.4 Marking The marking shall include the following: the name “
46、hydrogen peroxide” and trade name, the net mass; the name and address of the supplier and/or manufacturer; the statement “This product conforms to EN 16400”, type. 6.5 Storage 6.5.1 Containers The product shall be stored in suitable containers, vented to avoid any pressure build-up, away from any he
47、at sources. 6.5.2 Long term stability The product is stable for long periods without any significant loss of active oxygen (less than 2 % relative per year). 6.5.3 Storage incompatibilities The product shall not be allowed to come into contact with combustible materials, organic materials, catalysts
48、 (such as iron, chromium, nickel, zinc, copper), reducing compounds, acids, alkalis or mild steel. BS EN 16400:2013EN 16400:2013 (E) 14 Annex A (informative) General information on hydrogen peroxide A.1 Origin A.1.1 Raw materials Hydrogen peroxide is manufactured from hydrogen and atmospheric oxygen
49、. A.1.2 Manufacturing process It is produced from hydrogen and oxygen (air) by the use of anthraquinonoid compounds as an auto oxidation catalyst. A.2 Use A.2.1 Function Its functions in swimming pool water treatment are as an oxidant to remove oxidisable impurities and as a disinfectant. NOTE Hydrogen peroxide can either be used alone for these purposes or in accordance with existing national regulations in conjunction with other disinfectants and/or systems (e.g. ozone, ultraviolet light, or any activating systems) as hydrope
