1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60376:2005Specification of technical grade sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) for use in electrical equipment The European Standard EN 60376:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 29.040.20; 29.130g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g
2、54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 60376:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 2 December 2005 BSI 2 December 2005ISBN 0 580 47278 7National
3、forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 60376:2005. It is identical with IEC 60376:2005. It supersedes BS 5207:1975 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/10, Fluids for electrotechnical applications, w
4、hich has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the sect
5、ion entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Co
6、mpliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related
7、international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
8、was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60376 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM October 2005 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische No
9、rmung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2005 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60376:2005 E ICS 29.040.20; 29.130 English version Specification of technical grade sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) fo
10、r use in electrical equipment (IEC 60376:2005) Spcifications de la qualit technique de lhexafluorure de soufre (SF6) pour utilisation dans les appareils lectriques (CEI 60376:2005) Bestimmung fr Schwefelhexafluorid (SF6) von technischem Reinheitsgrad zur Verwendung in elektrischen Betriebsmitteln (I
11、EC 60376:2005) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2005-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and b
12、ibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsib
13、ility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
14、 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 60376:2005 2 Foreword The text of document 10/620/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60376, prepared by IEC TC 10, Fluids for electr
15、otechnical applications, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60376 on 2005-09-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop)
16、2006-06-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2008-09-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60376:2005 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification.
17、 _ 3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 1 Scope. 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 5 4 General properties of SF6. 6 4.1 Electrical properties. 6 4.2 Compatibility. 7 5 Maximum acceptable impurity levels for technical grade SF67 6 Environmental, health and safety aspects. 8 6.1 Environmental
18、 aspects. 8 6.1.1 Introductory remarks. 8 6.1.2 Environmental characteristics of SF68 6.1.3 Environmentally compatible use of SF6. 9 6.2 Health and safety 9 6.2.1 Introduction 9 6.2.2 Toxicity . 9 6.2.3 Oxygen depletion . 9 6.2.4 Mechanical 9 6.2.5 Freezing.10 7 Handling, storage and transportation.
19、10 7.1 Gas handling procedures 10 7.2 Gas handling10 7.3 Storage .10 7.4 Transportation10 Bibliography.11 Table 1 Maximum acceptable impurity levels 7 EN 60376:2005 4 INTRODUCTION Sulfur hexafluoride, SF6, is an essential gas for electrical equipment. The available commercial gas contains impurities
20、. It is necessary to define a high purity level sulfur hexafluoride, referred to as technical grade sulfur hexafluoride. This International Standard does not purport to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appropri
21、ate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use (see IEC 61634). This International Standard gives rise to sulfur hexafluoride, chemicals, and used sample containers. The disposal of these items should be carried out according to local regula
22、tions with regard to the impact on the environment. Every precaution is taken to prevent the release into the environment of sulphur hexafluoride (see IEC 61634). EN 60376:2005 5 SPECIFICATION OF TECHNICAL GRADE SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE (SF6)FOR USE IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 1 Scope This International Stan
23、dard defines the quality requirements and properties for technical grade sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) for use in electrical equipment. It covers the properties and methods of test applicable to SF6when this substance is supplied for use in connection with any electrical equipment. NOTE Throughout this
24、standard, the term SF6stands for technical grade sulfur hexafluoride. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced d
25、ocument (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050(191), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 191: Dependability and quality of service IEC 60050(212), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 212: Insulating solids, liquids and gases IEC 60050(441), Internationa
26、l Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 441: Switchgear, controlgear and fuses IEC 60050(826), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 826: Electrical installations IEC 60480, Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) taken from electrical equipment a
27、nd specification for its re-use IEC 61634, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear Use and handling of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in high-voltage switchgear and controlgear ISO 14040, Environmental management Life cycle assessment Principles and framework 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of t
28、his document, the terms and definitions of IEC 60050(191), IEC 60050(212), IEC 60050(441) and IEC 60050(826) apply. Some of the more important ones are listed here for easy reference. EN 60376:2005 6 3.1 electrical equipment item used for such purposes as generation, conversion, transmission, distri
29、bution or utilization of electrical energy, such as electric machines, transformers, switchgear and controlgear, measuring instruments, protective devices, wiring systems, current-using equipment IEV 826-16-01 3.2 technical grade SF6SF6gas having a very low level of impurities in accordance with Tab
30、le 1 3.3 container any kind of cylinder suitable for pressurized SF6 NOTEg3 This general term will be used throughout the text. 4 General properties of SF6Sulfur hexafluoride is a compound having the formula SF6. At normal room temperatures and pressures (20 C and 100 kPa) 11it is gaseous and has a
31、density of 6,07 kg/m3(about five times the density of air). Since its critical temperature is 45,54 C, it can be liquefied by compression 2. The pressure/temperature/density curves are given in IEC 61634. SF6is colourless, odourless and non-toxic. It is normally transported as a liquefied gas in con
32、tainers Caution Although the gas is non-toxic, it will not support life, and equipment containing sulfur hexafluoride must not be entered without adequate ventilation. Similarly, since the gas has a much greater density than air, low lying areas, e.g. trenches, may contain high concentrations of the
33、 gas and the necessary precautions shall be taken to avoid asphyxiation. SF6is used in electrical equipment for the transmission and distribution of electricity (gas insulated substations, ring main units, circuit breakers, transformers, cables, etc.). It is also used for non-electric purposes, such
34、 as metallurgy, electronics, scientific equipment, etc. 4.1 Electrical properties The gas is strongly electronegative (i.e. tends to attract free electrons). It has a unique combination of physical properties: high dielectric strength 89 V/m/Pa at 20 C (about three times higher than air), high inter
35、ruption capabilities (about ten times higher than air) and high heat transfer characteristics (about two times higher than air) 2. It has been successfully used for current interruption and insulation in both HV power transmission and MV distribution equipment since the 1960s. 1Figures in square bra
36、ckets refer to the bibliography. EN 60376:2005 7 4.2 Compatibility Technical grade sulphur hexafluoride is chemically inert and thermally stable 2 at normal temperatures. At temperatures up to about 180 C the gas has a compatibility with metals used in electrical construction, similar to that of nit
37、rogen. Operation at higher temperatures is possible, but SF6can decompose in these conditions, particularly in the presence of catalytic material and the by-products may be incompatible with some constructional materials. Individual cases need to be assessed separately. 5 Maximum acceptable impurity
38、 levels for technical grade SF6The available commercial gas contains impurities. The maximum impurity levels present in sulfur hexafluoride referred to in this standard as technical grade sulfur hexafluoride are given in Table 1. This table also lists appropriate analytical methods for the determina
39、tion of impurity levels and the corresponding acceptable accuracy of measurement. NOTEg3 Further handling and storage of the gas and operation of equipment may introduce additional quantities of impurities. This situation is covered in IEC 60480. Table 1 Maximum acceptable impurity levels Content Sp
40、ecification Analytical methods (for indication only, not exhaustive) Precision Infrared absorption method 35 mg/kg Gas-chromatographic method 3 10 mg/kg Air 2 g/kg note 1 Density method 10 mg/kg CF42 400 mg/kg note 2 Gas-chromatographic method 9 mg/kg Gravimetric method 0,5 mg/kgnote 5 Electrolytic
41、method 2 15 mg/kg H2O 25 mg/kg note 3 Dew point method 1 C Photometric method 2 mg/kg Mineral oil 10 mg/kg Gravimetric method 0,5 mg/kg note 5 Total acidity expressed in HF 1 mg/kg note 4 Titration 0,2 mg/kg NOTE 1 2 g/kg is equivalent to 1 % vol under ambient conditions (100 kPa and 20 C 1). NOTE 2
42、 2 400 mg/kg is equivalent to 4 000 l/l under ambient conditions (100 kPa and 20 C 1). NOTE 3 25 mg/kg (25 mg/kg) is equivalent to 200 l/l and to a dew point of 36 C, measured at ambient conditions (100 kPa and 20 C 1). NOTE 4 1 mg/kg is equivalent to 7,3 l/l under ambient conditions (100 kPa and 20
43、 C 1). NOTE 5 Depending on the sample size. Due to the maximum impurity levels that can be present in SF6, the SF6amount in a container (measured in the liquid phase), shall be higher than 99,7 % in weight. There exist other methods giving this value, without separating the different impurities that
44、 cannot be considered as analytical methods (e.g. the measurement of the speed of sound). EN 60376:2005 8 6 Environmental, health and safety aspects 6.1 Environmental aspects 6.1.1 Introductory remarks Human activities have an effect on the environment. The impact of a given activity depends on its
45、scale and on the materials involved. SF6has certain environmental characteristics as described below. Due to these characteristics, SF6has to be used avoiding any deliberate release into the atmosphere, and in an environmentally compatible way. Nevertheless the real impact of SF6used in electrical e
46、quipment shall be considered by taking into account the entire functionality of the electrical equipment, i.e. the full power system environmental load. This can be evaluated via life cycle assessment (see ISO 14040). 6.1.2 Environmental characteristics of SF66.1.2.1 Impact on the ecosystem SF6is an
47、 inert gas. As its solubility in water is very low, it presents no danger to surface and ground water or the soil. A biological accumulation in the nutrition cycle does not occur. 6.1.2.2 Ozone depletion SF6 does not contribute to the destruction of stratospheric ozone. 6.1.2.3 Greenhouse effect SF6
48、persists in the atmosphere for a long time and has a high global warming potential (GWP). The values reported are dependent on the evaluation methods. It is recommended that reference be made to IPCC (International panel for climate change) updated documents. Due to these characteristics, SF6has to
49、be used in a way so as to avoid any deliberate release into the atmosphere, and in an environmentally compatible way, during the development, designing, production, filling and refilling, servicing, maintenance, recovering and end of life. However, the GWP of SF6alone is not adequate to measure the environmental impact of electric power equipment based on SF6technology. The environmental impact has to be evaluated from the global point of view, accounting
