1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 4545-3:2005 Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks The European Standard EN ISO 4545-3:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.040.10 BS EN ISO 4545-3:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Stand
2、ards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 January 2006 BSI 30 January 2006 ISBN 0 580 47640 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 4545-3:2005. It is identical with ISO 4545-3:2005. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technica
3、l Committee ISE/NFE/4, Mechanical testing of metals, to Subcommittee ISE/NFE/4/5, Indentation/hardness testing, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for cha
4、nge, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or Eu
5、ropean publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include
6、 all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN I
7、SO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 9 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO45453 No
8、vember2005 ICS77.040.10 EnglishVersion MetallicmaterialsKnoophardnesstestPart3:Calibrationof referenceblocks(ISO45453:2005) MatriauxmtalliquesEssaideduretKnoopPartie3: Etalonnagedesblocsderfrence(ISO45453:2005) MetallischeWerkstoffeHrteprfungnachKnoopTeil3: KalibrierungderHrtevergleichsplatten(ISO45
9、453:2005) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon28October2005. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational st
10、andardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast he
11、official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKing
12、dom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2005CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO45453:2005:E Foreword This document (EN ISO 4545-3
13、:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical testing of metals“ in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 “Steel - Mechanical testing“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by p
14、ublication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement thi
15、s European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorse
16、ment notice The text of ISO 4545-3:2005 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4545-3:2005 without any modifications. EN ISO 4545-3:2005 Reference number ISO 4545-3:2005(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4545-3 First edition 2005-11-15 Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference b
17、locks Matriaux mtalliques Essai de duret Knoop Partie 3: talonnage des blocs de rfrence EN ISO 4545-3:2005ii EN ISO 4545-3:2005 iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Manufacture of the block . 1 4 Calibration machine 2 5 Calibration procedure. 3 6 Number of indentati
18、ons 3 7 Uniformity of hardness. 3 8 Marking 4 9 Validity . 4 Annex A (informative) Adjustment of Kohler illumination systems 5 Annex B (informative) Uncertainty of measurement of hardness-reference blocks. 6 Bibliography . 9 EN ISO 4545-3:2005 iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Stan
19、dardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right
20、 to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International S
21、tandards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
22、International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 45
23、45-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing. ISO 4545-3 cancels and replaces the first edition of ISO 4547:1993, which has been technically revised. ISO 4545 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic m
24、aterials Knoop hardness test: Part 1: Test method Part 2:Verification and calibration of testing machines Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks Part 4: Table of hardness values 1 Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks 1 Scope This part of ISO 4545 specifies
25、the method for the calibration of reference blocks to be used for the indirect verification of Knoop hardness testing machines as specified in ISO 4545-2. The method is applicable only for indentations with long diagonals W 0,020 mm. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indi
26、spensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 376:2004, Metallic materials Calibration of force-proving instruments used for the verif
27、ication of uniaxial testing machines ISO 4287:1997, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters ISO 4545-1:2005, Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 1: Test method ISO 4545-2, Metallic materials Knoop hardness tes
28、t Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines 3 Manufacture of the block 3.1 The block shall be specially manufactured for use as a hardness-reference block. NOTE Attention is drawn to the need to use a manufacturing process which will give the necessary homogeneity, stability of struct
29、ure and uniformity of surface hardness. 3.2 The reference block thickness shall be greater than twenty times the depth of indentation made with the certified test force. 3.3 The reference blocks shall be free of magnetism. 3.4 The maximum deviation in flatness of the surfaces shall not exceed 0,005
30、mm. 3.5 The maximum error in parallelism shall not exceed 0,010 mm/50 mm. EN ISO 4545-3:20052 3.6 The test surface shall be free from scratches which interfere with the measurement of the indentations. The surface roughness Ra shall not exceed 0,1 m for the test surface. The sampling length L shall
31、be 0,80 mm (see ISO 4287:1997, 3.1.9). 3.7 To verify that no material is subsequently removed from the reference block, the thickness at the time of calibration shall be marked on it, to the nearest 0,1 mm, or an identifying mark shall be made on the test surface see 8.1.e). 4 Calibration machine 4.
32、1 In addition to fulfilling the general requirements specified in ISO 4545-2, the calibration machine shall also meet the requirements given in 4.2 to 4.7. NOTE Examples of procedures for adjustment of illumination systems are given in Annex A. 4.2 The machine shall have been directly verified in in
33、tervals not exceeding 12 months. Direct verification involves: a) calibration of the test force; b) verification of the indenter; c) calibration of the measuring device; d) verification of the testing cycle; if this is not possible, at least the force versus time behaviour. 4.3 The instruments used
34、for verification and calibration shall be traceable to national standards. 4.4 Each test force shall be measured three times using an elastic proving device (of ISO 376:2004, Class 0,5 or better), or by another method having the same or better accuracy. Each measurement shall agree with the nominal
35、value to within 0,5 %. 4.5 The indenter shall meet the following requirements: a) The four faces of the diamond pyramid shall be highly polished and free from surface defects. b) The angles and (see ISO 4545-1:2005, Figure 1), between opposite edges at the vertex of the diamond pyramid, shall be (17
36、2,5 0,1) and (130 0,1). The angle between the axis of the diamond pyramid and the axis of the indenter holder (normal to the seating surface) shall not exceed 0,3. The four faces shall meet at a point; the length of any common junction between opposite faces being less than 0,3 m. 4.6 The device for
37、 measuring the diagonal of the indentation shall permit estimation of the length of the diagonal to within 0,1 m. The measuring device shall be calibrated against an accurately ruled line-scale (object micrometer) or a device of equivalent accuracy. The errors of the line-scale shall be known within
38、 an uncertainty of 0,02 m. The maximum permissible error of the measuring device shall be 0,08 % or 0,3 m, whichever is greater. 4.7 The maximum allowable vibrational acceleration reaching the machine shall be less than 0,005 g ng nbeing the acceleration due to gravity (g n= 9,806 65 m/s 2 ). EN ISO
39、 4545-3:20053 5 Calibration procedure The reference blocks shall be calibrated in a calibration machine as specified in Clause 4, at a temperature of (23 5) C, using the general procedure described in ISO 4545-1. During calibration, the thermal drift should not exceed 1 C. The time from the initial
40、application of force until the full test force is reached shall be between 5 s and 7 s. The approach velocity of the indenter shall be within the range 15 m/s to 70 m/s. The duration of the test force shall be from 13 s to 15 s. 6 Number of indentations On each reference block, a minimum of five ind
41、entations shall be made, uniformly distributed over the test surface. To reduce the measurement uncertainty, more than 5 indentations should be made. It is recommended to make 10, 15 or 25 indentations distributed over 5 locations on the reference block. 7 Uniformity of hardness 7.1 In the case of 2
42、5 indentations, let d 1 , d 2 , , d 25be the values of the measured diagonals of the 25 calibration indentations, arranged in increasing order of magnitude, and let 12 2 5 . 25 dd d d + = (1) The non-uniformity, U, of the block under the particular conditions of calibration is characterized by 25 1
43、Ud d = (2) and is expressed as a percentage U relof d as () 25 1 rel 100dd U d = (3) 7.2 The uniformity of the reference block is satisfactory if U u 0,001 mm. If U 0,001 mm, the uniformity of the reference block is satisfactory when U relis less than or equal to the percentages indicated in Table 1
44、. 7.3 The determination of the uncertainty of measurement of hardness-reference blocks is given in Annex B. EN ISO 4545-3:20054 Table 1 Hardness range of reference blocks Test force N Maximum permissible U rel% 100 u HK u 200 200 u HK u 250 250 u HK u 650 HK 650 0,098 07 u F u 0,980 7 8 5 4 3 100 u
45、HK u 250 250 650 0,980 7 650 4,903 F u 19,614 4 3 2 8 Marking 8.1 Each reference block shall be marked with the following particulars: a) arithmetic mean of the hardness values found in the calibration test, for example 249 HK 1, if possible; b) name or mark of the supplier or manufacturer; c) seria
46、l number; d) name or mark of the calibrating agency; e) thickness of the block, or an identifying mark on the test surface (see 3.7); f) year of calibration, if not indicated in the serial number. 8.2 Any mark put on the side of the block shall be the right way up when the test surface is the upper
47、face. 8.3 Each delivered reference block shall be accompanied with a document giving at least the following information: a) a reference to this part of ISO 4545; b) the identity of the block; c) the date of calibration; d) the arithmetic mean of the hardness values and the value characterizing the n
48、on-uniformity of the block; e) information about the location of the reference indentation and the value of the long diagonal. 9 Validity The reference block is only valid for the scale for which it was calibrated. The calibration validity should be limited to a duration of 5 years. Attention is drawn to the fact that, for Al- and Cu-alloys, the calibration validity could be reduced to 2-3 years. EN ISO 4545-3:20055 Annex A (informative) Adjustment of Kohle
