1、BS EN ISO 4885:2017Ferrous materials Heattreatments Vocabulary (ISO4885:2017)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 4885:2017 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 4885:2017.It supersedes BS EN 10
2、052:1994 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/100, Steel, General Issues.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary pro
3、visions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 82474 6ICS 01.040.25; 01.040.77; 25.200; 77.140.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.T
4、his British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 4885 February 2017 ICS 01.040.25; 01.040.77; 25
5、.200; 77.140.01 Supersedes EN 10052:1993English Version Ferrous materials - Heat treatments - Vocabulary (ISO 4885:2017) Matriaux ferreux - Traitements thermiques - Vocabulaire (ISO 4885:2017) Eisenwerkstoffe - Wrmebehandlung - Begriffe (ISO 4885:2017) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1
6、4 February 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may
7、 be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified t
8、o the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
9、 Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC M
10、anagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 4885:2017 EBS EN ISO 4885:2017EN ISO 4885:2017 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 4885:2017) has been prepared
11、by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17 “Steel” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 100 “General issues” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the late
12、st by August 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all suc
13、h patent rights. This document supersedes EN 10052:1993. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Fi
14、nland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The
15、 text of ISO 4885:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4885:2017 without any modification. BS EN ISO 4885:2017ISO 4885:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 1Annex A (informative) Equivalent terms .31Bibliography .41 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContent
16、s PageBS EN ISO 4885:2017ISO 4885:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bo
17、dy interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrot
18、echnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of I
19、SO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held
20、 responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is informati
21、on given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barrier
22、s to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4885:1996), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 4885:2
23、017INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4885:2017(E)Ferrous materials Heat treatments Vocabulary1 ScopeThis document defines important terms used in the heat treatment of ferrous materials.NOTE The term ferrous materials include products and workpieces of steel and cast iron.Annex A provides an alphabetical l
24、ist of terms defined in this document, as well as their equivalents in French, German, Chinese and Japanese.Table 1 shows the various iron-carbon (Fe-C) phases.2 Normative referencesThere are no normative references in this document.3 Terms and definitionsISO and IEC maintain terminological database
25、s for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp3.1acicular structurestructure which appears in the form of needles in a micrograph3.2activityeffective c
26、oncentration of species under non-ideal (e.g. concentrated) conditions; for heat treatment (3.108), this means the effective concentration of carbon or nitrogen (or both) in heat treatment media and in ferrous materialsNote 1 to entry: Ratio of the vapour pressure of a gas (usually carbon or nitroge
27、n) in a given state (e.g. in austenite (3.12) of specific carbon/nitrogen concentration) to the vapour pressure of the pure gas, as a reference state, at the same temperature.3.3ageingchange in the properties of steels depending on time and temperature after hot working or heat treatment (3.108) or
28、after cold-working operation due to the migration of interstitial elementsNote 1 to entry: The ageing phenomenon can lead to higher strength and lower ductility.Note 2 to entry: The ageing can be accelerated either by cold forming and/or subsequent heating (3.109) to moderate temperatures (e.g. 250
29、C) and soaking (e.g. for 1 h) to create the ageing effects.3.4air-hardening steelDEPRECATED: self-hardening steelsteel, the hardenability (3.103) of which is such that cooling (3.45) in air produces a martensitic structure in objects of considerable size ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 4885:
30、2017ISO 4885:2017(E)3.5alpha ironstable state of pure iron at temperatures below 911 CNote 1 to entry: The crystalline structure of an alpha iron is body-centred cubic.Note 2 to entry: Alpha iron is ferromagnetic at temperatures below 768 C (the Curie point).3.6alpha mixed crystaliron with body-cent
31、red cubic lattice structure with alloying elements in interstitially or substitutively solutionNote 1 to entry: The material science for alpha mixed crystal is ferritic.Note 2 to entry: Alpha mixed crystal is ferromagnetic.3.7aluminizingDEPRECATED: calorizingsurface treatment into and on a workpiece
32、 (3.201) relating to aluminium3.8annealingheat treatment (3.108) consisting of heating (3.109) and soaking at a suitable temperature followed by cooling (3.45) under conditions such that, after return to ambient temperature, the metal will be in a structural state closer to that of equilibriumNote 1
33、 to entry: Since this definition is very general, it is advisable to use an expression specifying the aim of the treatment. See bright annealing (3.29), full annealing (3.89), softening/soft annealing (3.186), inter-critical annealing (3.122), isothermal annealing (3.127) and subcritical annealing.3
34、.9ausferritefine-grained mixture of ferrite (3.85) and stabilized austenite (3.12) which should lead to high hardness and ductility of austempered ductile cast iron (ADI)3.10ausformingthermomechanical treatment (3.207) of a workpiece which consists of plastically deforming the metastable austenite (
35、3.12) before subjecting it to the martensitic and/or bainitic transformation3.11austemperingisothermal heat treatment for producing bainitic (see 3.17 and 3.18) or ausferritic (see 3.9) structure of a workpieceNote 1 to entry: The final cooling (3.45) to ambient temperature is not at a specific rate
36、.3.12austenitesolid solution of one or more elements in gamma iron (3.91)Note 1 to entry: See also Table 1.3.13austenitic steelsteel structure which is austenitic at ambient temperatureNote 1 to entry: Cast austenitic steels can contain up to about 20 % of ferrite (3.85).2 ISO 2017 All rights reserv
37、edBS EN ISO 4885:2017ISO 4885:2017(E)3.14austenitizingheating (3.109) a workpiece to austenitizing temperature (3.15) and holding at this, so that the microstructure is predominantly austeniticNote 1 to entry: The amount of the minimum required temperature results from the heat speed and the steel c
38、omposition. The holding period depends on the heating conditions used.3.15austenitizing temperaturetemperature at which the workpiece is maintained during austenitization3.16auto-temperingself-temperingtempering undergone by martensite (3.137) during quenching (3.168) or subsequent cooling (3.45)3.1
39、7bainitemicrostructure resulting from the transformation of austenite (3.12) at temperatures above martensite (3.137) start temperature (Ms) and outside the pearlite (3.155) range consisting of ferrite laths and carbides which are dispersed either inside the ferrite laths (lower bainite) or between
40、the ferrite laths (upper bainite)Note 1 to entry: See also Table 1.3.18bainitizingaustenitizing (3.14) and quenching (3.168) to a temperature above Msand isothermal soaking to ensure a transformation of the austenite (3.12) to bainite (3.17)3.19bake hardening steelsteel with the ability to gain an i
41、ncrease of yield strength after a plastic pre-strain and a subsequent heat treatment (3.108) in the usual industrial paint processes (in the region of 170 C for 20 min)Note 1 to entry: These steels have a good suitability for cold forming and present a high resistance to plastic straining (which is
42、increased on finished parts during heat treatment) and a good dent resistance.3.20bakingheat treatment (3.108) permitting the release of hydrogen absorbed in a ferrous product without modifying its structureNote 1 to entry: The treatment is generally carried out following an electrolytic plating or
43、pickling, or a welding operation.3.21banded structurelines of constituents of the microstructure caused by segregation (3.179) during solidification3.22blackingoperation carried out in an oxidizing medium at a temperature such that the polished surface of a workpiece becomes covered with a thin, con
44、tinuous, adherent film of dark-coloured oxide (see 3.151)3.23black nitridingnitriding (3.143) followed by oxidation (3.150) of the steel surfaceNote 1 to entry: After nitrocarburizing (3.144), blacking (3.22) will improve the corrosion resistance and the surface properties ISO 2017 All rights reserv
45、ed 3BS EN ISO 4885:2017ISO 4885:2017(E)3.24blank nitridingblank nitrocarburizingsimulation treatment which consists of reproducing the thermal cycle of nitriding (3.143)/nitrocarburizing (3.144) without the nitriding/nitrocarburizing mediumNote 1 to entry: This treatment makes it possible to assess
46、the metallurgical consequences of the thermal cycle of nitriding/nitrocarburizing.3.25batch annealingbox annealingprocess in which strip is annealed in tight coil form, within a protective atmosphere, for a predetermined time-temperature cycle3.26blueingtreatment carried out in an oxidizing medium (
47、see 3.152) at a temperature such that the bright surface of a workpiece becomes covered with a thin, continuous, adherent film of blue-coloured oxideNote 1 to entry: If the blueing is carried out in superheated water vapour, it is also called steam treatment.3.27boost-diffuse carburizingcarburizing
48、carried out in two or more successive stages and/or different temperatures with different carbon potentials3.28boridingthermochemical treatment (3.207) of a workpiece to enrich the surface of a workpiece with boronNote 1 to entry: The medium in which boriding takes place should be specified, e.g. pa
49、ck boriding, paste boriding, etc.3.29bright annealingannealing (3.8) in a medium preventing the oxidation (3.150) of the surface and keeps the original surface quality3.30burningirreversible change in the structure and properties brought about by the onset of melting at the grain boundaries and surface3.31carbon activityeffective concentration of carbon under non-ideal (e.g. concentrated) conditions; for heat treatment (3.108), this means the effective concentration of carbon in heat treatment media and in ferrous materials.3.32carbon mass tran
