1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16000-19:2012Indoor airPart 19: Sampling strategy for mouldsBS EN ISO 16000-19:2014BS EN ISO 16000-19:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 16000-19:2014. It is identical to ISO 16000-19:2012.The UK participatio
2、n in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/5, Emissions to internal environments.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
3、provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83320 5ICS 13.040.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was pu
4、blished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2012.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 October 2014 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 16000-19:2012 as BS EN ISO 16000-19:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN IS
5、O 16000-19 October 2014 ICS 13.040.20 English Version Indoor air - Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds (ISO 16000-19:2012) Air intrieur - Partie 19: Stratgie dchantillonnage des moisissures (ISO 16000-19:2012) Innenraumluftverunreinigungen - Teil 19: Probenahmestrategie fr Schimmelpilze (ISO 16000
6、-19:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 February 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliogra
7、phical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibil
8、ity of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic
9、of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISAT
10、ION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16000-19:2014 EEN ISO 16000-19:2014 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 16000-1
11、9:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146 “Air quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 16000-19:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall b
12、e given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document ma
13、y be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria
14、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
15、Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16000-19:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16000-19:2014 without any modification. BS EN ISO 16000-19:2014EN ISO 16000-19:2014 (E)BS ISO 16000-19:2012ISO 16000-19:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Pag
16、e Foreword iv Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Properties, origin and occurrence of moulds in indoor environments . 4 5 Sampling and detection methods 5 6 Measurement strategy 6 6.1 General aspects . 6 6.2 Selection of appropriate procedure . 9 7 Quali
17、ty requirements and uncertainty considerations 17 Annex A (informative) Moisture damage indicators 18 Annex B (informative) Devices for total spore count and detection of culturable fungi . 19 Annex C (informative) Field inspection report to describe sampling procedure and to document potential moul
18、d damage . 21 Bibliography 27 BS ISO 16000-19:2012ISO 16000-19:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction vi1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions .4 Properties, origin and occurrence of moulds in indoor environments . 45 Sampling and detection m
19、ethods 56 Measurement strategy 66.1 General aspects . 6 6.2 Selection of appropriate procedure . 9 7 Quality requirements and uncertainty considerations 17Annex A (informative) Moisture damage indicators 18B Devices for total spore count and detection of culturable fungi . 19C Field inspection repor
20、t to describe sampling procedure and to document potential mould damage . 21 Bibliography 27BS EN ISO 16000-19:2014ISO 16000-19:2012(E)BS ISO 16000-19:2012ISO 16000-19:2012(E) iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation o
21、f national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. In
22、ternational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with
23、the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval
24、 by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16000-19 was prepared by Technical Committ
25、ee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air. ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air: Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indo
26、or air and test chamber air Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TAsorbent,
27、 thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MSFID Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile
28、organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test chamber method Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test cell method Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building
29、 products and furnishing Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens Part 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Part 13: Determination
30、 of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters vi Introduction Mould spores and metabolites can be inhaled via the air and cause allergic and irritating reactions a
31、nd/or complex symptoms in humans. Moreover, mould growth can be associated with severe odour nuisances. Inrare cases, some mould species can cause infections (so-called mycoses) in certain risk groups.141819There is sufficient epidemiological evidence that damp and mouldy buildings increase the risk
32、 of respiratory symptoms, respiratory infections and enhances asthma symptoms of the occupants.8In addition, there is some evidence for increased risk of development of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Furthermore, there is clinical evidence for rare symptoms like allergic alveolitis, chronic rhinosinu
33、sitis and allergic sinusitis. Toxicological studies in vivo and in vitro show irritating and toxic reactions of microorganisms (including spores, cell components and metabolites) from damp buildings.8Growth of microorganisms in damp buildings can lead to increased concentrations of spores, cell frag
34、ments, allergens, mycotoxins, endotoxins, -glucanes and MVOC (microbial volatile organic compounds). From the studies conducted so far it is not clear which compounds are the causative agents of the health effects observed. Nevertheless, increased concentrations of each of these compounds are consid
35、ered a potential health risk818and growth of mould in buildings should, therefore, be avoided. The prime objective of this part of ISO 16000 is to provide assistance in identifying mould sources in indoor environments. BS EN ISO 16000-19:2014ISO 16000-19:2012(E)BS ISO 16000-19:2012INTERNATIONAL STAN
36、DARD ISO 16000-19:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1Indoor air Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds 1 Scope This part of ISO 16000 describes the measurement strategy for the detection of fungi in indoor environments. It describes suitable sampling and analysis methods together with a descriptio
37、n of the applicability and the interpretation of the measurement results to maximize the comparability of the measured data obtained for a given measurement objective. It does not include details on recording building characteristics or field inspections by qualified professionals which have to take
38、 place prior to any microbiological measurement. This part of ISO 16000 is not applicable to a detailed description of the building physics- and building-engineering-related procedures applicable to field inspections. The methods and procedures presented do not allow quantitative exposure assessment
39、 with regard to the room occupants. The application of this part of ISO 16000 presupposes the knowledge of ISO 16000-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
40、references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16000-16, Indoor air Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by filtration ISO 16000-18, Indoor air Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by impaction 3 Terms and definitio
41、ns For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 pre-existing mouldy condition desiccated “old” mould growth, where additional biomass growth no longer occurs and the indoor air mould spore concentration gradually decreases with time 3.2 biological preservation ef
42、ficiency capacity of the sampler to maintain the viability of the airborne microorganisms during collection and also to keep the microbial products intact SOURCE: EN 13098:20006 BS EN ISO 16000-19:2014BS ISO 16000-19:2012ISO 16000-19:2012(E) 2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedNOTE The biological collecti
43、on efficiency considers the sampling stress occurring during sampling and analysis in addition to the physical collection efficiency. 3.3 identification of moulds assignment of moulds to spore types or groups on the basis of defined properties (e.g. morphological, biochemical, molecular-biological p
44、roperties) NOTE The term “differentiation” is frequently used instead of identification. The term “differentiation” is, however, misleading because the intention is not to merely differentiate the moulds but to identify them, i.e. to assign them, e.g. to genera or species. 3.4 filamentous fungus fun
45、gus growing in the form of filaments of cells known as hyphae NOTE 1 Hyphae aggregated in bundles are called mycelia. NOTE 2 The term “filamentous fungi” differentiates fungi with hyphal growth from yeasts. 3.5 filtration collection of particles suspended in a gas or liquid by flow through a porous
46、medium SOURCE: EN 13098:20006 NOTE In this part of ISO 16000, filtration is understood as the separation of microorganisms or moulds from a defined volume of air by means of filters. 3.6 total spore count number of (culturable and non-culturable) spores that are collected and enumerated under the mi
47、croscope NOTE For the term “spores”, see 3.19, Note 2. 3.7 yeast unicellular fungus that does not normally produce a mycelium and reproduce by budding (budding fungi) as against moulds, which reproduce by sporulation 3.8 impaction sampling of particles suspended in air by inertial separation on a so
48、lid surface (culture medium or adhesive-coated slides) NOTE 1 See 16000-18. NOTE 2 Sampling is carried out using either round-hole or slit impactors, for instance. As the air passes through the orifices, it is accelerated and the particles are impacted on the medium located directly behind the nozzl
49、es as a result of their inertia, while the air flows around the culture medium and exits the sampler. Impaction samples are only suitable for direct analysis without further resuspension of the sample. 3.9 colony forming unit cfu air quality unit by which the culturable number of microorganisms is expressed SOURCE: EN 13098:20006 NOTE 1 One colony can originate from one single microorganism, from aggregates of many microorganisms as well as from one or many microorganisms attached
