1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 18265:2003 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Metallic materials Conversion of hardness values The European Standard EN ISO 18265:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.040.10 BS EN ISO 18265:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standa
2、rds Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 November 2003 BSI 23 December 2003 ISBN 0 580 42957 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 18265:2003. It is identical with ISO 18265:2003. It supersedes BS 860:1967 which is withdrawn. The UK participation
3、 in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ISE/NFE/4, Mechanical testing of materials, to Subcommittee ISE/NFE/4/5, Indentation hardness testing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross
4、-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of B
5、ritish Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; pre
6、sent to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an
7、 inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 74, the Annex ZA page and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publicati
8、on Amd. No. Date Comments 14919 Corrigendum No. 1 23 December 2003 Correction to EN ISO foreword page and incorporation of Annex ZA pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO18265 November2003 ICS77.040.01 Englishversion MetallicmaterialsConversionofhardnessvalues(ISO 18265:2003) Matri
9、auxmtalliquesConversiondesvaleursdeduret (ISO18265:2003) MetallischeWerkstoffeUmwertungvonHrtewerten(ISO 18265:2003) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon3October2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatuso
10、fanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation unde
11、rtheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Por
12、tugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.E
13、NISO18265:2003ECORRECTED20031203 Foreword Thisdocument(ENISO18265:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC164 “Mechanicaltestingofmetals“incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeECISS/TC1“Steel Mechanicaltesting“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyAFNOR. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanatio
14、nalstandard,eitherbypublicationof anidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyMay2004,andconflictingnationalstandards shallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyMay2004. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Au
15、stria,Belgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerlandand theUnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextofISO18265:2003hasbeenapprovedbyCENasENISO18265:2003withoutany modifications.
16、 NOTENormativereferencestoInternationalStandardsarelistedinAnnexZA(normative). ENISO18265:2003 Reference number ISO 18265:2003(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18265 First edition 2003-11-01 Metallic materials Conversion of hardness values Matriaux mtalliques Conversion des valeurs de duret ENISO18265:2
17、003ii ENISO18265:2003IS:56281 O3002(E) iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Principles of conversion 2 4 Application of conversion tables 2 4.1 General. 2 4.2 Converting values. 6 4.3 Designation of conversion results 8 4.4 Notes on use of conversion tabl
18、es . 9 Annex A (informative) Conversion table for unalloyed, low-alloy steels and cast iron 10 Annex B (informative) Conversion tables for steels for quenching and tempering 15 Annex C (informative) Conversion tables for cold working steels 33 Annex D (informative) Conversion tables for high speed s
19、teels. 44 Annex E (informative) Conversion tables for hardmetals 56 Annex F (informative) Conversion tables for non-ferrous metals and alloys 60 Bibliography . 73 3002:56281OSINEENISO18265:2003IS:56281 O3002(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide feder
20、ation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that commit
21、tee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordanc
22、e with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires a
23、pproval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18265 was prepared by Technical Com
24、mittee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing. 3002:56281OSINEENISO18265:2003IS:56281 O3002(E) vIntroduction The hardness conversion values given in Table A.1 were obtained in interlaboratory tests by the Verein Deutscher Eisenhttenleute (VDEh) (German Iron and
25、 Steel Institute) using verified and calibrated hardness testing machines. Statistically reliable information cannot be given on the uncertainty of these values because the test conditions were not reproducible, and the number of results used to calculate the mean hardness values is not known. The c
26、onversion values in Table A.1 are in accordance with the information presented in IC No. 3 (1980) and IC No. 4 (1982) of the European Coal and Steel Community, as well as in ISO 4964:1984 and ISO/TR 10108:1989. Annexes C, D and E contain in a revised format the extensive results on the conversion of
27、 hardness values presented in TGL 43212/02 to 43212/04, standards published by the former East German standards body, the Amt fr Standardisierung, Mewesen und Warenprfung (ASMW). The values presented in Annex B had also been determined by the ASMW, but were published in a report of the Physikalisch-
28、 Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) 1 , the German national institute for science and technology, not in a TGL standard. The converted hardness values in the above-mentioned TGL standards were obtained in statistically reliable hardness and tensile tests. The hardness tests were performed using ASMW nor
29、mal testing machines on plane-parallel, polished specimens of various materials in different heat treatment conditions. Tensile strength was tested on machines whose force measuring and extension measuring systems had been calibrated immediately before testing. The tensile test method used is equiva
30、lent to that specified in ISO 6892, and the calibration procedures conform with those specified in ISO 7500-1 and ISO 9513. Users of this International Standard should take note of Clause 3, especially the concluding warning. 3002:56281OSINEENISO18265:2003 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 1Metallic mat
31、erials Conversion of hardness values 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the principles of the conversion of hardness values and gives general information on the use of conversion tables. The conversion tables in nnexes A to F apply to unalloyed and low-alloy steels and cast iron; steels f
32、or quenching and tempering; cold working steels; high speed steels; hardmetals; non-ferrous metals and alloys. NOTE The conversion tables in Annexes B to E are based on empirical results which were evaluated by means of regression analysis. Such analysis was not possible in the case of the values gi
33、ven in Annex A because a sufficient number of results was not available. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference
34、d document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6506-1:1999, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method ISO 6507-1:1997, Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part 1: Test method ISO 6507-2:1997, Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part 2: Verification of testing machine
35、s ISO 6508-1:1999, Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) ISO 6508-2:1999, Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) ISO 6892:1998, Metall
36、ic materials Tensile testing at ambient temperature ISO 7500-1: 1) , Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/ compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system ISO 9513:1999, Metallic materials Calibration of extensome
37、ters used in uniaxial testing 1)To be published. (Revision of ISO 7500-1:1999)ENISO18265:20031IS:56281 O3002(E) 2 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr3 Principles of conversion Hardness testing is a form of materials testing that provides information on the mechanical properties of a material with limited
38、destruction of the specimen and within a relatively short period of time. In practice, it is often desirable to use hardness results to draw conclusions on the tensile strength of the same material if tensile testing is too involved or the piece to be examined is not to be destroyed. Since the means
39、 of loading in hardness testing is considerably different from that in tensile testing, it is not possible to derive a reliable functional relationship between these two characteristic values on the basis of a model. Nevertheless, hardness values and tensile strength values are positively correlated
40、, and so it is possible to draw up empirical relationships for limited applications. Often it is necessary to check a given hardness value against a value gained by a different test method. This is especially the case if only a certain method can be used due to the particular specimen or coating thi
41、ckness, the size of the object to be tested, surface quality, or the availability of hardness testing machines. Conversion of hardness values to tensile values makes it possible to carry out hardness measurement in place of the measurement of tensile strength taking into account that these tensile s
42、trength values must be seen as being the least reliable form of conversion. Likewise, with conversion between hardness scales, a hardness value can be replaced with a value obtained using the desired method. NOTE Sometimes a conversion relationship is drawn on a single-case basis to gain information
43、 on properties other than hardness, most often to obtain a good estimate of tensile strength. Special relationships are sometimes also drawn for hardness-to-hardness conversions. This may be done as long as the following conditions are fulfilled. The hardness test method is only used internally, and
44、 the results obtained not be compared with those of other methods, or the details of the test procedure are defined precisely enough so that results can be reproduced by another laboratory or at another time. The conversion tables used have been derived from a sufficiently large number of parallel e
45、xperiments using both scales and carried out on the material in question. Complaints may not be made on the basis of converted values. Converted results are expressed in such a manner that it is clear which method was used to determine the original hardness value. WARNING In practice, an attempt is
46、often made to establish a strong relationship between the original and converted values without taking into consideration the characteristics of the material under test. As Figures 1 and 2 show, this is not possible. Therefore, users of this International Standard should ensure that all conditions f
47、or conversion are met (see also 2 and 3). 4 Application of conversion tables 4.1 General Conversion from one hardness value to another, or from a hardness value to a tensile strength value, involves uncertainties which must be taken into account. Extensive investigations have shown that it is not po
48、ssible to establish universally applicable conversion relationships between hardness values obtained by different methods, no matter how carefully the tests had been carried out. This lies in the fact that there is a complex relationship between the indentation behaviour of a material and its elasticity. For this reason, the given conversion relatio
