1、 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD FLTM BI 110-01 Date Action Revisions Rev. 2 2011 09 26 Revised Editorial no technical change C. Starke, FoE 2010 01 19 Revised Revised to national/international standards C. Starke, FoE 1990 05 11 Released Controlled document at www.MATS Copyright 2011, Ford Global Techn
2、ologies, Inc. Page 1 of 6 MEASUREMENT OF THE GLOSS OF PAINT PANELS 1. Scope and Field of Application 1.1 Scope This standard agrees in principle with ISO 2813 and ASTM D523. Herewith three methods for the measurement of the specular gloss of paints with 20, 60 and 85 geometry are specified. The meas
3、urement results are similar to those of the visual perception, BUT visual assessment according to Ford Laboratory Test Method BI 109-01 will always override numerical measurement data and is compulsory for any type of appearance approval. 1.2 Field of Application Three geometries for the measurement
4、 of the specular gloss are recommended for paints. Depending on the gloss value of the 60 geometry measurement the suitable measurement geometry shall be chosen according to ASTM D523: - The 20 geometry is intended for obtaining improved differentiation of high-gloss paints (70 GU at 60). - The 60 g
5、eometry is intended for obtaining improved differentiation of medium-gloss paints (10 - 70 GU at 60). - The 85 geometry is intended for obtaining - improved differentiation of low-gloss paints Figure 1.1: Ranges of best - ( 70 GU at 60) surfaces, whereas the 85 geometry shall be used for low-gloss (
6、 10 GU at 60) surfaces. - The repeatability shall be less than 0.1 GU at 60 in the range of 0 10 GU and 0.2 GU at 60 in the range of 10 100 GU. - The inter instrument agreement shall be less than 0.2 GU at 60 in the range of 0 10 GU and 0.5 GU at 60 in the range of 10 100 GU. 3.2.2 Equipment propose
7、d A reflectometer (glossmeter) meeting the requirements of this method is - Byk Gardner micro-TRI-gloss S (also Master Instrument) and is therefore recommended as secondary instruments. 3.2.3 Maintenance and Calibration Maintenance and calibration is of prime importance in providing constant and rel
8、iable measurements. - The instrument has to be maintained and calibrated in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer of the equipment. - The instrument shall NOT be calibrated NOR charged within a series of measurements. - The instrument shall be calibrated at least every 8th hour and pr
9、eferably just prior to the sample measurement, using the black calibration tile furnished by the instrument manufacturer. If the measurement does not agree within 1 percent of its assigned value, do not use the instrument without re-adjustment, preferably by the manufacturer (ASTM D2457). - At regul
10、ar intervals or with the 8th hour calibration measurement equipment monitoring needs to be performed and put down in a report. For this purpose a test gloss standard with 5 GU at 60 has to be measured within a tolerance of 0.2 GU at 60. 4 Conditioning & Test Conditions 4.1 Conditioning of Samples Be
11、fore testing all samples have to be conditioned to equilibrium at 21 2C and 50 5% RH according to SAE J1767. Materials, such as plastics, do normally require to have reached above temperature range prior to evaluation. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD FLTM BI 110-01 Copyright 2011, Ford Global Technologi
12、es, Inc. Page 4 of 6 4.2 Test Conditions The sample and reference shall be visually checked for inhomogeneities in texture and gloss. The surface shall be free of dust, grease, contaminations or stains. All damaged areas that are no result of specific testing methods to be evaluated (e.g. scratch te
13、sts, etc.) need to be excluded from the measurements. If there is a defined direction of the test piece (e.g. up and down), the sample and the reference shall be measured in the same direction. All measurement areas shall be agreed amicablely between all involved and measuring parties prior to the a
14、ctual measurements. 5. Measurement Procedure At least four single measurements, preferably more shall be made - , if possible, at least 1 cm from the border of the sample, - homogeneously distributed over the area to be evaluated, - on untouched areas, - in the flattest areas of the part and - on co
15、rresponding textures, when comparing a plastics component with a plastics standard, to calculate the average value and standard deviation. For a successful assessment, make sure to - exclude faulty measurements (e.g. trends, outliers, etc.), - study any other measuring results only after the assessm
16、ent, - measure the test gloss standard (see 3.2.3) at sufficiently frequent intervals during a series of measurements and reject intervening results if at any time an instrument fails to repeat measurements of this tile to within the given tolerance. 6. Measurement Evaluation 6.1 Suitable Geometry D
17、epending on the gloss value of the 60 geometry measurement the suitable measurement geometry shall be chosen according to 1.2 of this method. If the standard deviation of measurements exceeds 5% of the average value the range shall be documented for this geometry in addition to the average value of
18、the 60 geometry. 6.2 Result If the samples are referenced to a standard and the measurement values - pass the agreed tolerances the result is approved INSTRUMENTALLY. - fail the agreed tolerances the result is not approved INSTRUMENTALLY. If the samples are NOT referenced to a standard the result sh
19、all be evaluated according to the Ford Method BI 109-01. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD FLTM BI 110-01 Copyright 2011, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Page 5 of 6 7. Report The test report shall include: 1. Identification a. for references & samples separately: i. Name / Color ii. Application iii. D C C
20、 Code iv. Manufacturer v. Technology vi. Material vii. Ident-# viii. Date issued 2. Measurement Information a. Gloss Device i. Name ii. Serial Number iii. Measurement Angle(s) iv. Area 3. Measurement Data a. for references: i. GU at 20, 60 & 85 ii. Indication of geometry most suited according to 1.2
21、 of this method b. for samples: i. GU at 20, 60 & 85 of the used reference ii. Indication of geometry most suited according to 1.2 of this method iii. GU at 20, 60 & 85 of the sample c. Result according to 6.2 of this standard 4. Responsibility a. Ford representative & indication of evaluator (E) /
22、approver (A) role in regard to the measurement b. Supplier representative & indication of evaluator (E) / approver (A) role in regard to the measurement 5. Comments a. other observations that have affected the measurement, e.g. stains, scratches, surface, structure, curvature, etc. b. any agreed dev
23、iation from this specification c. the remark measurement in accordance with Ford method BI110-01 8. Literature 8.1 List of References The norms and standards referred to in this method are listed below. ASTM D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss ASTM D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Fil
24、ms and Solid Plastics ASTM E284 Standard Terminology of Appearance FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD FLTM BI 110-01 Copyright 2011, Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Page 6 of 6 BI 109-01 Visual Appearance Evaluation BI 109-02 Color Measurement ISO 2813 Paints and Varnishes Determination of Specular Gloss on Non Metallic Paint Films at 20 Degree, 60 Degree and 85 Degree 8.2 Further Reading The sources taken into account for this method are listed below. ASTM D4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differences Between Surfaces of Different Appearances
