1、Control Center DesignGuide and TerminologyApproved 28 February 1995ISARP60.21995RECOMMENDED PRACTICEISA The Instrumentation,Systems, andAutomation Society TMCopyright 1995 by the Instrument Society of America. All rights reserved. Printed in the UnitedStates of America. No part of this publication m
2、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, orotherwise), without the prior written permission of the publisher.ISA67 Alexander DriveP.O. Box 12277Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709ISARP60.21995
3、, Control Center Design Guide and TerminologyISBN: 1-55617-560-4ISA-RP60.2-1995 3PrefaceThis preface as well as all footnotes and appendices is included for informational purposes and is not part of ISA-RP60.2-1995.This recommended practice has been prepared as part of the service of ISA, the intern
4、ational society for measurement and control, toward a goal of uniformity in the field of instrumentation. To be of real value, this document should not be static but should be subject to periodic review. Toward this end, the Society welcomes all comments and criticisms and asks that they be addresse
5、d to the Secretary, Standards and Practices Board; ISA; 67 Alexander Drive; P. O. Box 12277; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; Telephone (919) 990-9227; Fax (919) 549-8288; e-mail: standardsisa.org.The ISA Standards and Practices Department is aware of the growing need for attention to the metric sy
6、stem of units in general, and the International System of Units (SI) in particular, in the preparation of instrumentation standards, recommended practices, and technical reports. The Department is further aware of the benefits to U.S.A. users of ISA standards of incorporating suitable references to
7、the SI (and the metric system) in their business and professional dealings with other countries. Toward this end, this Department will endeavor to introduce SI-acceptable metric units in all new and revised standards to the greatest extent possible. The Metric Practice Guide, which has been publishe
8、d by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers as ANSI/IEEE Std. 268-1992, and future revisions, will be the reference guide for definitions, symbols, abbreviations, and conversion factors.It is the policy of ISA to encourage and welcome the participation of all concerned individuals and
9、 interests in the development of ISA standards, recommended practices, and technical reports. Participation in the ISA standards-making process by an individual in no way constitutes endorsement by the employer of that individual, of ISA, or of any of the standards that ISA develops.This recommended
10、 practice is one of a series that constitutes the control center standard, ISA-S60. The individual sections provide continuity of presentation, convenience of reference, and flexibility of revision. The complete standard consists of the following sections:SECTION TITLE SCOPERP60.1 Control Center Gui
11、de for preparation of engineeringFacilities designs and specifications for control center facilities.RP60.2 Control Center Design methods and terminology Design Guide and used in the specification of controlTerminology center facilities.RP60.3 Human Engineering Design concepts accommodatingfor Contr
12、ol Centers human physiological capabilities.RP60.4 Documentation for Guide to the documentationControl Centers associated with control center specifications.4 ISA-RP60.2-1995dRP60.5 Control Center Guide to the use of available graphicGraphic Displays display techniques.RP60.6 Nameplates, Labels, Gui
13、de to the methods ofand Tags for identification of control center Control Centers equipment and parts.dRP60.7 Control Center Guide to control center profiles,Construction fabrication and finish methods, andenclosure selection.RP60.8 Electrical Guide Design concepts for control center for Control Cen
14、ters electrical requirements.RP60.9 Piping Guide for Design concepts for control centerControl Centers piping requirements.dRP60.10 Control Center Guide to the methods of inspection Inspection and and testing prior to control centerTesting acceptance.RP60.11 Crating, Shipping, Guide to methods for c
15、ontrol centerand Handling for crating, shipping, and handling.Control CentersDraft Recommended Practice. For additional information on the status of this document, contact ISA Headquarters.The following people served as members of ISA Committee RP60.2:NAME COMPANYR. Borut, Chairman M. W. Kellogg Com
16、panyH. Hopkins, Managing Director Utility Products of ArizonaW. Aird Aird Telcom AssociatesA. Alworth ConsultantC. Armstrong EGSC. Aured Silent Watchman Corporation*B. Ball The Foxboro CompanyA. Barsamian 3X CorporationS. Boyer Illiad Energy Inc.*J. Cusak Moore Products CompanyF. Durfee Toptools Aut
17、omation SystemsG. Erk ConsultantJ. Fertitta ConsultantT. Holland Johnson Controls, Inc.A. Kayser Malcolm Pirnie Inc.C. Lisser ConsultantJ. Macosko Liebert CorporationW. Maxwell Lower Colorado River Authority*One vote per companyISA-RP60.2-1995 5NAME COMPANYR. Munz Mundix Control Center, Inc.D. Neal
18、Texaco Inc.J. Phillips American Electric Power CorporationH. Solk ConsultantI. Stubbs Consultant*M. Walsh The Foxboro CompanyR. Welch Saudi AramcoW. G. Williams ConsultantW. T. Williams Lockwood Greene Engineers, Inc.*W. Wylupek Moore Products CompanyThis recommended practice was approved for public
19、ation by the ISA Standards and Practices Board on February 28, 1995.NAME COMPANYM. Widmeyer, Vice President Washington Public Power Supply SystemH. Baumann H. D. Baumann 2) CCD Engineering Construction Contractor(s), (ECC); and3) CCD contracted individual.The interfaces between the CCD and the other
20、 entities remain the same in all of the above.10 ISA-RP60.2-19954.1 Planning activitiesBefore a control center project is initiated, the owner should have a budget estimate. When the project is initiated, a qualified CCD should be designated. Certain items that should be considered early in the plan
21、ning stage should be in the hands of the CCD prior to the start of the design. Many people can add significantly to the information the CCD will need, and these people should be consulted. These include personnel from production, process engineering, instrument engineering, facilities, maintenance,
22、safety and utilities, who can assist in supplying the following information.4.1.1 Plant typeThe type of plant indicates, in general, the size of the control center; the number of control schemes; the degree of possible hazards, such as environmental, fire, explosion, or toxic materials; types of con
23、trol required; and location of the process and peripheral equipment.4.1.2 Plant locationThe geographical location of the plant has a direct influence on the placement of the control center. Knowledge of seismic activity, weather, sunrise/sunset, heat/cold, and prevailing winds could, for example, ha
24、ve an effect on the location or orientation of the control center facility and the cubicles and consoles within it. Geographical location also will affect items in 4.1.3 and 4.1.4. The geographical location also will be a factor in the costs of engineering and installation-e.g., travel time and expe
25、nses, shipping expenses, and material availability. Reference ISA-RP60.1, Control Center Facilities.4.1.3 Architectural preference, interior and exteriorOwner preference for style, size, shape, access, and number of floor levels and rooms plus requirements for future expansion and materials of const
26、ruction will influence the final design, as will the choice of panel type (multipane or flat face) and its location relative to the process to be controlled. Area lighting (wiring, fixtures, and installation) must be considered, as well as electric power requirement for the control center. The contr
27、ol centers support facilities should also be defined-e.g., instrument equipment storage areas, testing and repair facilities, equipment and rack or wire termination rooms, supervisory and administrative control equipment, filtering, heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems, and personnel fa
28、cilities.4.1.4 Operator experienceThe availability or lack of experienced operators can influence the design of the control center. Affected design considerations include the following:1) Complexity of control schemes;2) Amount of automatic safety controls; and3) Type and amount of graphic pictorial
29、 assistance.Training from equipment vendors and others is available and should be provided to the operators early in the design process.ISA-RP60.2-1995 114.1.5 Type of instrumentationThe control center designers primary choices of instrumentation types will be made from (1) electronic distributed an
30、d programmable logic control systems, (2) conventional electronic systems, and (3) pneumatic systems. Various advantages are associated with each type and must be considered.4.1.6 Control philosophyThe owner, after deciding upon one of the above types of instrumentation, must decide upon the sophist
31、ication of the control schemes and the amount of safety controls that should be provided. Most design features will be recommended by the CCD, but some limitations and requirements should be specified by the owner. It is particularly important that the owner and CCD agree to the amount of redundancy
32、 provided in the safety systems.4.1.7 Codes and specificationsUnique power requirements dictated by the local, state, country, or other authorities having jurisdiction are specified in the various codes and regulations. Electrical power levels, frequencies, distribution, cabling, etc., and aspects o
33、f personnel health and safety should be included in the specifications. All client and plant-specific labor agreements and installation specifications should also be referenced.4.1.8 BudgetThe owner should have a budget estimate before obtaining quotations from the CCD.4.1.9 ScheduleA definitive sch
34、edule will be determined by the chosen CCD. Contractual restraints must be set up in the early planning stages of the project where an engineering/construction contractor is utilized.4.1.10 DocumentationAll of the foregoing information must be documented and retained by the owner and CCD, along with
35、 a project statement (purpose), to provide complete information to the CCD and to avoid confusion. These documents should be part of the project specifications.4.1.11 Other considerationsThe owner may have several other items that are important to the project but have not been included above. The ea
36、rlier the CCD is informed of these special requirements, the more accurate the schedule and the budget will be.4.2 Owner CCD meetingsPrior to the start of CCD activities, meetings should be held to review the control center requirements and to clarify the owners requirements and preferences. As a mi
37、nimum, the following items should be reviewed:1) Owner and CCD interface Exact interface responsibilities should be apportioned. The extent of owner engineering, review, and approval cycles should be set, if not already defined in the job specifications.2) Layout Overall general layout requirements
38、and owner preferences should be established.12 ISA-RP60.2-19953) Codes Local, national, and international codes should be available and adhered to as applicable.4) Unique items Unique items in the specifications should be discussed and understood. Long lead time items should be particularly consider
39、ed here.5) Spare parts The philosophy of recommended spare parts and storage requirements should be established.6) Training Training requirements of operators and maintenance personnel should be established.7) Documentation As each owners document requirements are unique, the types of drawings, manu
40、als, and other data required should be included. Additionally, the methods of transmission and to whom documentation is to be addressed should be decided.8) Cost estimates Alternative designs and the budget should be reviewed, and close liaison should be maintained between the owner and the CCD duri
41、ng the life of the project. Cost and schedule control of changes, regardless of origination, must be evaluated in terms of final cost and schedule effect versus the proposed benefit. The aggregate costs and schedule effects should be regularly discussed with the owner. It is recommended that revisio
42、ns, particularly overruns, be justified as they occur rather than as one large total at the end of the project.9) Other considerations Any unusual requirements should be discussed-for example, international trade requirements.4.3 Engineering and design4.3.1 Engineering specificationsDuring the early
43、 stages of the job, the CCD should develop preliminary information and data as the job specifications become increasingly firm. Once the CCD has confidence that the design changes will be minimal (that is, instrumentation has been finalized as to type and the project instrument flow diagrams reflect
44、 the control philosophy and hardware) then final documentation for the control center procurement can begin. This would include the following:1) Control center construction specifications2) Hardware and instrumentation specifications3) Layout drawings4) Cost estimateIt is important to consider early
45、 in the project what equipment the control center manufacturer (CCMFR) is to furnish so that the cost allocations can be applied correctly. Documentation, spare parts, and training requirements also significantly affect the cost.4.3.2 Other considerationsIn addition to the drawing and design interfa
46、ces, the free-issue instrumentation must also be considered. If the CCMFR is to furnish any instrumentation with the control center, it is to be clearly defined prior to and included with the invitation to bid (ITB). In most cases the CCMFR should be required to provide all of the hardware, relays,
47、and switches; uninterruptible power ISA-RP60.2-1995 13supplies (UPS), power distribution panels, and termination panels. This material must be identified in the ITB.4.3.3 Owner reviewIt is important for the CCD to review all the prepared documentation with the owner prior to proceeding with the proc
48、urement phase of the project. The changes made at this point will minimize cost escalations and will have a minimum effect upon the schedule. Once the procurement phase begins, in most cases, changes will affect not only the CCD, but also the CCMFR and CCMFR suppliers, thereby increasing the cost an
49、d extending the schedule.4.4 Procurement4.4.1 Choosing acceptable biddersChoosing bidders with acceptable credentials is one of the most important criteria of a successful project. The bidders input into the finer details of design can often save the owner money and conserve schedule time.4.4.1.1 Some of the factors that should be included in bidder selection follow:1) The bidders past experience with the CCD or the owner2) The bidders known expertise in the industry for this particular type of control center3) Advertisements in
