1、 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1729 Common 16 9/4 3 aspect ratio digital television reference test pattern (Question ITU-R 97/6) (2005) Scope This Recommendation specifies a reference test pattern which may be used with any of Recommendations ITU-R BT.601, ITU-R BT.1358, ITU-R BT.1543
2、 or ITU-R BT.709. The pattern is designed for use in either 16 9 aspect ratio or 4 3 aspect ratio. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that test patterns provide a convenient means of assessing chrominance and luminance performance in a television system; b) that although the require
3、ments for test patterns differ between standard-definition and high-definition television (HDTV) digital formats, it is possible to construct a single test signal which may be successfully used for all of these formats; c) that such a common test pattern may be useful when broadcasting in multiple f
4、ormats or when converting between formats; d) that the use of a common test pattern for all these formats can simplify test procedures and reduce the opportunity for misinterpretation of signal parameters and misalignment of systems, recommends 1 that the parameters defined in Annex 1 should be impl
5、emented and may be used for production and distribution purposes in standard-definition and HDTV digital formats. Annex 1 Common 16 9/4 3 aspect ratio digital television reference test pattern Normative references Recommendation ITU-R BS.645 Test signals and metering to be used on international soun
6、d programme connections. Recommendation ITU-R BT.471 Nomenclature and description of colour bar signals. Recommendation ITU-R BT.601 Studio encoding parameters of digital television for standard 4:3 and wide-screen 16:9 aspect ratios. 2 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 Recommendation ITU-R BT.709 Parameter values
7、 for the HDTV standards for production and international programme exchange. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1358 Studio parameters of 625 and 525 line progessive scan television systems. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1379 Safe areas of wide-screen 16:9 and standard 4:3 aspect ratio productions to achieve a commo
8、n format during a transition period to wide-screen 16:9 broadcasting. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1543 1 280 720, 16 9 progressively-captured image format for production and international programme exchange in the 60 Hz environment. Purpose The reference test pattern has several purposes: quality contro
9、l of chrominance and luminance through the production chain; checking and adjusting the chrominance and luminance alignment of broadcast equipment, particularly video monitors; general testing of equipment for video production, emission and presentation; establish that a video circuit is active and
10、that associated audio is available; check for audio-video synchronization; check for correct connection of audio channels and correct audio levels. System types The pattern described in this Recommendation is intended for use with Recommendations ITU-R BT.601, ITU-R BT.709, ITU-R BT.1358, or ITU-R B
11、T.1543. These systems are distinguished by the proportions of their colour encoding (or “colorimetry”) and by their resolution. Zones of test pattern The zones of the multi-format test pattern are shown in Fig. 1. The test pattern is shown in detail with labels in Fig. 2. The test pattern is shown a
12、s it appears on screen in Fig. 3. An alternate format suited to 4 3 systems is shown in Fig. 4. Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 3 FIGURE 1 Zones of the multi-format test pattern FIGURE 2 Multi-format test pattern detail with labels 4 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 FIGURE 3 Multi-format test pattern as seen on screen FIGURE
13、4 Multi-format test pattern alternate format for 4 3 systems Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 5 Usage of zones The overall aspect ratio of the test pattern is 16 9, comprising a centre zone of 4 3 aspect ratio and two side zones of equal size. For both the 16 9 zone and the 4 3 zone, the edges are castellated to
14、a thickness of 3.5% of the picture dimension. For the sides of the 4 3 zone, this corresponds to 2.5% of the full width of the pattern. The castellated edges are used to adjust overscan (see Recommendation ITU-R BT.1379). The width of the castellated areas is given in Table 1. TABLE 1 Castellation t
15、hickness (pixels) ZoneSystems Top, bottom Sides, 16 9 area(1)Sides, 4 3 area(1) 1 920 1 080 16 9 38 67 48 1 280 720 16 9 25 45 32 960 576 16 9 20 34 24 960 483 16 9 20 34 24 16 9 25 18 720 576 4 3 20 n/a 25 16 9 25 18 720 483 4 3 17 n/a 25 (1)The indicated values are ideal widths. In the case of 4:2
16、:2 implementations, even valued widths are recommended.NOTE 1 For a picture width of 720 pixels in 16:9 format, use horizontal resolution markers at position A. For a picture width of 960 pixels in 16:9 format or for a cropped picture of width 720 pixels in 4:3 format, use horizontal resolution mark
17、ers at position B. In the centre of the picture is a large circle containing Zones 2-13. This circle indicates the aspect ratio of the source signal. The diameter of the circle is 93% of the picture height. This circle is set against a crosshatched background of 50% grey (Zone 1). Zone 1 is divided
18、into a 10 10 grid. Zones 8-10, 14 and 15 contain frequency response bars. Associated with these bars are coloured markers to show the end of the pass-band (0.8 Nyquist frequency) and the Nyquist frequency of 483-, 576-, 720- and 1 080-line systems. Vertical frequency sweep may be expressed by either
19、 frame-based or field-based signals. Zone 2 is user-definable and is intended for text to identify the transmission channel or signal source. Zone 3 contains a white bar (100% luminance) as reference for the colour bars immediately below it. Zones 4 contains a set of 100/0/100/0 colour bars. The col
20、our bars may be used for checking cameras, codecs and monitors in any part of a production chain or they may be used for checking any other equipment used for digital emission and presentation. 6 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 Zone 5 contains a luminance ramp. This may be used to check that a system is performi
21、ng correctly at all digital code values, including those beyond 0% and 100% luminance, but not including sync level. Zone 6 contains a horizontal B-Y colour difference signal ramp. Zone 7 contains a horizontal R-Y colour difference signal ramp. Zone 8 contains a linear horizontal luminance frequency
22、 sweep. The start of this sweep corresponds to 1.125 MHz 483/576-line systems and 2.32 MHz 720/1 080-line systems. The end of this sweep corresponds to 18 MHz in 483/576-line systems and 37.125 MHz in 720/1 080-line systems. Zone 9 contains a linear horizontal B-Y colour difference signal frequency
23、sweep. The start of this sweep corresponds to 0.5625 MHz in 483/576-line systems and 1.16 MHz in 720/1 080-line systems. The end of this sweep corresponds to 9 MHz in 483/576-line systems and 18.5625 MHz in 720/1 080-line systems. Zone 10 contains a linear horizontal R-Y colour difference signal fre
24、quency sweep. The start of this sweep corresponds to 0.5625 MHz in 483/576-line systems and 1.16 MHz in 720/1 080-line systems. The end of this sweep corresponds to 9 MHz in 483/576-line systems and 18.5625 MHz in 720/1 080-line systems. Zone 11 contains a horizontal luminance staircase in 10% steps
25、. Zone 12 contains a bar which moves horizontally from left to right and then starts again from the left. This is used for checking audio-video synchronization and to establish that the channel is active. The bar travels horizontally across its zone in 1 s. The audio sync signal is given when the ba
26、r passes the centreline. This zone is split vertically into thirds: the upper zone has markers at +40 ms (sound leads picture) 0 ms and 80 ms (picture leads sound). These are used as pass/fail markers. The lower third has fixed markers at 100 ms intervals and the middle third has the travelling bar.
27、 Both the fixed and the moving markers are white on a black background, approximately two pixels wide in a 483- or 576-line format. Zone 13 contains a red bar on a yellow background, used as a chrominance/luminance delay test signal. Zone 14 contains a vertical frequency sweep for luminance, R-Y col
28、our difference and B-Y colour difference signals for 4:2:0 sampling. The luminance sweep runs from 64 to 1 080 lines relative to the total picture height and the colour difference sweeps run from 32 to 540 lines relative to the total picture height. The double markers indicate Nyquist frequency poin
29、ts for 483-line and 576-line systems with frame-based signals or progressive scan signals. Zone 15 contains a vertical frequency sweep for luminance, R-Y colour difference and B-Y colour difference signals for 4:2:2 sampling. All three sweeps run from 64 to 1 080 lines relative to the total picture
30、height. The double markers are as for Zone 14. The frequencies and sweep positions of the pass-band markers and the stop-band markers are shown in Tables 2 and 3. Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 7 TABLE 2 Horizontal resolution marker points Picture resolution 0.8 Nyquist frequency (MHz) 0.8 Nyquist frequency sam
31、ples (16 9 equivalent) 0.8 Nyquist frequency % of sweep Nyquist frequency (MHz) Nyquist frequencysamples (16 9 equivalent) Nyquist frequency % of sweep 720 483 5.4 576 25.3 6.75 720 33.3 720 576 5.4 576 25.3 6.75 720 33.3 960 483 7.2 768 36 9 960 46.7 960 576 7.2 768 36 9 960 46.7 1 280 720 29.7 1 0
32、24 50.2 37.125 1 280 64.4 1 920 1 080 29.7 1536 78.7 37.125 1 920 100 TABLE 3 Vertical resolution marker points Picture resolution Nyquist frequency lines Nyquist frequency % of sweep 720 483i 483 (240) 41.2 (17.3) 720 576i 756 (288) 50.4 (22.0) 720 483p 483 41.2 720 576p 576 50.4 960 483i 483 (240)
33、 41.2 (17.3) 960 576i 576 (288) 50.4 (22.0) 1 280 720p 720 64.6 1 920 1 080i 1 080 (540) 100 (46.9) 1 920 1 080p 1 080 100 NOTE 1 Values in parentheses correspond to field-based signals. The first active line of each field and the last active line of each field are indicated in Table 4. TABLE 4 Syst
34、em First active lines Last active lines 1 080i 21, 584 560, 1 123 576i 23, 336 310, 623 483i 22, 285 262, 525 8 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 Rise and fall times of bar transitions The 10% to 90% rise time and 90% to 10% fall time of the colour bars should be identical to each other and should be consistent wi
35、th the frequency response specifications in Recommendations ITU-R BT.601, ITU-R BT.1358, ITU-R BT.1543 or ITU-R BT.709, as appropriate to the format1. The shape of the leading and trailing edges should be similar to a raised cosine function. Colour signal encoding The derivation of luminance and col
36、our difference signals from R, G and B components should comply with Recommendation ITU-R BT.709 for 1 080-line systems or Recommendation ITU-R BT.601 or Recommendation ITU-R BT.1358 for 483/576-line systems and with Recommendation ITU-R BT.1543 for 720-line systems. For 1 080/720-line systems these
37、 relationships are: Y = 0.2126R + 0.7152G + 0.0722B BC = (B Y)/1.8556 RC = (R Y)/1.5748 For 483/576-line systems these relationships are: Y = 0.299R + 0.587G + 0.114B BC = 0.564 (B Y) RC = 0.713 (R Y) Equipment designers and operators should be aware than an appropriate colorimetry conversion proces
38、s is required when format conversions between the 1 080/720-line systems and the 483/576-line systems occur. Audio signals Audio signals of two types may be used in conjunction with the video test signal: Type 1: Continuous sinewave tones on each channel, using the following frequencies2: Left: 392
39、Hz (G) Centre: 493.9 Hz (B) Right: 587.3 Hz (D) Surround (mono) or surround (left): 784 Hz (G) Surround (right): 987.8 Hz (B) LFE: 40 Hz Type 2: As for Type 1 plus a 40 Hz tone on every channel. The Type 1 tone is used for channel identification and for checking audio-video synchronization. The righ
40、t channel tone should be muted once per second for 25 ms to coincide with the visual synchronizing indication. The synchronization point should be at the start of the mute period. 1The rise-time should be consistent with a minimum-phase analogue system with the same amplitude-frequency response. 2Th
41、e frequencies of the identification tones may be varied slightly if desired: equal temperament tunings are given here but just tunings may be used instead. Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 9 The Type 2 tone may be used for the same purposes as the Type 1 tone and for checking relative polarity of channels. If two
42、 tones are used on a channel, they should be of equal level, 3 dB below alignment level3, so that the sum of the two tones produces alignment level. If a single tone is used on a channel, it should be at alignment level. Waveforms for 1 080-/720-line systems Analogue waveforms corresponding to the c
43、olour bar pattern in the test pattern for 1 080-line and 720-line systems are shown in Fig. 5. Values without parentheses are word-codes for a 10-bit digital system. Values shown in parentheses are for an 8-bit digital system. The width of each bar from 100% Yellow to 100% Blue inclusive is aligned
44、with a 10 10 grid. FIGURE 5 1 080/720-line systems, colour bar waveforms, 100/0/100/0 bars 3Alignment level is defined in Recommendation ITU-R BS.645. 10 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 Colour bar waveform for 483/576-line systems Analogue waveforms corresponding to the four patterns in the test pattern for the
45、720 576 and 720 483 digital systems are shown in Fig. 6. Values without parentheses are word-codes for a 10-bit digital system. Values shown in parentheses are for an 8-bit digital system. The width of each bar from 100% Yellow to 100% Blue inclusive is aligned with 10 10 grid. FIGURE 6 483/576-line
46、 systems, colour bar waveforms, 100/0/100/0 bars Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 11 Luminance ramp waveforms Waveforms defining the luminance ramp are shown in Fig. 7. FIGURE 7 Luminance ramp waveforms for all systems 12 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 B-Y ramp waveforms Waveforms defining the B-Y colour difference ramp are
47、shown in Fig. 8 for the 1 080/720-line systems and in Fig. 9 for 483/576-line systems. FIGURE 8 B-Y ramp waveforms for 1 080/720-line systems Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 13 FIGURE 9 B-Y ramp waveforms for 483/576-line systems 14 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 R-Y ramp waveforms Waveforms defining the R-Y colour differen
48、ce ramp are shown in Fig. 10 for 1 080/720-line systems and in Fig. 11 for 483/576-line systems. FIGURE 10 R-Y ramp waveforms for 1 080/720-line systems Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 15 FIGURE 11 R-Y ramp waveforms for 483/576-line systems Appendix 1 to Annex 1 Digital coding values for 1 080/720 line digital
49、systems and equivalent signal values for analogue systems Table 5 shows recommended digital coding values for 8- and 10-bit implementations of the test pattern, based on Recommendations ITU-R BT.709 and ITU-R BT.1543. 16 Rec. ITU-R BT.1729 TABLE 5 Digital coding values for 100/0/100/0 bars, 1 080/720-line systems 0% Y 50% Y 100% Y 100%YL 100%CY 100%G 100% MG 100% R 100%B YE mV 0 350 700 649.5 551.2 500.6 199.4 148.8 50.5 8bits
