1、STD-ITU-T RECMN E.77b-ENGL L77b 48b257L ObZbllOL 157 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STAN DARD IZATION SECT0 R OF ITU E.776 (I O96) SERIES E: TELEPHONE NETWORK AND ISDN Quality of service, network management and traffic engineering - Traffic engineering - Mobile network
2、 traffic engineering Network grade of service parameters for UPT ITU-T Recommendation E.776 (Previously CCIT Recommendation) - STD-ITU-T RECMN E-77b-ENGL 1976 m qBb257L Ob2bLIU2 073 m ITU-T E-SE R I ES RECOMMENDATIONS TELEPHONE NETWORK AND ISDN OPERATION, NUMBERING, ROUTING AND MOBILE SERVICES INTER
3、NATIONAL OPERATION E. 100-E229 OPERATIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING IN E.230-E.299 THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICE TELEPHONY APPLICATIONS ISDN PROVISIONS CONCERNING USERS E.330-E.399 QUALITY OF SERVICE, NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND TRAFFIC fNGINEER/NG UTILIZATION OF THE INTERNATI
4、ONAL TELEPHONE NETWORK FOR NON- E.300-E.329 NETWORKMANAGEMENT E.400-E.489 International service statistics E.400-E.409 International network management E.410-E.419 Checking the quality of the international telephone service E.420-E.489 E.490-E. 799 TRAFFIC ENG1 N EERI NG Measurement and recording of
5、 trafic E.490-E.505 Forecasting of trafic E.506-E. 509 Determination of the number of circuits in manual operation E.510-E.519 Determination of the number of circuits in automatic and semi-automatic operation E.520-E.539 Definitions E.600-E.699 Grade of service E. 540-E. 599 ISDN traffic engineering
6、 E. 700-E. 749 Mobile network traffic engineering E.750-E.799 QUALITY OF TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES: CONCEPTS, MODELS, E.800-E.899 OBJECTIVES AND DEPENDABILITY PLANNING Terms and definitions related to the quality of telecommunication services E.800-E.809 Models for telecommunication services E.810-
7、E.844 Objectives for quality of service and related concepts of telecommunication E.845-E.859 services Use of quality of service objectives for planning of telecommunication networks Field data collection and evaluation on the performance of equipment, networks and services E.860-E.879 E.880-E.899 F
8、or Jurfher details, please reler to ITU-T List of Recommendations. STD-ITU-T RECMN E.77b-ENGL L77b m LiBb259L ObZbi03 TZT m ITU-T RECOMMENDATION E.776 NETWORK GRADE OF SERVICE PARAMETERS FOR UPT Summary Based on the reference connection for UPT in Recommendation E.755 and the grade of service concep
9、ts for UPT outlined in Recommendation E.775, this Recommendation proposes a set of traffic grade of service parameters for UPT. Source ITU-T Recommendation E.776 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group2 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 8th of October 1996. FORE
10、WORD ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and
11、issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations
12、on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1 - 12, 1993). In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborativ
13、e basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. O ITU 1997 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
14、or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. II Recommendation E.776 (10196) STDmITU-T RECMN E-77b-ENGL 177b Li8b2571 Ob2bLi05 8T2 CONTENTS Page Scope References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traffic grade
18、 of service parameters for UPT Target values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recommendation E.776 (10/96) i 1 2 2 2 4 4 . 111 STD*ITU-T RECMN E.77b-ENGL L77b 48b2571 Ob2b40b 737 STD-ITU-T RECMN E.77b-ENGL 177b m q8b2571 Ub2b!U7 b75 m Recommendation E.776 NETWORK GRADE OF SERVICE PARAMETERS FOR
20、UPT (Geneva, 1996) 1 Scope Based on the reference connection for UPT in Recommendation E.755 and the grade of service concepts for UPT outlined in Recommendation E.775, this Recommendation proposes a set of traffic grade of service parameters for UPT. 2 References The following Recommendations conta
21、in material that is either relevant to or provides background for this Recommendation: - - ITU-T Recommendation E.600 (1 993), Terms and definitions of trafic engineering. CCITT Recommendation E.72 1 (1 99 i), Network grade of service parameters and target values for circuit-switched services in the
22、 evolving ISDN. CCITT Recommendation E.723 (1 992), Grade of service parameters for Signalling System No. 7networks. - - ITU-T Recommendation E.77 1 (1 996), Network grade of service parameters and target values for circuit-switched land mobile services. ITU-T Recommendation E.755 (I 996), Reference
23、 connection for UPT trafic performance and GOS. - - - ITU-T Recommendation E.775 (1 996), UPT grade of service concept. ITU-T Recommendation F.850 (1 993), Principles of universal personal telecommunication (UPT). ITU-T Recommendation F.85 1 (1 995), Universal Personal Telecommunication (UPr) - serv
24、ice description (service set I). ITU-T Recommendation 1.373 (1 993), Network capabilities to support Universal Personal Telecommunication (UPT). - ITU-T Recommendation I. 114 (1993), Vocabulary of terms for universal personal - - telecommunication. CCITT Recommendation Q. 1201 (1 992), Principles of
25、 intelligent network architecture. - 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Recommendation, definitions provided in Recommendations E.600, E.72 1, 1.1 14 and F.851 will be applicable. Additional definitions related to access security performance are provided below: 3.1 The authentication delay is de
26、fined as the time interval from the instant the UPT user completes the authentication request (e.g. imputing the PJNpassword) until the UPT user receives the decision (acceptance or rejection) from the network. Recommendation E.776 (10/96) 1 STD=ITU-T RECMN E-77b-ENGL 199b m qBb259L Ob2b4B 501 W 3.2
27、 to the authentication attempt of a legitimate UPT user. 3.3 acceptance to the authentication attempt by an unauthorized user. The false rejection rate is the probability that the network will return a decision of rejection The impostor acceptance rate is the probability that the network will return
28、 a decision of 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following abbreviations are used. GOS Grade of Service IN Intelligent Network ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network PLMN Public Land Mobile Network PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PIN Personal Identification Number
29、 UPT Universal Personal Telecommunication 5 Introduction A natural starting point from where a suitable set of traffic performance parameters for UPT should evolve is the existing performance standards for ISDN, SS No. 7, IN and Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMNs). The traffic performance parameters
30、 for these networks are specified in Recommendations E.721, E.723, E.724 and E.771, respectively. These can be modified and extended to include some of the specific servicehetwork requirements for UPT discussed in Recommendation E.775. 6 The above approach together with a proposed initial set of tra
31、ffic performance parameters for UPT is outlined in Figure 1. Traffic grade of senke parameters for UPT 2 Recommendation E.776 (10/96) Rec. E.723 (SS No. 7) . IAM delay ANM delay Rec. E.721 (ISDN) . pre-selection delay post-selection delay . answer signal delay call release delay . end-to-end blockin
32、g . _ - . . . . . . _ - Y - . ._. J UPT traffic performance .-. _.- c: - i. ! i :. . ,. : pre-selection delay j . post-selection delay : . answer signal delay : . call release delay : . authentication delay : . end-teend blocking : . connection cutoff rate I . imposter acceptance rate : . false reje
33、ction rate / I j Rec. E.771 (PLMN) I . post-selection delay ; . answer signal delay i . call release delay i . end-to-end blocking ; . connection cutoff due I to handover failure 4 ; !,- . _ b. use of speaker verification techniques. Each option will have different characteristics with respect to th
34、e access security parameters. Recommendation E.776 (10/96) 3 In general, there will be a trade-off between false rejection (level of user annoyance) and impostor acceptance (breach of security), and also between the level of security (low impostor acceptance) and authentication delay. If a UPT devic
35、e (smart card) is used for authenticatiodverification, authentication delay will depend on the length of the authentication codes, the nature of the authentication process deployed (challenge-response), and the signalling and database access delays. In case of authentication based on “speaker verifi
36、cation“ methods, this delay will depend on such factors as: length of the verification phrase, number of repeat attempts permitted, and whether voice prompts are permitted. In most access/entry control systems, false rejection rates of 2-3%, and impostor acceptance rates of O. 1-0.5% are generally c
37、onsidered suitable. In telecommunication network applications, the user environment is less controlled and the populations are large and (geographically) distributed. The latter results in prohibitive costs of handling false rejections. Furthermore, frequent false rejections and inadequate provision
38、 of fallback mechanisms can alienate the users thereby reducing user satisfaction and acceptance of the service. Lower false rejection rates (1 -2%) are therefore recommended in these applications. Imposter acceptance rates in the range of 1% may be tolerable (weak authentication) as they compare fa
39、vourably with conventional means of identity verification over the telephone (e.g. PIN/password over a telephone keypad). Further study is required to set definitive targets for the access security-related performance parameters for UPT. 7 Target values For further study. 8 History This is the first
40、 issue of Recommendation E.776 4 Recommendation E.776 (10/96) STD-ITU-T RECMN E-77b-ENGL L99b LiBb259L Ub2b4LL OTb ;cries A ;eries B Series C jeries D Series E Series F Series G Series H Series I Series J Series K Series L Series M Series N Series O Series P Series Q Series R Series S Series T Serie
41、s U Series V Series X Series 2 ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES Organization of the work of the ITU-T Means of expression General telecommunication statistics General tariff principles Telephone network and ISDN Non-telephone telecommunication services Transmission systems and media Transmission of non-
42、telephone signals Integrated services digital network Transmission of sound-programme and television signals Protection against interference Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements oi outside plant Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, te
43、legraphy, facsimile and leased circuits Maintenance: international sound-programme and television transmission circuits Specifications of measuring equipment Telephone transmission quality Switching and signalling Telegraph transmission Telegraph services terminal equipment Terminal equipment and protocols for telematic services Telegraph switching Data communication over the telephone network Data networks and open system communication Programming languages Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 1997
