1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T K.106 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (03/2015) SERIES K: PROTECTION AGAINST INTERFERENCE Techniques to mitigate interference between radio devices and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband network
2、s and cable television networks Recommendation ITU-T K.106 Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) i Recommendation ITU-T K.106 Techniques to mitigate interference between radio devices and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks Summary Recommendation ITU-T K.106 d
3、escribes techniques used to mitigate the effects of interference between radio devices used in the home and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks. With the advancement of household appliances, many widely used devices are now connected to home network
4、s. This Recommendation introduces the relevant electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements applicable to wired home network devices, and feasible solutions to resolve EMC problems caused by the use of radio devices in proximity to other wired network equipment. History Edition Recommendation Ap
5、proval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T K.106 2015-03-01 5 11.1002/1000/12426 Keywords Cables, home network, interference, wireless. _ * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example,
6、http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization
7、 Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets
8、every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts pur
9、view, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is vol
10、untary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and
11、the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involv
12、e the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recomm
13、endation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at
14、http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Terms defined elsewh
15、ere 2 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 3 6 Issues to be considered in this Recommendation . 3 6.1 Background and problems 3 7 Relevant requirements 4 7.1 Relevant EMC standards for devices . 4 7.2 Regional regulations . 4 8 Guidance to identif
16、y and address interference 4 8.1 Procedure to identify interference sources . 4 8.2 Mitigation techniques applied to equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks . 7 9 Procedure for selecting appropriate mitigation techniques 8 9.1 Checking information obtained from
17、the measurement or interference phenomena 8 9.2 Checking radio devices in normal operation and installation 8 9.3 Adding appropriate mitigation measures 8 Appendix I Examples of interference cases in the field 10 I.1 Example 1: Interference between a mobile phone and a set top box . 10 I.2 Example 2
18、: Emission from connection at coaxial outlet and plug . 10 I.3 Example 3: Emission from indoor cabling of CS/BS down-converted signal . 11 Appendix II Examples of regional regulations for cable television networks 13 II.1 Overview 13 II.2 Examples of regional regulations . 13 Appendix III Examples o
19、f measured emissions from coaxial cables and connectors 18 III.1 Introduction 18 III.2 Measurement set-up 18 III.3 Measurement result 18 Appendix IV Information of radio communication systems related to safety issues . 22 IV.1 Radio communication related to aeronautical systems 22 Bibliography. 23 i
20、v Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) Introduction Along with advances in radio communication technologies, possible interference between home-use radio devices and telecommunication devices, such as cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks are new phenomena. Int
21、erference to cabling or devices falls under the responsibility of ITU-T, whereas the interference between two (or more) radio devices falls under the responsibility of ITU-R. Such problems may occur in the field, especially in a home environment. This Recommendation provides guidance on how to solve
22、 problems arising from these kinds of phenomena by taking measures to reduce the interference and to ensure normal operating conditions of wired telecommunication equipment. Guidance on mitigation measures against radio devices is not provided in this Recommendation. Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) 1 Rec
23、ommendation ITU-T K.106 Techniques to mitigate interference between radio devices and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks 1 Scope This Recommendation provides guidance to solve interference problems in home networking environments between radio devi
24、ces and the cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and/or cable television networks. It also presents appropriate measures to be applied to the cable and the equipment connected to wired broadband networks and/or cable television networks for solving the interference and procedures
25、 to address these troubles in the field. The scope of this Recommendation focuses on procedures to identify the cause of interference problems in the home, and mitigation measures for the equipment or cabling needed to solve these problems. Mitigation techniques for the radio devices and interferenc
26、e problems between multiple radio devices are outside the scope of this Recommendation. Necessary electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements for the equipment are given by relevant international standards, such as: ITU-T K.74, ITU-T K.93, ITU-T K.37, ITU-T K.43, ITU-T K.48 and IEC CISPR 22. Mo
27、reover, interference related to power line communication (PLC) is outside the scope of this Recommendation, which is already covered by ITU-T K.60. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
28、 this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and o
29、ther references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T J.142 Recommendation ITU-T J.142 (2000), Methods for the
30、 measurement of parameters in the transmission of digital cable television signals. ITU-T K.34 Recommendation ITU-T K.34 (2003), Classification of electromagnetic environmental conditions for telecommunication equipment Basic EMC Recommendation. ITU-T K.37 Recommendation ITU-T K.37 (1999), Low and h
31、igh frequency EMC mitigation techniques for telecommunication installations and systems Basic EMC Recommendation. ITU-T K.43 Recommendation ITU-T K.43 (2009), Immunity requirements for telecommunication network equipment. ITU-T K.48 Recommendation ITU-T K.48 (2006), EMC requirements for telecommunic
32、ation equipment Product family Recommendation. ITU-T K.60 Recommendation ITU-T K.60 (2008), Emission levels and test methods for wireline telecommunication networks to minimize electromagnetic disturbance of radio services. ITU-T K.74 Recommendation ITU-T K.74 (2008), EMC, resistibility and safety r
33、equirements for home network devices. 2 Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) ITU-T K.92 Recommendation ITU-T K.92 (2012), Conducted and radiated electromagnetic environment in home networking. ITU-T K.93 Recommendation ITU-T K.93 (2012), Immunity of home network devices to electromagnetic disturbances. ITU-T
34、MTIM ITU-T Handbook (2008), Mitigation measures for telecommunication installation Part 1. ITU-T, Geneva. IEC 61000-2-5 IEC TR 61000-2-5 (2011), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 2-5: Environment Description and classification of electromagnetic environments. IEC 60728-2 IEC 60728-2 (2010), C
35、able networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment. IEC 60728-12 IEC 60728-12 (2001), Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals Part 12: Electromagnetic compatibility of systems. IEC CISPR 22 IEC CISPR 2
36、2 (2008), Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement. IEC CISPR 24 IEC CISPR 24 (2010), Information technology equipment Immunity characteristics Limits and methods of measurement. IEC CISPR 32 IEC CISPR 32 (2015), Electromagnetic compatibili
37、ty of multimedia equipment Emission requirements. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 cable television ITU-T J.142: Communication systems that distribute broadcast and non-broadcast signals, as well as a multiplicity of sate
38、llite signals originating programming and other signals by means of coaxial cable and/or optical fibre. 3.1.2 home network device ITU-T K.74: A home network device is an electronic/electric equipment whose primary function is the distribution of data within the home, between the network termination
39、point and one or more terminal devices. 3.1.3 shielding effectiveness ITU-T K.43: For a given external source, the ratio of electric or magnetic field strength at a point before and after the placement of the shield in question. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines th
40、e following term: 3.2.1 radio device: A device, whose primary function is the transmission or reception of data by using radio waves in order to communicate with other devices; it does not require any physical wires for transmitting data to, or receiving data from, other devices. 4 Abbreviations and
41、 acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: AC Alternating Current ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line BS Broadcasting satellite CMC Common-Mode Choke Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) 3 CS Communication satellite DC Direct Current DSL Digital Subscriber Line DVB Digita
42、l Video Broadcasting EM Electromagnetic EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility EMI Electromagnetic Interference HD High Definition IF Intermediate Frequency IMT International Mobile Telecommunication NGN Next Generation Network PC Personal Computer PE Protective Earth PLC Power Line Communication PSTN Pu
43、blic Switched Telephone Network RF Radio Frequency RFI Radio Frequency Interface STB Set Top Box VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol 5 Conventions None. 6 Issues to be considered in this Recommendation 6.1 Background and problems With the widespread use of home networks, radio devices, including both
44、new and conventional systems, could be used in close proximity to network cable or devices in the home. Thus, there is a possibility that new EMC problems may occur in the field. One concern is possible interference between radio devices, such as international mobile telecommunication (IMT) user equ
45、ipment and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks. This may occur due to the lack of appropriate installation, such as faulty connections, damaged cables, overly close proximity of devices, etc. Therefore, part of this issue falls under EMC problems an
46、d requires necessary mitigation techniques. Key issues are to provide methodologies for preventing possible interference between devices and for providing appropriate measures to be applied to the equipment or cable connected to wired broadband and cable television networks. For example, if the conn
47、ection between a coaxial cable and its connecter does not have sufficient electrical contact, then it may cause interference to wired broadcasting systems, radio devices or vice versa. Examples of these phenomena in the field are given in Appendices I and III. Therefore, an urgent issue is to take i
48、nto consideration problems caused by wired broadband networks and cable television network installations. 4 Rec. ITU-T K.106 (03/2015) The area covered in this Recommendation is given in Figure 6-1. Interference into radio devices falls under the responsibility in ITU-R. Figure 6-1 Area covered in t
49、his Recommendation 7 Relevant requirements 7.1 Relevant EMC standards for devices Devices considered in this Recommendation should comply with relevant international standards, such as: ITU-T K.74, IEC CISPR 22, IEC CISPR 24, IEC CISPR 32, IEC 60728-2 and IEC 60728-12. If devices do not comply with these standards, the devices shall be tested and checked for their EMC performances. 7.2 Regional regulations In some regions or countries, ther
