1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Y.3510TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (05/2013) SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS Cloud Computing Cloud computing infrastructure requirements Recommendation ITU-T Y.3510 ITU
2、-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE General Y.100Y.199 Services, applications and middleware Y.200Y.299 Network aspects Y.300Y.399 Interfaces and protocols Y.400Y.499 Numbering, addres
3、sing and naming Y.500Y.599 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.600Y.699 Security Y.700Y.799 Performances Y.800Y.899 INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS General Y.1000Y.1099 Services and applications Y.1100Y.1199 Architecture, access, network capabilities and resource management Y.1200Y.1299 Transport
4、Y.1300Y.1399 Interworking Y.1400Y.1499 Quality of service and network performance Y.1500Y.1599 Signalling Y.1600Y.1699 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1700Y.1799 Charging Y.1800Y.1899 IPTV over NGN Y.1900Y.1999 NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS Frameworks and functional architecture models Y.2000
5、Y.2099 Quality of Service and performance Y.2100Y.2199 Service aspects: Service capabilities and service architecture Y.2200Y.2249 Service aspects: Interoperability of services and networks in NGN Y.2250Y.2299 Numbering, naming and addressing Y.2300Y.2399 Network management Y.2400Y.2499 Network cont
6、rol architectures and protocols Y.2500Y.2599 Packet-based Networks Y.2600Y.2699 Security Y.2700Y.2799 Generalized mobility Y.2800Y.2899 Carrier grade open environment Y.2900Y.2999 FUTURE NETWORKS Y.3000Y.3499 CLOUD COMPUTING Y.3500Y.3999For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommen
7、dations. Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) i Recommendation ITU-T Y.3510 Cloud computing infrastructure requirements Summary Recommendation ITU-T Y.3510 provides requirements for cloud computing infrastructure; these include the essential capabilities for computing, storage and network resources, as well
8、as the capabilities of resource abstraction and control. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group 1.0 ITU-T Y.3510 2013-05-22 13 Keywords Capability, cloud computing, compute, control, infrastructure, network, resource abstraction, storage. ii Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) FOREWORD The Inte
9、rnational Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, o
10、perating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn
11、, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE
12、In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.
13、g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not s
14、uggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the e
15、vidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, whic
16、h may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
17、y be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventi
18、ons 3 6 Overview of cloud infrastructure 3 7 Requirements for compute resources 3 7.1 Physical machine requirements 4 7.2 Virtual machine requirements 4 7.3 Software resources provisioning requirements 5 7.4 Time-sensitive services requirements . 6 8 Requirements for network resources 6 8.1 General
19、requirements for network resources 8 8.2 Access and core transport network . 8 8.3 Intra-datacentre network . 8 8.4 Inter-datacentre network . 9 9 Requirements for storage resources 9 9.1 Storage space 9 9.2 Storage interface . 9 9.3 Storage management 9 9.4 Storage availability . 10 9.5 Data de-dup
20、lication 10 10 Requirements for resource abstraction and control 10 11 Support of emergency telecommunications . 11 12 Security considerations . 11 Appendix I Overview and reference model for storage in a cloud environment 12 I.1 Reference model for cloud storage . 12 Appendix II Considerations on r
21、esource monitoring 15 II.1 Health monitoring . 15 II.2 Performance monitoring . 15 II.3 Capacity monitoring . 15 II.4 Security and compliance monitoring 16 II.5 Monitoring and metering for charging and billing . 16 II.6 Monitoring in support of cloud services . 16 iv Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) Page
22、 Appendix III Power management in cloud infrastructure . 18 Appendix IV Considerations on supporting of ETS . 19 Bibliography. 20 Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) 1 Recommendation ITU-T Y.3510 Cloud computing infrastructure requirements 1 Scope This Recommendation identifies requirements for cloud infras
23、tructure capabilities to support cloud services. The scope of this Recommendation includes: overview of cloud infrastructure requirements for compute resources requirements for network resources requirements for storage resources requirements for resource abstraction and control. 2 References The fo
24、llowing ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Re
25、commendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does n
26、ot give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T Y.3501 Recommendation ITU-T Y.3501 (2013), Cloud computing framework and high-level requirements. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 cloud service
27、 customer ITU-T Y.3501: A person or organization that consumes delivered cloud services within a contract with a cloud service provider. 3.1.2 cloud service provider ITU-T Y.3501: An organization that provides and maintains delivered cloud services. 3.1.3 emergency telecommunications (ET) b-ITU-T Y.
28、2205: ET means any emergency related service that requires special handling from the NGN relative to other services. This includes government authorized emergency services and public safety services. 3.1.4 emergency telecommunications service (ETS) b-ITU-T E.107: A nationwide service providing prior
29、ity telecommunications to ETS authorized users in times of disaster and emergencies. 3.1.5 management system b-ITU-T M.60: A system with the capability and authority to exercise control over and/or collect management information from another system. 3.1.6 virtual resource b-ITU-T Y.3011: An abstract
30、ion of physical or logical resource, which may have different characteristics from the physical or logical resource and whose capability may not be bound to the capability of the physical or logical resource. 2 Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) NOTE “different characteristics“ means simplification or exte
31、nsion of the resource characteristics. “different characteristics“ allows the virtual resource to expose access or control methods different from the original physical or logical resource. 3.1.7 logical resource b-ITU-T Y.3011: An independently manageable partition of a physical resource, which inhe
32、rits the same characteristics as the physical resource and whose capability is bound to the capability of the physical resource. NOTE “independently“ means mutual exclusiveness among multiple partitions at the same level. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the follo
33、wing terms: 3.2.1 hypervisor: A type of system software that allows multiple operating systems to share a single hardware host. NOTE Each operating system appears to have the hosts processor, memory and other resources, all to itself. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the followi
34、ng abbreviations and acronyms: CPU Central Processing Unit CSC Cloud Service Customer CSP Cloud Service Provider DFS Distributed File System DHT Distributed Hash Table DNS Domain Name System ET Emergency Telecommunications ETS Emergency Telecommunications Service I/O Input/Output iSCSI Internet Smal
35、l Computer System Interface LAN Local Area Network NAS Network Attached Storage NFS Network File System NTP Network Time Protocol OS Operating System QoS Quality of Service SAN Storage Area Network SLA Service Level Agreement vCPU virtual CPU VI Virtual Infrastructure VM Virtual Machine VPN Virtual
36、Private Network Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) 3 5 Conventions In this Recommendation: The keywords “is required“ indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. The keywords “is prohibited“ indicate a req
37、uirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. The keywords “is recommended“ indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim confo
38、rmance. The keywords “can optionally“ indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendors implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/s
39、ervice provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. 6 Overview of cloud infrastructure In this Recommendation, cloud infrastructure includes compute, storage, network and other hardware resources, as well as software ass
40、ets. Abstraction and control of physical resources are essential means to achieve on-demand and elastic characteristics of cloud infrastructure. This way, physical resources can be abstracted into virtual machines (VMs), virtual storage and virtual networks. The abstracted resources are controlled t
41、o meet cloud service customers (CSC) needs. The main characteristics of cloud infrastructure are: Network-centric: cloud infrastructure consists of distributed resources including compute, storage and other hardware resources that are connected through the networks. On-demand resource provisioning:
42、cloud infrastructure dynamically provides resources according to CSCs needs. Elasticity: cloud infrastructure is capable of expanding or reducing its resources to accommodate heavier or lighter workloads. High availability: cloud infrastructure is capable of providing required resources under the co
43、nditions stated in the service level agreement (SLA). Resources abstraction: the underlying resources of cloud infrastructure (compute, storage, network, etc.) are invisible to the CSCs. NOTE For high-level cloud computing requirements, please refer to ITU-T Y.3501. 7 Requirements for compute resour
44、ces Compute resources are used to provide essential capabilities for cloud services and to support other system capabilities such as resource abstraction and control, management, security and monitoring. The basic unit of allocation and scheduling of compute resources is a computing machine. A compu
45、ting machine can be physical or virtual. The capability of a computing machine is typically expressed in terms of hardware configuration, availability, scalability, manageability and energy consumption. 4 Rec. ITU-T Y.3510 (05/2013) 7.1 Physical machine requirements The physical machine requirements
46、 include: It is recommended to support hardware resource virtualization. It is recommended to support horizontal scalability (e.g., adding more computing machines) and vertical scalability (e.g., adding more resources with a computing machine). It is recommended to use power optimization solutions t
47、o reduce energy consumption. 7.2 Virtual machine requirements The virtual machine provides a virtualized and isolated computing environment for each guest operating system (OS). The virtual machine requirements include: It is required to support migration of virtual machines between different physic
48、al computing machines. 7.2.1 CPU virtualization The central processing unit (CPU) virtualization allows running multiple virtual CPUs (vCPU) on a single physical CPU. The CPU virtualization requirements include: The virtual machines vCPUs computing capability can optionally be specified as a fractio
49、n of a physical CPU. 7.2.2 Memory virtualization The memory virtualization includes memory allocation at the startup of a virtual machine and memory release at the shutdown of a virtual machine. The memory virtualization requirements include: It is recommended that while a virtual machine is active, the hypervisor monitors memory usage and reallocates unused memory to other virtual machines dynamically. 7.2.3 Input/Output device virtualization The Input/Output (I/O) vir
