1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS I ISO 14044 KS I ISO 14044:2011 2011 7 18 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 14044:2011 : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : (ISO/TC207/SC5,6) ( ) ( ) ISM : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2007 6 29 ：2011 7 18 2011-021530 ： ： (ISO/TC207/SC5,6) ( 02-509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr
2、). 10 5 , . KS I ISO 14044:2011 i ii iii 1 1 2 1 3 .1 4 LCA .7 4.1 7 4.2 .7 4.3 (LCI).11 4.4 (LCIA) 16 4.5 23 5 27 5.1 .27 5.2 28 5.3 .30 6 30 6.1 .30 6.2 .31 6.3 31 A( ) 32 A.1 .32 A.2 32 A.3 32 A.4 33 A.5 .34 B( ) .35 B.1 .35 B.2 .35 B.3 40 44 KS I ISO 14044:2011 ii ISO( ) (ISO ) . ISO . . ISO . I
3、SO (IEC) . ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 . . . 75 % . . ISO . KS I ISO 14044 ISO/TC 207 ISO 14044 . ISO 14044 1 ISO 14040:2006 ISO 14040:1997 ISO 14041:1998, ISO 14042:2000, ISO 14043:2000 , ISO 14040:1997 ISO 14041:1998, ISO 14042:2000 ISO 14043:2000 . KS I ISO 14044:2011 iii 2006 1 ISO 14044, Environ
4、mental management Life cycle assessment Requirement and guidelines , . 1) . (LCA) . . . , ( , , ). ( , .) LCA KS I ISO 14044 LCA . LCA , , , ( ) 2)( ) . LCA 4 . a) b) c) d) LCA . LCA LCA . (LCI) LCA . LCI . LCI . (LCIA) LCA . LCIA . LCA . , . 1) . 2) . KS I ISO 14044:2011 iv LCA . LCI . LCA LCI . LC
5、I LCA LCIA . LCI LCA LCI . , LCA LCI . LCA LCI . . LCA ( , , ) . LCA , . . KS I ISO 14044:2011 Environmental management Life cycle assessment Requirement and guidelines 1 LCA . a) LCA b) c) d) e) LCA f) LCA g) LCA h) LCA LCI . LCA , LCA . LCA LCI , . . 2 . . ( ) . KS I ISO 14040, 3 . KS I ISO 14040
6、. KS I ISO 14044:2011 2 3.1 (life cycle) 3.2 (life cycle assessment) LCA , 3.3 (life cycle inventory analysis) LCI LCA 3.4 (life cycle impact assessment) LCIA LCA 3.5 (life cycle interpretation) LCA 3.6 (comparative assertion) 3.7 (transparency) 3.8 (environmental aspect) , KS I ISO 14001, 3.6 3.9 (
7、product) 1 . (： ) (： , ) (： ) (： ) 2 . . KS I ISO 14044:2011 3 (： ) (： ) (： ) (： ) , . . . 3 KS Q ISO 14021 KS Q ISO 9000 3.10 (co-product) 3.11 (process) KS Q ISO 9000, 3.4.1 3.12 (elementary flow) , 3.13 (energy flow) . 3.14 (feedstock energy) . . 3.15 (raw material) 1 2 2 . 3.16 (ancillary input)
8、 , KS I ISO 14044:2011 4 3.17 (allocation) 3.18 (cut-off criteria) . 3.19 (data quality) 3.20 (functional unit) (reference unit) 3.21 (input) , , . 3.22 (intermediate flow) , 3.23 (intermediate product) 3.24 (LCI result： Life Cycle Inventory analysis result) LCIA 3.25 (output) , , , . 3.26 (process
9、energy) , 3.27 (product flow) KS I ISO 14044:2011 5 3.28 (product system) , , . 3.29 (reference flow) (measure) 3.30 (releases) , 3.31 (sensitivity analysis) 3.32 (system boundary) “ ” . 3.33 (uncertainty analysis) . 3.34 (unit process) 3.35 (waste) “ (1989. 3. 22)” , . 3.36 (category endpoint) , ,
10、3.37 (characterization factor) KS I ISO 14044:2011 6 (common unit) . 3.38 (environmental mechanism) , , , 3.39 (impact category) 3.40 (impact category indicator) “” . 3.41 (completeness check) LCA 3.42 (consistency check) , , 3.43 (sensitivity check) 3.44 (evaluation) LCA , , . 3.45 (critical review
11、) 1 4.1 . 2 . 3.46 (interested party) LCA KS I ISO 14044:2011 7 4 LCA 4.1 LCA KS I ISO 14040 . LCA , , . LCI , . . LCI . LCA . 4.2 4.2.1 LCA , . LCA , . 4.2.2 LCA . ( , ) 4.2.3 4.2.3.1 LCA . ( ) LCIA KS I ISO 14044:2011 8 , , . . 4.2.3.2 4.2.3.8 . 4.2.3.2 LCA ( ) . . (normalized) ( ) . . . . , . , .
12、 , . 4.2.3.3 4.2.3.3.1 LCA . . . . , . , , . , LCA . 4.2.3.3.2 . . KS I ISO 14044:2011 9 . . , ( ) . . , (4.3.3.4 ). , . . . . LCA . , . 4.2.3.3.3 . . LCA , , . . . a) , b) c) . ( ) . , , . ( , ) . . . . 4.2.3.4 LCIA KS I ISO 14044:2011 10 LCA , , . , , , 4.4.2.2 . 4.2.3.5 LCA . . , , . ( , , , ) . , , , . , . , . .
