1、2010 年四川大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 Tom is the most _ pupil in the class.（A）industrious（B） indulgent（C） industrialist（D）industrial2 The mayor of the city is a _ old man.（A）respective（B） respectful（C） respecting（D）respectable3 I believe reserves of coal here _ to last for fifty years.（A）efficient
2、（B） sufficient（C） proficient（D）effective4 Mr. Smith complained about the _ air-conditioner he had bought from the company.（A）infectious（B） deficient（C） ineffective（D）defective5 All the students were excited at the _ of a weekend sports competition.（A）opinion（B） view（C） thought（D）idea6 The travelers
3、passport established his _.（A）proof（B） evidence（C） identity（D）case7 When we credit the successful people with intelligence, physical strength or great luck, we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall _ in all three.（A）rare（B） short（C） lacking（D）scarce8 My sister is quite _ and plans to get
4、an M.A.degree within one year.（A）aggressive（B） enthusiastic（C） considerate（D）ambitious9 The twins are so much _ that it is difficult to tell one from the other.（A）similar（B） same（C） like（D）alike10 His eyes were injured in a traffic accident, but after a _ operation, he quickly recovered his sight.（A
5、）considerate（B） delicate（C） precise（D）sensitive11 The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on _ best in its climate and soil.（A）it grown（B） does it grown（C） what grows（D）what does it grow12 The fragrances of many natural substances come from oils, _ these oils may be used in manufacturing
6、 perfumes.（A）of（B） whether（C） from（D）and13 If only our team _ one more point!（A）scores（B） had scored（C） scored（D）have scored14 _, he could not lift the weight.（A）Strong while he was（B） However strong as he was（C） Strong as he was（D）Strong although he was15 Tom is one of the top students who _ by the
7、 headmaster.（A）have been praised（B） has been praised（C） have praised（D）are praised16 You could do it, if you _ try hard enough.（A）might（B） should（C） could（D）would17 The chairman requested that _.（A）the members studies the problem more carefully（B） the problem would be more carefully studied（C） the m
8、embers had studied the problem with more care（D）the problem be studied with more care18 George would certainly have attended the proceedings（A）if he didnt get a flat tire（B） if the flat tire hadnt happened（C） had he not had a flat tire（D）had the tire not flattened itself19 I would appreciate _ it a
9、secret.（A）you to keep（B） that you would keep（C） your keeping（D）that you are keeping20 We _ the letter yesterday, but it didnt arrive.（A）must receive（B） must have received（C） ought to receive（D）ought to have received二、Reading Comprehension20 This year some twenty-three hundred teenagers from all over
10、 the world will spend about ten months in U. S. homes. They will attend U. S. schools, meet U. S. teenagers, and form lifelong impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go abroad to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of world prob
11、lems. On returning home they, like others who have participated in the exchange program, will pass along their fresh impression to the youth groups in which they are active.What have the visiting students discovered? A German boy says, “We often think of America only in terms of skyscrapers. Cadilla
12、cs, and gangsters. Americans think of Germany only in terms of Hitler and concentration camps. You cant realize how wrong you are until you see for yourself.“A Los Angeles girl says, “Its the leaders of the countries who are unable to get along. The people get along just fine. “Observe a two-way stu
13、dent exchange in action. Fred Herschbach, nineteen, spent last year in Germany at the home of George Pfafflin. In turn, Mr. Pfafflins son Michael spent a year in the Herschbach home in Texas.Fred, lanky and lively, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months study the language began to
14、come to him. School was totally different from what he had expectedmuch more formal, much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.Family life, too
15、, was different. The fathers word was law, and all activities revolved around the closely knit family unit rather than the individual. Fred found the foodmostly starchesmonotonous at first. Also, he missed having a car.“At home, you pick up some kids in a car and go out and haven good time. In Germa
16、ny, you walk, but you soon get used to it.“A warm-natured boy, Fred began to make friends as soon as he had mastered enough German to communicate. “I didnt feel as if I were with foreigners. I felt as I did at home with my own people.“ Eventually he was invited to stay at the homes of friends in man
17、y of Germanys major cities. “Ones viewpoint is broadened,“ he says, “by living with people who have different habits and backgrounds. You come to appreciate their points of view and realize that it is possible for all people in the world to come closer together. I wouldnt trade this year for anythin
18、g.“Meanwhile, in Texas, Mike Pfafflin, a friendly German boy, was also forming independent opinions. “I suppose I should criticize the schools,“ he says. “It was far too easy by our standards. But I have to admit that I liked it enormously. In Germany we do nothing but study. I think that maybe your
19、 schools are better training for citizenship. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.“ He took part in many outside activities, including the dramatic group.Mike picked up a favorite adjective of American youth; southern fried chicken was “fabulous,“ When expressing a regional point of
20、 view, he used the phrase “we Texans.“ Summing up his year, he says with feeling, “America is a second home for me from now on. I will love it the rest of my life.“This exciting exchange program was government sponsored at first; now it is in the hands of private agencies, including the American Fie
21、ld Service and the International Christian Youth Exchange. Screening committees make a careful check on exchange students and host homes. To qualify, students must be intelligent, adaptable, outgoing, potential leaders. Each student is matched, as closely as possible, with a young person in another
22、country whose family has the same economic, cultural, and religious background.After their years abroad, all students gather to discuss who, they observed. For visiting students to accept and approve of all they saw would be a defeat for the exchange program. They are supposed to observe, evaluate,
23、and come to fair conclusions. Nearly all who visited the United States agreed that they had gained faith in American ideals and deep respect for the U. S brand of democracy. All had made friendship that they were sure would last a life-time. Almost all were struck by the freedom demitted American yo
24、uth. Many were critical, though, of the indifference to study in American schools, and of Americans lack of knowledge about other countries.The opinions of Americans abroad were just as vigorous. A U. S. girl in Vienna: “At home, all we talk about is dating, movies, and clothes. Here we talk about r
25、eligion, philosophy, and political problems. I am going to miss that.“A U. S boy in Sweden: “I learned to sit at home, read a good book, and gain some knowledge. If I told them this back home, they would think I was a square.“An American girl in Stuttgart, however, was very critical of the German sc
26、hool. “Over here the teacher is king, and you are somewhere far below. Instead of being friend and counselor, as in America the teacher is regarded as a foe and behaves like it too!“It costs a sponsoring group about a thousand dollars to give an exchange student a year in the United States. Transpor
27、tation is the major expense, for bed, board, and pocket money are provided by volunteer families. There is also a small amount of federal support for the program.For some time now, attempts have been made to include students from iron curtain countries. But so far the Communists have not allowed the
28、ir young people to take part in this program which could open their eyes to a different world.In Europe, however, about ten students apply for every place available. In Japan, the ratio is fifty to one. The student exchange program is helping these eager younger citizens of tomorrow learn a lot abou
29、t the world today.21 Exchange students are generally placed in homes that are _.（A）very similar to their own homes（B） typical of homes in the land they are visiting（C） as different from their own home as is possible（D）None of the above22 The greatest value of the program is that each visiting studen
30、t _.（A）has a chance to travel in foreign countries（B） shares what he learned with others（C） learns a new language（D）gains a new understanding of world problems23 Fred Herschbach and Mike Pfafflin agreed that _.（A）Americans are friendlier than Germans（B） German food is more monotonous than American f
31、oods（C） German schools are harder than American schools（D）The teacher in German is king24 The major expense that a group sponsoring an exchange student must meet is _.（A）bed and board（B） pocket money and incidentals（C） transportation（D）transportation, bed board and pocket money25 It is reasonable to
32、 suppose that the author wishes that _.（A）American schools provided fewer outside activities（B） more money were available to finance the exchange program（C） the program were government sponsored（D）visiting foreign students will completely accept the culture of America25 “How many copies do you want
33、printed, Mr. Greeley?“Five thousand!“ The answer was snapped back without hesitation.“But, sir,“ the press foreman protested, “we have subscriptions for only five hundred newspapers.“Well sell them or give them away.“The presses started rolling, sending a thundering noise out over the sleeping stree
34、ts of New York City. The New York Tribune was born.The newspapers founder, owner, and editor, Horace Greeley, anxiously snatched the first copy as it came sliding off the press. This was his dream of many years that he held in his hand. It was as precious as a child. Its birth was the result of year
35、s of poverty, hard work, and disappointments.Hard luck and misfortune had followed Horace all his life. He was born of poor parents on February 3,1811, on a small farm in New Hampshire. During his early childhood, the Greeley family rarely had enough to eat. They moved from one farm to another becau
36、se they could not pay their debts. Young Horaces only boyhood fun was readingwhen he could snatch a few moments during a long working day.The printed word always fascinated Horace. When he was only ten years old, he applied for a job as an apprentice in a printing shop. But he didnt get the job beca
37、use he was too young.Four years later, Horace walked eleven miles to East Poultney in Vermont to answer an ad. A paper called the Northern Spectator had a job for a boy. The editor asked him why he wanted to boa printer, Horace spoke up boldly: “Because, sir, I want to learn all I can about newspape
38、rs. “The editor looked at the oddly dressed boy. Finally he said, “Youve got the job, son.“For the first six months, room and board would be the only pay for his work. After that, he would get room and board and forty dollars a year.Horace hurried home to shout the good news to his family. When he g
39、ot there, he learned that his family was about to move againthis time to Pennsylvania. Horace decided to stay and work. Mrs. Greeley hated leaving her son behind, but gave her consent. Twice during his apprenticeship Horace walked six hundred miles to visit his family. Each time, he took all the mon
40、ey he had saved and gave it to his father.The Spectator failed after Horace had spent four years working for it. He joined his family in Erie, Pennsylvania, and got a job on the Erie Gazette. Half the money he earned he gave to his family. The other half he saved to go to New York.When he was twenty
41、, Horance arrived in New York with ten dollars in his pocket. He was turned down twice when he asked for a job. Finally he became a typesetter for John T. Wests Printery. The only reason Horace got the job was that it was so difficult other printers wouldnt take it. His job was to set a very small e
42、dition of the Bible. Horace almost mined his eyes at that job.As young Greeleys skill grew, better jobs came his way. He could have bought better clothes and moved out of his dingy room. But he was used to being poor, and his habits did not change. He spent practically nothing on himself Even after
43、his Tribune became a success, he lived as if he hadnt enough money for his next meal.The Tribune grew and thrived. It was unlike any newspaper ever printed before in the United States. Greeley started a new type of journalism. His news stories were truthful and accurate. His editorials were attacked
44、 as well as praised. Many people disagreed with what he wrote, but still they read it. The Tribune became Americas first nationwide newspaper. It was read as eagerly in the Midwest and Far West as it was in the East. Greeleys thundering editorials became the most powerful voice in theland. Greeley a
45、nd his Tribune fought for many causes. He was the first to come out for the right of women to vote. His Tribune was the leader in demanding protection for homesteads in the West. He aroused the north in the fight against slavery. During a depression in the East, jobless men asked what they could do
46、to support themselves. Said Greeley: “Go West, young man, go West!“As the Tribune gained more power, Greeley became more interested in politics He led in forming and naming the Republican party. He, more than any other man, was responsible for Abraham Lincolns being named to run for President.Horace
47、 Greeley was first of all a successful newspaperman. He was also a powerful political leader. But he was not a popular man. In 1872 he ran for President against Ulysses S. Grant. Grant was re-elected by an overwhelming margin.Greeley then in deep mourning over the recent death of his wife. He was he
48、art broken over losing the election. He never recovered from the double blow only weeks after his defeat, he died in New York City. His beloved Tribune lived on after him as the monument he wanted. Just before died, he wrote:“I cherish the hope that the journal I projected and established will live
49、and flourish long after I shall have mouldered into forgotten dust, and that the stone that covers my ashes may bear to future eyes the still intelligible inscription, Founder of the New York Tribune.“26 Horace gladly accepted his first job _.（A）because of the kind of work it was（B） because of the high salary offered（C） because of the location of the office（D）became he couldnt find any other job27 When Horace founded the Tribune he
