1、大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）A 类（研究生）模拟试卷 18（无答案）一、Part Vocabulary and Structure1 A ship with a heavy load of timber is reported to have sunk_the coast of California.（A）off（B） on（C） at（D）in2 John: What plastic products do you have in mind that are easy to recycle? Tom: Shampoo bottles, detergent bottles, medicine
2、bottles, food containers, etc. They are all easily collectable and reusable. John: _, but actually I think you are missing the point of recycling. It doesnt just mean using old bottles again and again for the same purpose. What it means these days is melting the plastics down and building them up ag
3、ain into some completely new product.（A）Not too bad（B） Youre right there（C） Something is wrong（D）Its a new idea 3 What is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a childs character _ is learned through experience.（A）as（B） as what（C） that（D）like what 4 _ she disliked the idea of marriage
4、, she knew that political reasons might make it necessary.（A）Much as（B） As much（C） Much though（D）Though much 5 The ability to zoom _ is particularly useful when you are working on detailed diagrams.（A）out（B） in（C） on（D）up 6 Although they had only been invited for lunch they _ till suppertime.（A）stay
5、ed out（B） stayed on（C） stayed up（D）stayed off 7 Doctor: Morning, Mr. White. Come in. And what can I do for you today? Patient: Well, doctor, _ I often wake up at 3:00 in the morning and I just cant get back to sleep. Doctor: I see and how long has this been going on? Patient: Oh, about a month now.
6、I wonder if you could prescribe something.（A）Im having difficulty sleeping.（B） Im watching TV every night.（C） Im getting too much sleep.（D）Im eating too much. 8 Many old houses are being demolished to _ new buildings and parking lots.（A）give rise to（B） bring forth（C） provide for（D）make room for 9 Ch
7、ris: I think we might get a good pay rise this year. Sam: _Tom: I think it s on the cards.Helen: I think it s a sale bet. The company s made a big profit this year. Kate: Youre right, but its still touch and go whether theyll share it with us.（A）That is OK.（B） That doesnt make sense!（C） That would b
8、e terrible.（D）Thatll be the day!10 Much as_, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash.（A）I would have liked to（B） I would like to have（C） I should have to like（D）I should have liked to二、Part Situational Dialogues11 Julie: What happened? You looked so depressed. M
9、artha: Im just feeling a bit low, thats all. Julie: Did you fail to pass the exam? Martha: _ Well, urn, I failed to get the scholarship to go to graduate school.（A）Probably not.（B） Not exactly.（C） Oh, that is ok.（D）That is not right. 12 Martha: Hello, its Martha. Are you okay? Ive just heard that yo
10、u had a narrow escape when you went diving that day? Carter: _ Martha: What happened? You are a very experienced diver, arent you? Carter: Well, yes. But it was an accident.（A）Who said that to you?（B） Thanks, Im okay.（C） Dont mention it.（D）Id rather not talk about it. 13 George: The government shoul
11、d do something to save our tourism industry. Will: Yes. The number of tourist has fallen over the past five years owing to the financial crisis in 200George: _ Less than four million tourists came last year. Will: Yes, the number has gone down by 25 per cent.（A）I mean it.（B） Who cares?（C） Exactly.（D
12、）I cant agree with you more. 14 Dan: Have you ever participated in a risky sport? Kay: Yes, I like hang gliding. Its fantastic to be able to fly like a bird. Though landing is sometimes difficult, Ive always felt hang gliding is quite safe. Dan: _ Kay: Ive never been seriously injured. Maybe Ive jus
13、t been lucky. Once, my glider turned upside down, and I lost control. I almost crashed, but I parachuted away just in time.（A）What sports are risky?（B） Do you ever get into some difficult situations?（C） Have you ever hurt yourself in an accident?（D）Have you ever been to a sports centre? 15 Peter: _
14、Diane: No, not all memories are correct, but they all tell us something about the person who is doing the remembering. The memory may tell us what the person likes or dislikes, what he or she wishes, and it may also tell us about his or her fears. Peter: _ Diane: Thats a good question. Its easier to
15、 remember things that have emotional meaning to you. Its also easier to remember information that you practice and use a lot. Repetition also reinforces memory; the more you repeat something, the better you remember it.（A）Are there different kinds of memory? ; What makes it easier for people to reme
16、mber certain things?（B） What makes it easier for people to remember certain things? ; Axe all memories accurate?（C） What aspects of brain biology interest you? ; Are all memories accurate?（D）Are all memories accurate? ; What kind of things are easier for people to remember? 三、Part Reading Comperhens
17、ion15 As the worlds urban population gets bigger, cities are struggling to provide the basic services that their residents need. One of the most pressing problems is public transport. Now lets look at the crisis facing the city of London.In no time in history has there been such a mass migration of
18、people from countryside to city as is happening now. By the year 2030, its estimated that more than two thirds of the worlds population will be living in cities, twice as many as today. This means that the problems faced by cities today-overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, poverty, and lack of
19、food and water will be twice as bad in the this century, unless we find solutions soon.Another crucial issue facing cities today is how to provide good transport links to service the commercial, cultural and leisure needs of their inhabitants. Today, many of the worlds major cities are already strug
20、gling to cope with out-of-date transport infrastructures. How they will cope with the additional demands placed on them has not yet been addressed.London is a good example of the problems facing many major urban centres. It was the worlds first megacity and the first with a population of a million p
21、eople. Its expansion was made possible by the invention of the steam engine, which, among other things, powered the worlds first underground railway.Today, London has one of the worlds most extensive transport systems. But, because it was the first city to build a railway network, much of the infras
22、tructure-the trains and buses, the tracks and tunnels-is now hopelessly out-of-date, and needs urgent modernization.Londons future success depends very much on transport. The city lies at the heart of Britains road and rail networks and problems in London can rapidly affect other areas of the countr
23、y. On an average morning, over ground trains bring passengers to stations on the outskirts of the city, and they then continue their journeys by underground, bus or taxi.Over a million people travel into central London every clay from outside the city. They, and the people who live in London, want a
24、 public transport system that is frequent, safe, reliable, affordable and environmentally friendly. What they often get, however, falls far short of that ideal.Commuters complain about delays, unreliability, cost and pollution, while businesses worry about the problems their staff have getting to wo
25、rk on time. Companies also face high costs for delivering goods and services in a city where congestion means that cars today travel at the same speed as horse-drawn carriages did in the last century.Yet car ownership continues to grow. The proportion of London households that own a car grew from ju
26、st over 10 per cent in the early 1950s to over 60 per cent today. 20 per cent of house-holds now own two or more cars.As the city has become increasingly congested and polluted, there has been a growing realization that action is needed. However, precisely what should be clone is hotly debated. Some
27、 people have called for cleaner fuels and strict controls on exhaust emissions. Others say more effort must be put into persuading people not to use their cars, perhaps by charging people to drive into London. There does seem to be agreement on one thing, though-that until Londons public transport s
28、ystem is improved, people will continue to use their cars.This raises the all important questions of where the money is going to come from. Until about 10 years ago, most public transport in Britain was owned and paid for by the government. But in the last decade, most train and bus networks have be
29、en privatized.The government says that the private sector should take most, but not all, of the responsibility for public transport. In London, the underground railway system known as the “Tube“ is likely to be where this policy is first put into practice. The government admits that it cannot afford
30、 to modernize the Tube system alone. Instead, it wants to form a partnership with private companies, so that they provide some of the money.16 What are big cities trying to offer as the worlds population increases? 17 Which city is the first in the world to have a million people? 18 What is playing
31、a crucial role in Londons future success? 19 How many people pay a visit to central London every day? 20 Who used to pay for most public transport? 20 Historically, dictionaries have been thought of as dull and mechanical which is perhaps why many teachers are reluctant to exploit them in their clas
32、ses. But these books have come a long way in recent years. This passage is about how learners dictionaries can be a stimulating source of activities.You know that guilty feeling-your students could really benefit from the excellent learners dictionaries now available, but somehow you cant find the t
33、ime to check on their reference skills. I cant count the number of times teachers have said to me, “In theory, we do dictionary skills lessons every term, but actually it often seems to go by the board. “Perhaps thats partly because dictionary activities used to be rather dull and mechanical. So did
34、 the dictionaries. In the old days, they were impenetrable books, full of complicated definitions and rather artificial, made-up examples, which didnt really help the student find out what the word meant or when and how it should be used. Its no wonder that language learners were less than enthusias
35、tic about dictionary work.But things have come long way since then. Dictionaries themselves have become much more user-friendly and accessible, and, as a result, they are more powerful and valuable as teaching and learning tools.The once difficult definitions have been replaced by easy-to-understand
36、 word explanations, which are written in limited defining vocabularies. Headwords are often accompanied by useful information, such as details about frequency and the examples of words usage are typically authentic and illustrative.A similar revolution has taken place with dictionary activities. In
37、the past, workbooks and worksheets concentrated on the mechanics of dictionary use, rather than focusing on the user. The emphasis was on explaining conventions, and on working through the various parts of an entry. Today, the new generation of dictionary workbooks show how dictionaries can be used
38、to help students improve their reading comprehension, and, in some cases, their writing as well.Lets look at receptive uses of a dictionary first. This is how dictionaries are normally used-to look up the meaning of a word that is either not known at all or not fully understood.One way of making dic
39、tionary activities more realistic and stimulating has been achieved by embedding dictionary, activities in text-based work, thereby replicating the way a student would normally use a dictionary, that is, to work from text to dictionary. This enables the classroom teacher to use texts for a variety o
40、f purposes: as practice for student has understood the meaning and that they know about basics such as alphabetical order and so on.Its important that students know how to deal with multi-sense words in English. As teachers, we are all familiar with the very. odd written work that results from stude
41、nts looking up each and every word in a passage, and quite often producing paraphrases that indicate that the student has selected the wrong sense of a word.Viewing the word in context helps the student fully understand the word or the meaning instead of trying to decode the word in isolation. The a
42、ctivity on this page can be used with any multi-sense words found in any text. Its very easy to create other exercises like this yourself. Naturally, the words you choose must be presented in a definite context, and they must have multiple meanings.Dictionary workbooks increasingly include exercises
43、 that help students improve their writing skills. Moreover, these are often of the best activities of the lot. Cartoons, crosswords, snakes and ladders, and advertisements have all been used to create interesting and lively activities, aimed at improving students writing skills. Some common ones are
44、: choosing the right word, using gap-fill, and that old faithful, multiple choice; using a phrase rather than a single word, for example, look up to someone-instead of the easier, but less natural word admire; manipulating phrasal verbs and other grammar problems; taking care not to make common mist
45、akes, like using an article with uncountable nouns, the crime instead of just crime, for example.Dictionary workbooks now also include group work so as to provide activities that are ideal for classroom use, for example, using dictionaries to find words that describe your partner. To sum up, diction
46、ary activities have evolved to take advantage of the increased richness of dictionaries. Today, they can be used to train learners to fully exploit them as a key resource, both in class and for self-access. Learner training can now encompass training in dictionary skills in order to further learner
47、independence.21 What was peoples feeling about dictionary activities in the past? 22 What have replaced the once difficult definitions in dictionaries? 23 What did workbooks and worksheets concentrate on in the past? 24 What can students benefit from viewing the word in context? 25 What can be impro
48、ved through dictionary workbooks including exercises? 25 Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be, becoming at one with the universe as they breathe in the mind-numbing fumes all around. At worst, it is an on-goin
49、g battle for sanity. But now, according to several groups of researchers in America and Germany, there is something that drivers can do to take back control over the roads. Get adaptive cruise control. And, of course, use it.Adaptive cruise control (ACC) , as its name suggests, is a modified version of traditional cruise control. It employs radar to monitor the road ahead of a vehicle, automatically adjusting that vehicles speed to main
