1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 521（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should We Abolish the One-Child Policy? You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below.1有人赞成现在废除独生子女政策2有人则表示反对3我的看法Should We Abolish the One-Child Pol
2、icy?二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the pa
3、ssage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 The End of the Cash EraIn the spring Adam Smith will replace Sir Edward Elgar as the face on Britains 20 note. The first economic thinker to be so ho
4、nored could well be the last. Not because economists are especially undeserving, but because cash, after millennia as one of mankinds most versatile and enduring technologies, looks set over the next 15 years or so finally to melt away into an electronic stream of ones and zeros. If an era is repres
5、ented by its money, the information age is at hand.Notes and coins are already a small fraction of the money in most rich countries. But going by the number of transactions rather than their value, we still live firmly in a cash society. The European Payments Council estimates that the European Unio
6、ns 360 billion cash transactions cost at least 50 billion a year; others put the bill at 200 a head. Visa, a huge credit-card alliance, reckons cash accounts for most of the $1.3 trillion spent a year across the world on small-ticket items. Whether queuing to get money out and queuing again to spend
7、 it, or breaking a $100 bill with an irate (发怒的) cab driver one minute and having your pockets and purses fat with coins the next, cash is plainly still king.Yet signs of the new order are everywhere. On February 12th, 19 telephone operators with networks in over 100 countries said that people would
8、 be able to use their handsets to send money abroad. MasterCard will operate the system in which remittances (汇款) will be sent as text messages. For people without bank accounts, the credit can be converted into pre-paid cards which can then be used to buy things. “It will revolutionize the money-tr
9、ansfer business,“ said Sunil Bharti Mittal, boss of Bharti Airtel, one of Indias biggest mobile operators. The idea is to tap into the more than $250 billion a year that immigrants and migrant workers send to relatives and friends back home.Britains Vodafone and Americas Citigroup are also launching
10、 an international money-transfer service developed from the M-PESA remittance service which is already operating successfully within Kenya. Sir John Bond, formerly chairman of the HSBC banking group and now chairman of Vodafone, has long been convinced that payments and mobiles would somehow converg
11、e. “Mobile phones have the ability to make a dramatic change to village life in Africa,“ he says. He also thinks phones loaded with credit will make many of the payments people use cash for in rich economies. For banks with high infrastructure costs, says Sir John, it has always “been hard to make m
12、oney out of small payments“. But lower-cost business models, some of them from developing countries, are opening up new opportunities. The big attraction of the mobile phone as a purse is that so many people have them even children.Both MasterCard and Visa have recently introduced plastic cards in A
13、merica that do not have to be swiped for purchases under $25. Later this year a “dual interface“ system will be tested in London. It will involve a single plastic card which combines an Oyster for travel, a standard Visa card issued by Britains Barclays Bank for “chip and PIN“ payments and a new “wa
14、ve and pay“ Visa for instant transactions up to 10.Nobody can be sure how fast bits and bytes will drive out metal and paper. A hundred years ago you could still pay your taxes in Uganda in cowrie shells. Perhaps hard cash will always find a niche, tucked away in childrens birthday cards and as mone
15、y for the unbanked and phoneless. But most of the time a phone or a smart card that can be waved over an electronic reader will beat notes and coins hands-down. The doubt and the remaining obstacle to digital money concerns a third property of cash: its anonymity. Greshams law vs Moores lawRendering
16、 cash as pure information is the final denial of the notion that money has intrinsic value: what was once a carefully weighed piece of gold, silver or bronze has become simply a token. That is a hard-won truth. As John Maynard Keynes once lamented, when it appears governments are able to deceive the
17、ir citizens by depreciating the currency.Yet when money is minted (铸造) from silicon something remarkable happens. The economics of handling cash which today involves thick-necked men in crash-helmets is suddenly embodied by Moores law, which has seen the cost of computer-processing power fall by hal
18、f every 18 months or so. Electronic information is instantaneous, weightless and exact. No longer the miserable fumbling through coat pockets while a line of waiting customers quietly fumes. Shopkeepers can do away with expensive cash floats and elaborate ruses to stop cash fraud such as charging $4
19、.99 so that the $5 bill most people hand over has to pass through the till (现金出纳机 的抽屉) for one cent change rather than being trousered by a shop assistant.Information-money can be handled by any information-processing device. That includes the mobile phone, which can add to moneys utility in that it
20、s screen can display information clearly and it can link to your bank as a mobile ATM at any time. Visa thinks a contactless digital transaction takes less than half the time of a cash one and that people liberated from what happens to be in their wallets spend a fifth more.Which is why digital cash
21、 is now solving its chicken-and-egg problem. In the past shopkeepers would not install systems unless shoppers had electronic cash. And shoppers would not use electronic cash unless they had something to buy. But smart cards and readers have become cheap and consumers now possess mobile phones in dr
22、oves. The trillions of payments that are too small to bear the fees of paying by credit card have come within reach and almost everyone stands to gain. Some Japanese merchants have already begun to offer discounts to people using electronic cash. Others will follow. The buck stops hereExcept there i
23、s that nagging question of anonymity. It is well known that privacy has a lot going for it. The firms running payment systems might sell information about what you buy and when. Prepare yourself for a barrage of e-coupons and offers designed to fit your profile and uploaded to your phone. And there
24、are more serious concerns. In the cash world, anonymity can be a cloak for wrong doing. The suspicion clings that where you find anonymity you find drugs, fraud, money laundering, terrorist financing and a huge amount of tax evasion.No wonder governments have long sought to control anonymous financi
25、al instruments. The state is certain to limit the amount that can pass through an anonymous card, phone, or other means of business. Eager to collect taxes from builders and nannies, it will also be tempted to monitor electronic-cash payments.Whether it does so is a political question, not a technol
26、ogical one. You can design payment systems that protect against fraud and yet preserve anonymity, just as you can design open systems or those that keep your identity secret unless the authorities demand that it be revealed.When it comes to trading convenience against privacy, most people seem to ba
27、ck convenience every time. With cash, however, it might be different. The more the state intrudes into electronic cash, the more it encourages inefficient notes and coin. From the first slave who bought his freedom, money has been what Dostoyevsky called “coined liberty“. As Adam Smith would no doub
28、t have observed, just because the state can pry into electronic cash does not mean it should.2 Why could Adam Smith be the last economist as the face on a bank note?（A）No economic thinker could be more honorable.（B） Cash is very versatile and enduring.（C） We will not need money in the near future.（D
29、）Electronic money will replace cash in the future.3 The second paragraph mainly indicates that_.（A）notes and coins play a less important role than before（B） cash still dominates the economic life in the society（C） we dont need as much money in flow as goods value（D）there are many inconveniences in c
30、ash transactions4 According to Sunil Bharti Mittal, what will revolutionize the traditional money-transfer business?（A）Alliance of telephone operators and MasterCard.（B） The large demand of immigrants and migrant workers.（C） Sending money by text messages.（D）International telephone networks.5 What d
31、oes the chairman of Vodafone John Bond think of banks?（A）They can hardly get profit out of small payments.（B） They may disappear in the near future just like cash.（C） They have greatly changed village life in Africa.（D）They hold a primary role in the money-transfer business.6 Visa will introduce a n
32、ew “wave and pay“ card in London for purchases_.（A）under $25（B） under E10（C） abroad（D）in traveling7 According to John Maynard Keynes, when can governments use devaluation of currency to take in people?（A）When value is inherent in money.（B） When metal currency becomes a token.（C） When cash cant be us
33、ed anonymously.（D）When Moores law begins to work.8 According to Visa, transactions by mobile ATMs can encourage spending by_.（A）18%（B） 5%（C） 0.4（D）0.29 More and more Japanese shopkeepers encourage using electronic cash by_.10 To limit wrong doing, governments have long been trying to control_.11 Mor
34、e people would use notes and coin to protect_when electronic cash payments are under strict monitoring.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both th
35、e conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）Take it easy and let it be.（B） Consult the science teacher.（C） Improve the teaching skil
36、ls.（D）Stop teaching Paul after class.（A）The man is not suitable for the position.（B） The job has been given to someone else.（C） Theres no vacancy for teaching assistant.（D）She hadnt received the mans application.（A）Its a waste of time.（B） It makes her restless.（C） It helps relieve stress.（D）Its a wa
37、y to make friends.（A）Its rapid growth is beneficial to the world.（B） It can be seen as a model by the rest of the world.（C） Its success cant be explained by elementary economics.（D）It will continue to surge forward in the future.（A）Move to another residence from Wall Street.（B） Transfer his investme
38、nt to the Chinese stock market.（C） Enter the stock market instead of investing in clothing.（D）Share his money-making experience with other marketers.（A）He doesnt usually get up at 7: 00.（B） He doesnt know the way to the theater.（C） He wants to go early to avoid a traffic jam.（D）He leaves the theater
39、 before the movie is over.（A）The library has a photographers studio.（B） The photos are cheaper in the post office.（C） He took photos in a photographers studio.（D）He took one picture of himself in the library.（A）She doesnt like talking about TV programs.（B） Shes upset that she missed the TV program.（
40、C） She doesnt think the TV program was funny.（D）She watched the TV program at a friends house.（A）She is the boss.（B） She is the foreman.（C） She is the assistant.（D）She is the human resource manager.（A）He had already found a job.（B） He didnt like the construction work.（C） He thought he is not qualifi
41、ed for the job.（D）He didnt have time to take a part-time job.（A）Chemistry.（B） Architecture.（C） Mathematics.（D）Biology.（A）Being outdoors.（B） The bad weather.（C） The danger of driving at night.（D）Dealing with different people.（A）Driving in unsettled weather.（B） Taking long drives outside the city.（C）
42、Meeting interesting people in the city.（D）Being able to enjoy the world of nature.（A）Different in personality.（B） Rude to women drivers.（C） Rather difficult to please.（D）Talkative and generous with tips.（A）She complains a lot.（B） She plans to quit her job.（C） She is very familiar with the city.（D）Sh
43、e is often criticized by her customers.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
44、 choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）The baby was about to fall into the river.（B） Ma Shwe was placing the baby on the rock.（C） The baby was washed away by the rising water.（D）Ma Shwe was holding the baby against the rushing water.（A）By taking it away with her.（B） By carrying it on her back.（C） By putti
45、ng it on a safe spot.（D）By pressing it against her body.（A）It was a great comfort.（B） It was a sign of danger.（C） It was a call for help.（D）It was a musical note.（A）It may come from Columbia.（B） It may suffer from monkey-pox.（C） It may enjoy being with children.（D）It may prevent us from being infect
46、ed.（A）They attack human beings.（B） We need to study native animals.（C） They cant live out of the rain forest.（D）We do not know much about them yet.（A）Forbid children to have pets.（B） Stop buying pets from Africa.（C） Fight against more new diseases.（D）Easily get infected by diseases from dogs.（A）Deve
47、lopment of the National Flag（B） Power of the National Flag（C） Types of Flags（D）Uses of Flags（A）They could tell wind direction.（B） They could bring good luck to fighters.（C） They were handed down by the ancestors.（D）They were believed to stand for natural forces.（A）He knows when it was sent to Europe
48、.（B） He believes it was made in Egypt.（C） He thinks it came from China.（D）He doubts where it started.（A）The role of China in the spread of the national flag.（B） The second ancestor of the national flag.（C） The use of modern flags in Europe.（D）The importance of modern flags.Section CDirections: In th
49、is section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36
